Exide Industries Limited, Kolkata V. Addl. CIT, Range - 1, Kolkata, Kolkata

ITA 189/KOL/2007

• Counselvise Citation: [2016] 121 COUNSELVISE.COM (IT) 3349 (ITAT-KOLKATA)
• Duration Of Justice: 8 year(s) 11 month(s) 27 day(s)
• Appeal Type: Income Tax Appeal
• Pronouncement Date: 20-01-2016
• Appeal Filed By: Assessee
• Order Result: Partly Allowed
• Bench Allotted: C
• Next Hearing Date: 02-11-2015
• Assessment Year: 2003-2004
• Appeal Filed On: 24-01-2007
• Result in Favour of: Partly Allowed
• Court: TRIBUNAL
• Department Lawyers: G MALLIKARJUNA
• Assessee Lawyers: BISHAN KR SEAL ACA
• Keywords: Business income; Depreciation; Business expenditure; Double taxation relief; Opportunity of being heard; Retrospective amendment; Non-deduction of tax; Bad and doubtful debts; Corroborative evidences; Revised return; Revenue expenditure; Capital expenditure
• Section: 43B; 80HHC; 14A

Judgement Text

I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 1 OF 22 IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL, KOLKATA C BENCH, KOLKATA BEFORE SHRI P.M. JAGTAP, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER AND SHRI S.S. VISWANETHRA RAVI, JUDICIAL MEMBER I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL/ 2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 EXIDE INDUSTRIES LIMITED,.......................... ..............................APPELLANT 59E, CHOWRINGHEE ROAD, KOLKATA-700 020 [PAN : AAACE 6641 E] -VS.- ADDITIONAL COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX,............. ................RESPONDENT RANGE-I, KOLKATA, AAYAKAR BHAWAN, P-7, CHOWRINGHEE SQUARE, KOLKATA-700 069 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/ 2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2004-2005 EXIDE INDUSTRIES LIMITED,.......................... ..............................APPELLANT 59E, CHOWRINGHEE ROAD, KOLKATA-700 020 [PAN : AAACE 6641 E] -VS.- DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX,................. ...............RESPONDENT CIRCLE-I, KOLKATA, AAYAKAR BHAWAN, P-7, CHOWRINGHEE SQUARE, KOLKATA-700 069 APPEARANCES BY: SHRI ANUP SINHA, ADVOCATE AND SHRI BISHAN KR. SEAL, ACA , FOR THE ASSESSEE SHRI G. MALLIKARJUNA, CIT, FOR THE DEPARTMENT DATE OF CONCLUDING THE HEARING : DECEMBER 11, 2015 DATE OF PRONOUNCING THE ORDER : JANUARY 20, 2016 O R D E R PER SHRI P.M. JAGTAP :- THESE TWO APPEALS FILED BY THE ASSESSEE AGAINST TWO SEPARATE ORDERS OF THE LD. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS)-I, KOLKATA FOR THE I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 2 OF 22 ASSESSMENT YEARS 2003-04 AND 2004-05 INVOLVE SOME C OMMON ISSUES AND THE SAME, THEREFORE, HAVE BEEN HEARD TOGETHER AND A RE BEING DISPOSED OF BY A SINGLE CONSOLIDATED ORDER FOR THE SAKE OF CONV ENIENCE. 2. FIRST WE TAKE UP THE APPEAL OF THE ASSESSEE FOR ASSESSMENT YEAR 2003-04, WHICH IS DIRECTED AGAINST THE ORDER OF THE LD. CIT(APPEALS)-I, KOLKATA DATED 08.11.2006. 3. THE ISSUE INVOLVED IN GROUND NO. 1 OF THIS APPEA L RELATES TO THE DISALLOWANCE OF RS.42,94,336/- MADE BY THE ASSESSIN G OFFICER AND CONFIRMED BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) UNDER SECTION 40( A)(IA) ON ACCOUNT OF NON-DEDUCTION OF TAX AT SOURCE FROM THE PAYMENT OF ROYALTY AND CONSULTANCY FEES MADE TO A JAPANESE ENTITY. 4. THE ASSESSEE IN THE PRESENT CASE IS A COMPANY, W HICH IS MAINLY ENGAGED IN THE BUSINESS OF MANUFACTURE AND SALE OF BATTERIES. THE RETURN OF INCOME FOR THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION, I.E. A. Y. 2003-04 WAS FILED BY IT ORIGINALLY ON 28.11.2003 DECLARING TOTAL INCOME OF RS.75,59,82,050/-. THEREAFTER THE REVISED RETURN WAS FILED BY THE ASSE SSEE ON 30.10.2004 DECLARING TOTAL INCOME OF RS.58,20,27,180/-. IN THE TAX AUDIT REPORT FILED ALONG WITH THE RETURN, A SUM OF RS.42,94,336/- PAID BY THE ASSESSEE TO A JAPANESE ENTITY ON ACCOUNT OF ROYALTY AND CONSULTAN CY FEES WAS SHOWN TO BE AN ITEM DISALLOWABLE UNDER SECTION 40(A)(I) FOR NON-DEDUCTION TAX AT SOURCE. IN THE COMPUTATION OF TOTAL INCOME, NO SUCH DISALLOWANCE UNDER SECTION 40(A)(IA) WAS OFFERED BY THE ASSESSEE. IN T HIS REGARD, RELIANCE WAS PLACED BY THE ASSESEE ON THE NON-DISCRIMINATORY CLA USE AS CONTAINED IN PARA 3 OF ARTICLE 24 OF THE INDO-JAPANESE TAX TREAT Y. THE STAND OF THE ASSESSEE WAS THAT SINCE NO SUCH DISALLOWANCE ON ACC OUNT OF NON- DEDUCTION OF TAX AT SOURCE FROM THE PAYMENT OF SIMI LAR NATURE MADE TO THE RESIDENT WAS LIABLE TO BE MADE UNDER THE INCOME TAX ACT, THE DISALLOWANCE UNDER SECTION 40(A)(IA) ON ACCOUNT OF NON-DEDUCTION OF TAX I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 3 OF 22 FROM THE SIMILAR PAYMENT MADE TO A NON-RESIDENT COU LD NOT BE MADE AS IT WOULD RESULT IN DISCRIMINATION. THIS STAND OF THE A SSESSEE WAS NOT FOUND ACCEPTABLE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER. ACCORDING TO H IM, THE LIMITED PURPOSE OF TAX TREATY WAS TO AVOID DOUBLE TAXATION ONLY AND IT COULD NOT BE RELIED UPON FOR DECIDING AS TO WHETHER ANY AMOUNT WAS DISA LLOWABLE OR NOT. HE ACCORDINGLY INVOKED THE PROVISION OF SECTION 40(A)( I) AND MADE A DISALLOWANCE ON ACCOUNT OF ROYALTY AND CONSULTANCY FEES PAID BY THE ASSESSEE TO A JAPANESE ENTITY. 5. ON APPEAL, THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) CONFIRMED THE DI SALLOWANCE MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER ON THIS ISSUE OBSERVING THAT THE LIMITED PURPOSE OF SECTION 90(2) OF THE ACT IS TO ALLOW CONCESSION REL ATING TO TAX RATES ONLY AND, THEREFORE, ARTICLE 24 OF THE RELEVANT DTAA COU LD NOT BE INVOKED TO DISPUTE THE APPLICABILITY OF THE PROVISION OF SECTI ON 40(A)(IA). 6. WE HAVE HEARD THE ARGUMENTS OF BOTH THE SIDES AN D ALSO PERUSED THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD. AS AGREED BY THE LD. REPRESENTATIVES OF BOTH THE SIDES, THIS ISSUE NOW S TANDS SQUARELY COVERED IN FAVOUR OF THE ASSESSEE BY VARIOUS DECISIONS OF T HIS TRIBUNAL. IN ONE OF SUCH DECISIONS RENDERED BY DELHI BENCH OF THIS TRIB UNAL IN THE CASE OF MILLENIUM INFOCOM TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED VS.- ACIT R EPORTED IN 21 SOT 152, IT WAS HELD THAT SINCE ROYALTY PAYMENTS TO RES IDENTS COULD NOT BE DISALLOWED FOR NON-DEDUCTION OF TAXES, SIMILAR PAYM ENTS MADE TO NON- RESIDENTS COULD NOT BE DISALLOWED IN THE HANDS OF T HE ASSESSEE UNDER SECTION 40(A)(I) AS PER ARTICLE 26(3) OF THE INDO-U .S. DTAA. SINCE THE RELEVANT PROVISION OF ARTICLE 26 OF INDO-JAPANESE D TAA IS ANALOGOUS TO THE PROVISION OF ARTICLE 26 OF INDO-US DTAA, WE RES PECTFULLY FOLLOW THE DECISION OF THE COORDINATE BENCH OF THIS TRIBUNAL I N THE CASE OF MILLENIUM INFOCOM TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED (SUPRA) AND DELETE THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER AND CONFIRMED BY THE LD. C IT(APPEALS) UNDER SECTION 40(A)(I). GROUND NO. 1 IS ACCORDINGLY ALLOW ED. I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 4 OF 22 7. THE ISSUE RAISED IN GROUND NO. 2 RELATES TO THE DISALLOWANCE OF RS.17.65 CRORES MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER AND C ONFIRMED BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) ON ACCOUNT OF PROVISION MADE BY THE AS SESSEE FOR WARRANTY. 8. THE BATTERIES MANUFACTURED AND SOLD BY THE ASSES SEE THROUGH ITS DEALERS CARRY CERTAIN GUARANTEED LIFE AND IN CASE O F ANY FAILURE DURING SUCH GUARANTEED PERIOD, THE BATTERIES ARE REPLACED FREE OF COST. KEEPING IN VIEW THE PERIOD OF GUARANTEE/WARRANTY AND BASED ON THE PAST EXPERIENCE, A PROVISION FOR WARRANTY OF RS.17.65 CR ORES WAS MADE BY THE ASSESSEE FOR THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION. IT WAS C LAIMED THAT THE SAID PROVISION WAS MADE AS PER THE ACCOUNTING STANDARD A S-29 PRESCRIBED BY THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA. TH E ASSESSING OFFICER, HOWEVER, REJECTED THIS CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE-COMPAN Y ON THE GROUND THAT A PROVISION MADE FOR WARRANTY BEING A NOTIONAL AND CONTINGENT LIABILITY WAS NOT ALLOWABLE AS PER THE MERCANTILE SYSTEM OF A CCOUNTING FOLLOWED BY THE ASSESSEE. ON APPEAL, THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) UPHEL D THE ORDER OF THE ASSESSING OFFICER ON THIS ISSUE BY OBSERVING THAT T HE PROVISION FOR WARRANTY BEING IN THE NATURE OF AN UNCERTAIN LIABIL ITY WAS RIGHTLY DISALLOWED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER. 9. WE HAVE HEARD THE ARGUMENTS OF BOTH THE SIDES AN D ALSO PERUSED THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD. AS RIGHTLY S UBMITTED BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE, THIS ISSUE IS COVERED IN PRINCIPLE IN FAVOUR OF THE ASSESSEE BY THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE SUPREME COU RT IN THE CASE OF ROTORK CONTROLS INDIA (PVT.) LIMITED VS.- CIT REPO RTED IN 314 ITR 62, WHEREIN THE HONBLE APEX COURT HAS HELD THAT THE PR OVISION OF WARRANTY IS ALLOWABLE AS DEDUCTION IF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE SATISFIED:- (I) AN ENTERPRISE HAS A PRESENT OBLIGATION AS A RES ULT OF PAST EVENTS; I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 5 OF 22 (II) IT IS PROBABLE THAT AN OUT-FLOW OF RESOURCES W ILL BE REQUIRED TO SETTLE THE OBLIGATION; (III) A RELIABLE ESTIMATE BASED ON HISTORICAL TREN D CAN BE MADE ON ACCOUNT OF OBLIGATION ON THE BASIS OF HISTORICAL TR END. 10. THE LD. D.R. HAS NOT RAISED ANY CONTENTION TO D ISPUTE THE PROPOSITION PROPOUNDED BY THE HONBLE SUPREME COURT IN THE CASE OF ROTORK CONTROLS INDIA (PVT.) LIMITED (SUPRA) ON THI S ISSUE. HE, HOWEVER, HAS CONTENDED THAT THE ISSUE AS TO WHETHER THE ASSE SSEE IN THE PRESENT CASE HAS SATISFIED THE CONDITIONS LAID DOWN BY THE HONBLE SUPREME COURT FOR ALLOWING DEDUCTION ON ACCOUNT OF PROVISION FOR WARRANTY REQUIRES VERIFICATION AND SINCE THE SAME HAS NOT BEEN DONE E ITHER BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER OR BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS), THE MATTER MAY BE RESTORED TO THE FILE OF THE ASSESSING OFFICER FOR THE LIMITED PURPOSE OF SUCH VERIFICATION. WE FIND MERIT IN THIS CONTENTION OF THE LD. D.R. AND S INCE THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE HAS ALSO NOT RAISED ANY OBJECTION IN T HIS REGARD, WE RESTORE THIS ISSUE TO THE FILE OF THE ASSESSING OFFICER WIT H A DIRECTION TO DECIDE THE SAME IN THE LIGHT OF THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE SU PREME COURT IN THE CASE OF ROTORK CONTROLS INDIA (PVT.) LIMITED. GROUND NO 2 IS ACCORDINGLY TREATED AS ALLOWED FOR STATISTICAL PURPOSES. 11. THE ISSUE RAISED IN GROUND NO. 3 RELATES TO THE ASSESSEES CLAIM FOR DEDUCTION OF RS.41.25 LAKHS ON ACCOUNT OF ARREARS O F ELECTRICITY CHARGES. 12. THE ASSESSEE-COMPANY WAS REGULARLY SUBJECTED TO MONTHLY FUEL SURCHARGE UPON ACTUAL CONSUMPTION AND THE SAME WAS PROVIDED AND PAID BY IT IN THE RESPECTIVE PREVIOUS YEARS BASED ON THE BILLS ISSUED BY CESC LIMITED. THERE WAS A REVISION OF THE CHARGE BY CESC LIMITED WITH RETROSPECTIVE EFFECT FROM THE YEAR 2000-01 AND ACCO RDINGLY ARREARS FOR THE EARLIER YEARS WERE RECOVERED FROM THE ASSESSEE. THE ARREARS SO I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 6 OF 22 RECOVERED TO THE EXTENT OF RS.41,25,486/- WERE DEBI TED BY THE ASSESSEE TO THE PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR UNDER CONSID ERATION. ACCORDING TO THE ASSESSING OFFICER, THE SAID AMOUNT WAS PERTAINI NG TO THE EARLIER YEARS AND THE ASSESSEE, THEREFORE, WAS NOT ENTITLED TO CL AIM THE SAME IN THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION. 13. ON APPEAL, THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) FOUND MERIT IN THE CONTENTION OF THE ASSESSEE RAISED ON THIS ISSUE THAT THE ARREARS OF E LECTRICITY CHARGES FOR THE EARLIER YEARS HAVING BEEN PAID BY THE ASSESSEE IN T HE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION ON THE BASIS OF HONBLE HIGH COURTS ORDER, THE LIABILITY ON THIS ACCOUNT, WHICH WAS NOT A CONTRACTUAL LIABILITY , HAD CRYSTALLIZED IN THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION. HE, HOWEVER, FOUND THAT T HE ASPECT AS TO WHETHER THE AMOUNT IN QUESTION WAS PAID BY THE ASSE SSEE AS PER THE ORDER OF THE HONBLE HIGH COURT REQUIRED VERIFICATION AND ACCORDINGLY A DIRECTION WAS GIVEN BY HIM TO THE ASSESSING OFFICER TO VERIFY THIS ASPECT AND ALLOWED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE ACCORDINGLY. 14. WE HAVE HEARD THE ARGUMENTS OF BOTH THE SIDES O N THIS ISSUE AND ALSO PERUSED THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON REC ORD. ALTHOUGH THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE HAS INVITED OUR ATTENTION TO THE RELEVANT DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE PLACED IN THE PAPER BOOK TO SH OW THAT THE BILLS FOR ARREARS HAVING BEEN RAISED BY THE CESC LIMITED AS P ER THE ORDER OF THE HONBLE HIGH COURT IN THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION, THE LIABILITY ON ACCOUNT OF ELECTRICITY CHARGE ARREARS HAD ARISEN IN THAT YEAR, WE FIND THAT THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) HAS ALREADY DIRECTED THE ASSES SING OFFICER TO VERIFY THIS ASPECT FROM THE RELEVANT RECORD AFTER GIVING T HE ASSESSEE PROPER AND SUFFICIENT OPPORTUNITY OF BEING HEARD AND THE ASSES SEE, THEREFORE, IS AT LIBERTY TO PRODUCE ALL THE RELEVANT DOCUMENTS TO ES TABLISH ITS CASE ON THIS ASPECT OF THE MATTER BEFORE THE ASSESSING OFFICER. IN OUR OPINION, THERE IS THUS NO INFIRMITY IN THE IMPUGNED ORDER OF THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) ON THIS I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 7 OF 22 ISSUE WARRANTING ANY INTERFERENCE FROM OUR SIDE AND UPHOLDING THE SAME, WE DISMISS GROUND NO. 3. 15. THE ISSUE RAISED IN GROUND NO. 4 RELATES TO THE DISALLOWANCE OF RS.1,31,37,993/- MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER AND CONFIRMED BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) ON ACCOUNT OF LIQUIDATED DAMAGES. 16. IN THE PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT FILED ALONG WITH T HE RETURN OF INCOME, A SUM OF RS.2,99,17,569/- WAS DEBITED BY THE ASSESSEE ON ACCOUNT OF LIQUIDATED DAMAGES. DURING THE COURSE OF ASSESSMENT PROCEEDINGS, IT WAS EXPLAINED BY THE ASSESSEE THAT THE SAID AMOUNT REPR ESENTED DEDUCTIONS MADE BY THE CUSTOMERS FOR NON-COMPLIANCE WITH THE D ELIVERY SCHEDULE, SHORTAGE DUE TO TRANSIT LOSS, BREAKAGE DUE TO TRANS IT DAMAGE, ETC. IT WAS SUBMITTED THAT THERE WAS A SHORT RECOVERY OF THE DU ES FROM CUSTOMERS TO THE EXTENT OF RS.2.99 CRORES AND THE SAME REPRESENT ING LIQUIDATED DAMAGES WAS CLAIMED AS EXPENDITURE. IN THIS REGARD, THE ASSESSING OFFICER NOTED THAT THERE WAS A SUBSTANTIAL INCREASE OF LIQU IDATED DAMAGES OF 78% CLAIMED BY THE ASSESSEE IN THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERA TION AS COMPARED TO THE IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING YEAR WHILE THE CORRESPOND ING INCREASE IN SALES WAS ONLY 11.5%. HE, THEREFORE, HELD THAT THE LIQUID ATED DAMAGES CLAIMED BY THE ASSESSEE WERE EXCESSIVE AND UNREASONABLE AND BY ALLOWING THE INCREASE IN LIQUIDATED DAMAGES ONLY TO THE EXTENT O F INCREASE IN SALES, I.E. 11.5%, HE DISALLOWED THE BALANCE AMOUNT OF LIQUIDAT ED DAMAGES OF RS.1.31 CRORES BEING EXCESSIVE AND UNREASONABLE. ON APPEAL, THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) CONFIRMED THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER ON THIS ISSUE FOR THE SAME REASONS AS GIVEN BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER. 17. THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE SUBMITTED THAT THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE FOR LIQUIDATED DAMAGES WAS ALLOWED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER AS WELL THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) IN PRINCIPLE BUT THE PORT ION OF THE SAME WAS TREATED AS EXCESSIVE AND UNREASONABLE AND DISALLOWE D ON AD HOC BASIS, I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 8 OF 22 WHICH IS AGAINST THE PRINCIPLE LAID DOWN BY THE HON BLE SUPREME COURT IN THE CASE OF DHAKESHWARI COTTON MILLS LIMITED VS.- CIT REPORTED IN 26 ITR 775. HE ALSO SUBMITTED THAT THE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES IS IN THE NATURE OF NORMAL BUSINESS EXPENDITURE REQUIRED TO BE INCURRED BY ANY MANUFACTURER LIKE THE ASSESSEE-COMPANY AND THE ASSE SSING OFFICER HIMSELF ALLOWED SUCH EXPENDITURE IN THE EARLIER YEA RS AS WELL AS IN THE SUBSEQUENT YEARS. HE CONTENDED THAT THE TOTAL SALES OF THE ASSESSEE FOR THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION WERE RS.194.39 CRORES AND THE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES CLAIMED BY THE ASSESSEE AT RS.2.99 CRORES B EING ONLY 1.27% OF SUCH SALES, THE SAME CANNOT BE TREATED AS EXCESSIVE OR UNREASONABLE. HE ALSO CONTENDED THAT THE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES ARE IN T HE NATURE OF BAD DEBTS AND THE SAME, THEREFORE, ARE ALLOWABLE ALTERNATIVEL Y UNDER SECTION 36(1)(VII) HAVING WRITTEN OFF BY THE ASSESSEE IN TH E BOOKS OF ACCOUNT AS PER THE RATIO LAID DOWN BY THE HONBLE SUPREME COUR T IN THE CASE OF TRF LIMITED VS.- CIT REPORTED IN 323 ITR 397. 18. THE LD. D.R., ON THE OTHER HAND, SUBMITTED THAT NO SPECIFIC DETAILS OR SUPPORTING EVIDENCE COULD BE FURNISHED BY THE ASSES SEE TO SUBSTANTIATE ITS CLAIM FOR LIQUIDATED DAMAGES. HE CONTENDED THAT IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH DETAILS AND DOCUMENTS, THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE FO R HIGHER LIQUIDATED DAMAGES AS COMPARED TO THE IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING YE AR WAS NOT FULLY VERIFIABLE AND SUCH HIGHER CLAIM WAS ONLY DISALLOWE D BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER TREATING THE SAME AS EXCESSIVE OR UNREASONA BLE. HE CONTENDED THAT THE MERE FACT THAT THERE WAS SHORT A RECOVERY OF DU ES FROM THE CUSTOMERS IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO ESTABLISH THAT THERE WAS A CAS E OF LIQUIDATED DAMAGES RECOVERED BY THE CONCERNED CUSTOMERS. HE ALSO CONTE NDED THAT THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE FOR LIQUIDATED DAMAGES CANNOT BE AL LOWED ALTERNATIVELY AS BAD DEBTS AS SOUGHT BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSE SSEE AS THE REQUIREMENTS FOR ALLOWING DEDUCTION ON ACCOUNT OF B AD DEBTS AS CONTAINED IN THE RELEVANT PROVISIONS ARE SPECIFIC. I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 9 OF 22 19. WE HAVE CONSIDERED THE RIVAL SUBMISSIONS AND AL SO PERUSED THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD. IT IS OBSERV ED THAT THERE WAS A SHORT RECOVERY OF DUES FROM THE CUSTOMERS ON ACCOUN T OF NON-COMPLIANCE BY THE ASSESSEE WITH DELIVERY SCHEDULE, SHORTAGES D UE TO TRANSIT LOSS, BREAKAGE DUE TO TRANSIT DAMAGES, ETC. AND THE SAME WAS CLAIMED BY THE ASSESSEE AS LIQUIDATED DAMAGES. AS RIGHTLY CONTENDE D BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE, NEITHER THE ASSESSING OFFICER NOR THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) HAS DISPUTED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE FOR LIQUIDAT ED DAMAGES IN PRINCIPLE, BUT THE SAME IS PARTLY DISALLOWED BY THE M ON THE GROUND THAT THE INCREASE IN LIQUIDATED DAMAGES AS CLAIMED BY TH E ASSESSEE IN THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION AT 78% WAS SUBSTANTIALLY MORE T HAN THE CORRESPONDING INCREASE IN SALES OF 11.5%. SUCH INCR EASE OVER AND ABOVE INCREASE IN SALES WAS TREATED BY THEM AS EXCESSIVE OR UNREASONABLE WITHOUT GIVING ANY COGENT OR CONVINCING REASON. IT IS PERTINENT TO NOTE HERE THAT THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE FOR LIQUIDATED DAMAGES WAS ALLOWED IN THE EARLIER YEARS AS WELL AS IN THE SUBSEQUENT YEAR S BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER BUT NOT EVEN THESE FIGURES OF THE OTHER YEA RS WERE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION BY THEM TO ASCERTAIN AS TO WHETHER TH E INCREASE IN LIQUIDATED DAMAGES AS CLAIMED BY THE ASSESSEE IN TH E YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION WAS EXCESSIVE OR UNREASONABLE. NO DOU BT, THE SPECIFIC DETAILS OF ALL THE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES CLAIMED WERE NOT FURNISHED BY THE ASSESSEE, AS RIGHTLY CONTENDED BY THE LD. D.R., TO SUBSTANTIATE ITS CLAIM FOR DEDUCTION. HOWEVER, THE FACT REMAINS THAT THERE WAS UNDER RECOVERY OF RECEIVABLES BY THE ASSESSEE FROM THE CONCERNED CUST OMERS AND THE PARTY- WISE DETAILS OF UNDER-RECOVERY HAVING BEEN FURNISHE D BY THE ASSESSEE, WE ARE OF THE VIEW THAT THERE WAS NO JUSTIFICATION ON THE PART OF THE AUTHORITIES BELOW TO CONSIDER THE CLAIM OF THE ASSE SSEE FOR LIQUIDATED DAMAGES AS EXCESSIVE OR UNREASONABLE WITHOUT BRINGI NG ANY MATERIAL ON RECORD IN SUPPORT. AS RIGHTLY CONTENDED BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE, THE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES IS A REGULAR FEATU RE OF ANY MANUFACTURER LIKE THE ASSESSEE-COMPANY AND THE ASSESSING OFFICER HIMSELF HAVING I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 10 OF 22 ALLOWED THE CLAIM FOR LIQUIDATED DAMAGES NOT IN THE EARLIER YEARS AND SUBSEQUENT YEARS BUT EVEN PARTLY IN THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION, THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY HIM FOR THE REMAINING PART WIT HOUT THERE BEING ANYTHING TO SUPPORT AND SUBSTANTIATE THE SAME, IN O UR OPINION, IS NOT SUSTAINABLE. WE, THEREFORE, DELETE THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER AND CONFIRMED BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) ON TH IS ISSUE AND ALLOW GROUND NO. 4. 20. GROUND NOS. 5(A) AND 5(B) ARE NOT PRESSED BY TH E LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSEESSEE. THE SAME ARE ACCORDINGLY DISMISSED AS NO T PERSSED. 21. GROUNDS NOS. 5(C) & 6 INVOLVE THE ISSUE RELATIN G TO THE DISALLOWANCE OF RS.69.21 LAKHS AND RS.2.05 CRORES MADE BY THE AS SESSING OFFICER AND CONFIRMED BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) ON ACCOUNT OF PAY MENT MADE BY THE ASSESSEE TO SONATA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ON AC COUNT OF ERP EXPENSES RESPECTIVELY. 22. DURING THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION, THE ASSESS EE HAD INCURRED EXPENDITURE OF RS.2.05 CRORES FOR UPGRADATION OF ER P. A SUM OF RS.69.21 LAKHS WAS ALSO PAID BY THE ASSESSEE TO M/S. SONATA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE SUPPORT AS WEL L AS CONSULTANCY SERVICES IN CONNECTION WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF T HE UPGRADED ERP. THIS ENTIRE EXPENDITURE INCURRED BY THE ASSESSEE FOR UPG RADATION OF ERP AS WELL AS IMPLEMENTATION THEREOF WAS CLAIMED AS DEDUC TION BEING REVENUE IN NATURE. THE ASSESSING OFFICER AS WELL AS THE LD. CIT(APPEALS), HOWEVER, TREATED THE SAME AS CAPITAL IN NATURE ON THE GROUND THAT THE SAME RESULTED IN THE ENDURING BENEFIT TO THE ASSESSEE AN D ACCORDINGLY ALLOWED ONLY DEPRECIATION THEREON. 23. WE HAVE HEARD THE ARGUMENTS OF BOTH THE SIDES AND ALSO PERUSED THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD. IT IS NO T IN DISPUTE THAT THE ERP PACKAGE WAS ORIGINALLY PURCHASED AND INSTALLED BY T HE ASSESSEE IN THE I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 11 OF 22 EARLIER YEARS AND THE EXPENDITURE INCURRED THEREON IN THE EARLIER YEARS WAS FINALLY TREATED AS CAPITAL IN NATURE. DURING TH E YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION, THE SAID ERP PACKAGE WAS UPGRADED BY THE ASSESSEE AND THE EXPENDITURE IN QUESTION THUS WAS INCURRED BY TH E ASSESSEE ON UPGRADATION OF ERP AS WELL AS IMPLEMENTATION THEREO N. AS RIGHTLY SUBMITTED BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE, THE EXPENSES INCURRED ON UPGRADATION OF ERP HAS ALREADY BEEN HELD AS REVENUE EXPENDITURE ALLOWABLE AS DEDUCTION IN THE VARIOUS DECISIONS REN DERED BY THE HONBLE HIGH COURTS AS WELL AS THE DIFFERENT BENCHES OF THI S TRIBUNAL. IN ONE OF SUCH DECISIONS RENDERED IN THE CASE OF CIT VS.- AM WAY INDIA ENTERPRISES, THIS ISSUE HAS BEEN ELABORATELY DEALT WITH BY THE S PECIAL BENCH OF THIS TRIBUNAL AND AFTER DISCUSSING ALL THE RELEVANT ASPE CTS, IT IS HELD THAT EXPENDITURE INCURRED ON UPGRADATION OF ERP MODULE W OULD BE ALLOWABLE AS DEDUCTION BEING REVENUE IN NATURE. AT THE TIME O F HEARING BEFORE US, THE LD. D.R. HAS CONTENDED THAT THE UPGRADATION OF ERP IS NOTHING BUT REPLACEMENT OF ERP PACKAGE AS THE EARLIER VERSION O F ERP BECOMES COMPLETELY USELESS AFTER UPGRADATION. WE ARE UNABLE TO AGREE WITH THE CONTENTION OF THE LD. D.R. IN OUR OPINION, THERE IS A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN UPGRADATION OF ERP SOFTWARE AND PURCHASE OF ERP SOF TWARE, INASMUCH AS THE BENEFIT OF UPGRADATION IS ONLY INCREMENTAL, WHI CH IS TO THE EXTENT OF ADDITIONAL FEATURES PROVIDED IN THE NEW VERSION, WH ILE THE SAME IN THE CASE OF ACQUISITION OF NEW ERP PACKAGE IS FULL AND COMPLETELY NEW. EVEN THIS BENEFIT IS REFLECTED IN THE PRICE CHARGE, INAS MUCH AS THE PRICE CHARGED FOR UPGRADATION IS ONLY MARGINAL EQUIVALENT TO THE INCREMENTAL BENEFIT AVAILABLE IN THE NEW VERSION WHILE IT IS FULL IN CA SE OF ACQUISITION OF NEW ERP PACKAGE. THE UPGRADATION OF ERP, IN OUR OPINION , THEREFORE, CANNOT BE EQUATED WITH REPLACEMENT AS CONTENDED BY THE LD. D.R. AND THE ADVANTAGE BEING ONLY INCREMENTAL TO THE EXTENT OF T HE ADDITIONAL FEATURES IN THE NEW VERSION, THE SAME CANNOT BE TREATED AS T HE REPLACEMENT OF THE ENTIRE ERP PACKAGE SO AS TO TREAT THE EXPENDITURE I NCURRED ON UPGRADATION AS CAPITAL EXPENDITURE. MOREOVER, THE U SE OF ANY ERP PACKAGE I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 12 OF 22 IN THE CASE OF MANUFACTURER LIKE THE ASSESESE-COMPA NY IS GENERALLY FOR COORDINATING AND RATIONALIZING ITS FUNCTIONS AND BU SINESS PROCESS IN ORDER TO ENSURE THAT THE BUSINESS IS CARRIED ON MORE EFFI CIENTLY AND EFFECTIVELY AND BY APPLYING THE FUNCTIONAL TEST, THE EXPENDITUR E INCURRED ON ERP PACKAGE, IN OUR OPINION, CANNOT BE TREATED AS CAPIT AL EXPENDITURE AS IT DOES NOT RESULT IN CREATION OF ANY NEW ASSET OR ADV ANTAGE OF ENDURING NATURE IN THE CAPITAL FIELD. WE, THEREFORE, DIRECT THE ASSESSING OFFICER TO ALLOW THE DEDUCTION CLAIMED BY THE ASSESSEE ON ACCO UNT OF EXPENDITURE INCURRED ON UPGRADATION OF ERP AND IMPLEMENTATION T HEREOF TREATING THE SAME AS REVENUE IN NATURE. 24. GROUND NO. 7 RELATING TO THE ISSUE OF DEALERS I NCENTIVE IS NOT PRESSED BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE AT THE TIME OF HEARING BEFORE US. THE SAME IS ACCORDINGLY DISMISSED AS NOT PRESSE D. 25. THE ISSUE RAISED IN GROUND NO. 8 RELATES TO THE DISALLOWANCE OF 1.51 CRORES MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER AND CONFIRMED BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) ON ACCOUNT OF PROVISION MADE BY THE AS SESSEE FOR LEAVE ENCASHMENT. 26. THE ASSESSEE-COMPANY DURING THE YEAR UNDER CONS IDERATION HAD MADE A PROVISION OF RS.1.51 CRORES FOR LEAVE ENCASH MENT ON THE BASIS OF AN ACTURIAL VALUATION AND THE SAME WAS CLAIMED AS D EDUCTION BY RELYING ON THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE CALCUTTA HIGH COURT IN ASSESESES OWN CASE REPORTED IN 292 ITR 470 AND THE DECISION OF THE HON BLE SUPREME COURT IN THE CASE OF BHARAT EARTH MOVERS REPORTED IN 245 ITR 428. THE ASSESSING OFFICER, HOWEVER, DISALLOWED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSES SEE FOR PROVISION OF LEAVE ENCASHMENT RELYING ON THE CLAUSE (F) INSERTED IN SECTION 43B BY THE FINANCE ACT, 2001 W.E.F. 1 ST APRIL, 2002. THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) CONFIRMED THE SAID DISALLOWANCE. THE ASSESESE CHALLENGED THE CONSTITUTIONAL VALIDITY OF CLAUSE (F) INSERTED IN SECTION 43B BEFORE THE HO NBLE CALCUTTA HIGH I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 13 OF 22 COURT BY WAY OF A WRIT PETITION AND ALTHOUGH THE SA ME WAS INITIALLY DISMISSED BY THE SINGLE BENCH, IT WAS ADMITTED AND RULED IN FAVOUR OF THE ASSESSEE BY THE DIVISION BENCH OF THE HONBLE CALCU TTA HIGH COURT BY HOLDING THAT THE INTRODUCTION OF CLAUSE (F) TO SECT ION 43B IS ULTRA VIRUS OF THE ACT IN THE ABSENCE OF DISCLOSURE OF THE OBJECTS AND BEING INCONSISTENT WITH THE BASIC INTENT OF SECTION 43B. THEREAFTER TH E DEPARTMENT FILED THE SLP AGAINST THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE CALCUTTA HI GH COURT AND WHILE ADMITTING THE SAME, THE HONBLE SUPREME COURT VIDE ITS JUDGMENT DATED 08.09.2008 STAYED THE JUDGMENT OF THE HONBLE CALCU TTA HIGH COURT UNTIL FURTHER ORDERS. 27. AT THE TIME OF HEARING BEFORE US, THE LD. COUNS EL FOR THE ASSESSEE HAS CONTENDED THAT EVEN THOUGH THE DECISION OF THE HON BLE CALCUTTA HIGH COURT HOLDING CLAUSE (F) OF SECTION 43D AS ULTRA VI RUS IS STAYED BY THE HONBLE SUPREME COURT WHILE ADMITTING THE SLP FILED BY THE REVENUE, THE SAME HAS NOT BEEN REVERSED AND THIS TRIBUNAL, THERE FORE, IS BOUND TO FOLLOW THE SAME BEING A BINDING PRECEDENT. HE HAS A LSO CONTENDED THAT THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE CALCUTTA HIGH COURT WAS STAYED BY THE HONBLE APEX COURT VIDE ITS JUDGMENT DATED 08.09.2008 UNTIL FURTHER ORDERS AND THERE BEING ANOTHER INTERIM ORDER PASSED BY THE HON BLE SUPREME COURT ON 08.05.2009, THE STAY GRANTED EARLIER STANDS AUTO MATICALLY VACATED. A COPY OF THE SAID INTERIM ORDER DATED 08.05.2009 IS PLACED ON RECORD BEFORE US, THE CONTENTS OF WHICH ARE EXTRACTED BELO W:- PENDING HEARING AND FINAL DISPOSAL OF THE CIVIL AP PEAL, DEPARTMENT IS RESTRAINED FROM RECOVERING PENALTY AN D INTEREST WHICH HAS ACCRUED TILL DATE. IT IS MADE CLEAR THAT AS FAR AS THE OUTSTANDING INTEREST DEMAND AS OF DATE IS CONCERNED , IT WOULD BE OPEN TO THE DEPARTMENT TO RECOVER THE AMOUNT IN CASE CIVIL APPEAL OF THE DEPARTMENT IS ALLOWED. WE FURTHER MAKE IT CLEAR THAT THE ASSESSEE WOULD DU RING THE PENDENCY OF THIS CIVIL APPEAL, PAY TAX AS IF SECTIO N 43B(F) IS ON THE STATUTE BOOK BUT AT THE SAME TIME IT WOULD BE E NTITLED TO MAKE A CLAIM IN ITS RETURNS. I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 14 OF 22 28. WE HAVE CAREFULLY PERUSED THE INTERIM ORDER DAT ED 8 TH MAY, 2009 PASSED BY THE HONBLE SUPREME COURT IN THE MATTER. IT IS OBSERVED THAT THE HONBLE APEX COURT IN THE SAID ORDER HAS MADE I T CLEAR THAT THE ASSESSEE, DURING THE PENDENCY OF THE CIVIL APPEAL, WOULD PAY TAX AS IF SECTION 43B(F) IS ON THE STATUTE BOOK, BUT AT THE S AME TIME, IT WOULD BE ENTITLED TO MAKE CLAIM IN ITS RETURN. KEEPING IN VI EW ALL THESE DEVELOPMENTS, THE COORDINATE BENCH OF THIS TRIBUNAL IN THE CASE OF DY. CIT VS.- BLA INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD. (ITA NO. 1434/KO L/2012 DATED 16.01.2015) HAS RESTORED THE SIMILAR ISSUE TO THE F ILE OF THE ASSESSING OFFICER WITH A DIRECTION TO AWAIT TILL THE FINAL DE CISION OF THE HONBLE SUPREME COURT ON THE ISSUE AND THEN TO DECIDE THE I SSUE ACCORDINGLY. FOLLOWING THE SAID DECISION OF THE COORDINATE BENCH , WE RESTORE THIS ISSUE TO THE FILE OF THE ASSESSING OFFICER WITH THE SIMIL AR DIRECTION. GROUND NO. 8 IS ACCORDINGLY TREATED AS ALLOWED FOR STATISTICAL PURPOSES. 29. GROUNDS NO. 9, 10 & 11 RAISED BY THE ASSESSEE I N THIS APPEAL ARE NOT PRESSED BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESEE AT THE T IME OF HEARING BEFORE US. THE SAME ARE ACCORDINGLY DISMISSED AS NOT PRESS ED. 30. IN THE RESULT, THE APPEAL OF THE ASSESSEE FOR A .Y. 2003-04 BEING ITA NO. 189/KOL/2007 IS PARTLY ALLOWED. 31. NOW WE SHALL TAKE UP THE APPEAL OF THE ASSESSEE FOR A.Y. 2004-05, WHICH IS DIRECTED AGAINST THE ORDER OF THE LD. COMM ISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS)-I, KOLKATA DATED 28.03.2007. 32. THE ISSUE INVOLVED IN GROUND NO. 1 OF THIS APPE AL RELATING TO THE ASSESSEES CLAIM FOR DEDUCTION ON ACCOUNT OF PROVIS ION MADE FOR LEAVE ENCASHMENT IS SIMILAR TO THE ONE INVOLVED IN GROUND NO. 8 OF THE ASSESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2003-04, WHICH HAS ALREA DY BEEN DECIDED BY US IN THE FOREGOING PORTION OF THIS ORDER. FOLLOWING O UR CONCLUSION DRAWN ON THE SIMILAR ISSUE IN A.Y. 2003-04, WE RESTORE THIS ISSUE TO THE FILE OF THE I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 15 OF 22 ASSESSING OFFICER FOR DECIDING THE SAME AFRESH AS P ER THE SAME DIRECTION AS GIVEN IN A.Y. 2003-04. 33. AS REGARDS THE ISSUE INVOLVED IN GROUND NO. 2 R ELATING TO THE DISALLOWANCE MADE UNDER SECTION 40(A)(IA) ON ACCOUN T OF PAYMENT MADE BY THE ASSESESE TO A JAPANESE PARTY TOWARDS ROYALTY AND TECHNICAL FEES, IT IS OBSERVED THAT THE ISSUE IS SIMILAR TO THE ONE IN VOLVED IN GROUND NO. 1 OF THE ASSESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2003-04, WHICH HA S BEEN DECIDED BY US IN THE FOREGOING PORTION OF THIS ORDER. FOLLOWING OUR CONCLUSION DRAWN IN A.Y. 2003-04, WE DELETE THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY TH E ASSESSING OFFICER AND CONFIRMED BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) ON THIS ISSUE AND ALLOW GROUND NO. 2 OF THE ASSESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2004-05. 34. AS REGARDS GROUND NOS. 3, 4 & 5 OF THE ASSESSEE S APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2004-05, IT IS OBSERVED THAT THE ISSUES INVOLVED TH EREIN RELATING TO THE DISALLOWANCE MADE ON ACCOUNT OF ASSESSEES CLAIM FO R DEDUCTION OF ERP UPGRADATION AND IMPLEMENTATION EXPENSES ARE SIMILAR TO THE ISSUES INVOLVED IN GROUND NO. 5(C) AND GROUND NO. 6 OF THE ASSESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2003-04, WHICH HAVE BEEN DECIDED BY US IN THE FOREGOING PORTION OF THIS ORDER. FOLLOWING OUR CONCLUSION DRAWN IN A.Y. 2003-04, WE DECIDE THESE ISSUES IN FAVOUR OF THE ASSESSEE AND DELETE T HE DISALLOWANCE MADE ON ACCOUNT OF ERP UPGRADATION AND IMPLEMENTATION EX PENSES. GROUNDS NO. 3, 4 & 5 OF THE ASSESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2004 -05 ARE ACCORDINGLY ALLOWED. 35. THE ISSUE RAISED IN GROUND NO. 6 RELATING TO TH E DISALLOWANCE MADE UNDER SECTION 14A HAS NOT BEEN PRESSED BY THE LD. C OUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE AT THE TIME OF HEARING BEFORE US. THE SAME IS ACCORDINGLY DISMISSED AS NOT PRESSED. I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 16 OF 22 36. IN GROUND NO. 7(A), THE ASSESSEE HAS CHALLENGED THE ACTION OF THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) IN UPHOLDING THE ORDER OF THE ASSESSIN G OFFICER REDUCING THE TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW FEES FROM THE PROFITS OF THE BU SINESS FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMPUTING DEDUCTION UNDER SECTION 80HHC. 37. WHILE COMPUTING THE DEDUCTION ALLOWABLE TO THE ASSESSEE UNDER SECTION 80HHC, THE TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW FEES AMOUNTIN G TO RS.34,08,824/- WAS REDUCED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER FROM THE PROF ITS OF THE BUSINESS. FOR THIS CONCLUSION, HE RELIED ON EXPLANATION (BAA) TO SECTION 80HHC(4B) AND HELD THAT THE TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW FEES RECEIVED BY THE ASSESSEE BEING IN THE NATURE OF BROKERAGE, COMMISSION, INTEREST, R ENT, ETC., THE SAME WAS REQUIRED TO BE REDUCED TO THE EXTENT OF 90% FROM TH E PROFITS OF THE BUSINESS FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMPUTING DEDUCTION UND ER SECTION 80HHC. ON APPEAL, THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) UPHELD THE ACTION O F THE ASSESSING OFFICER ON THIS ISSUE BY RELYING ON HIS APPELLATE ORDER PAS SED IN ASSESSEES OWN CASE FOR A.Y. 2003-04, WHEREBY EXPORT INCENTIVE REC EIVED UNDER DEEC SCHEME WAS EXCLUDED FROM THE PROFITS OF THE BUSINES S FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMPUTING DEDUCTION UNDER SECTION 80HHC. 38. THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE REITERATED BEF ORE US THAT THE ASSESSEE-COMPANY HAD ENTERED INTO TECHNOLOGY SHARIN G AGREEMENT WITH ITS SUBSIDIARY AT SRILANKA AND THE AMOUNT IN QUESTI ON WAS RECEIVED BY IT FROM THE SAID SUBSIDIARY FOR SHARING TECHNICAL KNOW LEDGE IN ORDER TO ENABLE THE SAID SUBSIDIARY TO SERVICE THE GOODS EXP ORTED BY THE ASSESSEE- COMPANY. HE CONTENDED THAT THERE WAS THUS A DIRECT LINK WITH THE EXPORT OF GOODS MADE BY THE ASSESSEE-COMPANY AND THE AMOUN T IN QUESTION RECEIVED AS TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW FEES. HE ALSO CONTEN DED THAT THE EXPLANATION (BAA) TO SECTION 80HHC(4B) OF THE ACT R ELIED UPON BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER IS NOT APPLICABLE IN THE PRESENT CONTEXT AS THE TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW FEES RECEIVED BY THE ASSESSEE IS NOT IN TH E NATURE OF RECEIPTS COVERED BY THE SAID EXPLANATION. IN SUPPORT OF HIS CONTENTION ON THIS I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 17 OF 22 ISSUE, THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE RELIED ON T HE DECISIONS OF THE HONBLE BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF CIT VS.- K.K. DOSHI & COMPANY REPORTED IN 245 ITR 849 AND CIT VS.- KANTILAL CHHO TELAL REPORTED IN 246 ITR 429. THE LD. D.R., ON THE OTHER HAND, RELIED ON THE ORDERS OF THE AUTHORITIES BELOW IN SUPPORT OF THE REVENUES CASE ON THIS ISSUE. 39. WE HAVE CONSIDERED THE RIVAL SUBMISSIONS AND AL SO PERUSED THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD. GOING BY THE NATURE OF THE AMOUNT IN QUESTION RECEIVED BY THE ASSESSEE ON ACCOUNT OF TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW FEES AS EXPLAINED BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESS EE, WE ARE OF THE VIEW THAT THE SAME IS DIFFERENT FROM THE NATURE OF RECEI PTS AS COVERED BY EXPLANATION (BAA) TO SECTION 80HHC(4B) SUCH AS DUTY DRAW BACK, SALE OF LICENSE, COMMISSION, BROKERAGE, INTEREST, RENT, ETC . AND, THEREFORE, THE RELIANCE OF THE AUTHORITIES BELOW ON THE SAID EXPLA NATION TO EXCLUDE THE SAID AMOUNT TO THE EXTENT OF 90% FROM THE PROFITS O F THE BUSINESS FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMPUTING DEDUCTION ADMISSIBLE TO THE AS SESSEE IS CLEARLY MISPLACED. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE SAID AMOUNT HAVIN G DIRECT LINK WITH THE EXPORT OF THE ASSESSEE AS EXPLAINED BY THE LD. COUN SEL FOR THE ASSESSEE, WE ARE OF THE VIEW THAT THE SAME CANNOT BE EXCLUDED FR OM THE PROFITS OF THE BUSINESS FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMPUTING DEDUCTION UND ER SECTION 80HHC AS HELD, INTER ALIA, BY THE HONBLE BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF K.K . DOSHI & CO. (SUPRA) AND KANTILAL CHHOTELAL (SUPRA). WE, THEREFORE, DIRECT THE ASSESSING OFFICER TO INCLUDE THE AMOUNT OF TECH NICAL KNOW-HOW FEES IN THE PROFITS OF THE BUSINESS FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMP UTING DEDUCTION UNDER SECTION 80HHC AS CLAIMED BY THE ASSESSEE. GROUND NO 7(A) OF THE ASSESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2004-05 IS ACCORDINGLY A LLOWED. 40. GROUNDS NO. 7(B) AND 7(C) ARE NOT PRESSED BY TH E LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE. THE SAME ARE ACCORDINGLY DISMISSED AS NOT PRESSED. I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 18 OF 22 41. THE ISSUE INVOLVED IN GROUND NO. 8 IN ASESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2004-05 RELATES TO THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY THE ASS ESSING OFFICER AND CONFIRMED BY THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) ON ACCOUNT OF ASS ESSEES CLAIM FOR DEDUCTION TOWARDS ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION PAID TO P ENSION FUND AMOUNTING TO RS.914.70 LAKHS. 42. AFTER HAVING NOTICED THAT THERE WAS A SHORT FAL L IN THE ACCUMULATED FUNDS FOR MAKING PAYMENTS OF PENSION TO EMPLOYEES I N FUTURE AND KEEPING IN VIEW THE FALLING INTEREST RATES ON INVESTMENT, A DDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION OF RS.9,14,07,000/- WAS MADE BY THE ASSESSEE ON THE BA SIS OF ACTUARIAL REPORT IN THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION. ACCORDING T O THE ASSESSING OFFICER, THIS ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION MADE BY THE A SSESSEE TO PENSION FUND WAS NOT ALLOWABLE AS DEDUCTION AS THE SAME WAS NOT SPECIFICALLY COVERED BY THE RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF SECTION 36(1) (IV) READ WITH RULES 87 & 88 OF THE INCOME TAX RULES, 1962. HE, THEREFOR E, DISALLOWED THE SAME. ON APPEAL, THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) CONFIRMED THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER ON THIS ISSUE FOR THE SAME RE ASONS AS GIVEN BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER. 43. WE HAVE HEARD THE ARGUMENTS OF BOTH THE SIDES O N THIS ISSUE AND ALSO PERUSED THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON REC ORD. IT IS OBSERVED THAT SIMILAR ISSUE HAD COME UP FOR CONSIDERATION BEFORE THE COORDINATE BENCH OF THIS TRIBUNAL AT MUMBAI IN THE CASE OF CIT VS.- GLAXO SMITHKLINE PHARMACEUTICALS (ITA NO. 6444/MUM./2007 DATED 28.01 .2011), WHEREIN AS A RESULT OF FALLING INTEREST RATE, THE LIC OF IN DIA HAD REVISED ACTUARIAL RATE OF PENSION TO BE PROVIDED BY THEM TO THE RETIR ING MEMBERS RESULTING IN LARGER PAY OUT FROM THE FUND AND IN ORDER TO MAK E GOOD THE DEFICIT, ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION WAS PAID BY THE ASSESSEE AM OUNTING TO RS.476.06 LAKHS BASED ON AN ACTUARIAL VALUATION. THIS ADDITIO NAL CONTRIBUTION PAID BY THE ASSESSEE TO PENSION FUND WAS HELD TO BE AN A LLOWABLE DEDUCTION BY I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 19 OF 22 THE TRIBUNAL FOR THE FOLLOWING REASONS GIVEN IN PAR AGRAPHS NO. 8 TO 10 OF ITS ORDER:- 8. WE FIND THAT SECTION 36(1)(IV), WHICH DEALS WIT H THE DEDUCTIONS ON ACCOUNT OF CONTRIBUTION TO A RECOGNISED PROVIDEN T FUND OR AN APPROVED SUPERANNUATION FUND, PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS: '36. OTHER DEDUCTIONS.-(L) THE DEDUCTIONS PROVIDED FOR IN THE FOLLOWING CLAUSES SHALL BE ALLOWED IN RESPECT OF TH E MATTERS DEALT WITH THEREIN, IN COMPUTING THE INCOME REFERRE D TO IN SECTION 28- (I) TO (III)........................................... ..... (IV) ANY SUM PAID BY THE ASSESSEE AS AN EMPLOYER BY WAY OF CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS A RECOGNISED PROVIDENT FUND OR AN APPROVED SUPERANNUATION FUND, SUBJECT TO SUCH LIMIT S AS MAY BE PRESCRIBED FOR THE PURPOSE OF RECOGNISING THE PR OVIDENT FUND OR APPROVING THE SUPERANNUATION FUND, AS THE C ASE MAY BE; AND SUBJECT TO SUCH CONDITIONS AS THE BOARD MAY THINK FIT TO SPECIFY IN CASES WHERE THE CONTRIBUTIONS ARE NOT IN THE NATURE OF ANNUAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF FIXED AMOUNTS OR ANNUAL CONTRIBUTIONS FIXED ON SOME DEFINITE BASIS BY REFER ENCE TO THE INCOME CHARGEABLE UNDER THE HEAD 'SALARIES' OR TO T HE CONTRIBUTIONS OR TO THE NUMBER OF MEMBERS OF THE FU ND;' 9. WE MAY NOW REFER TO THE FOURTH SCHEDULE. PART B OF THE SCHEDULE DEALS WITH THE APPROVED SUPERANNUATION FUNDS. CONDI TIONS RELATING TO THE GRANT OF APPROVAL AND THE PROCEDURE THEREFOR ARE SET OUT IN THESE, TWO PARTS. RULE 11 OF PART B PROVIDES, THAT IN ADDITION TO ANY POWER CONFERRED BY PART B, THE CBDT MAY MAKE RULES, INTER ALIA, LIMITING THE ORDINARY ANNUAL CONTRIBUTION AND ANY O THER CONTRIBUTIONS TO AN APPROVED SUPERANNUATION FUND BY AN EMPLOYER. RULES 87 AND 88 OF THE INCOME-TAX RULES, 1962 ('THE RULES'), ARE PRESCRIBED IN PURSUANCE OF SECTION 36(1)(IV). FOR C ONVENIENT REFERENCE THESE RULES ARE REPRODUCED BELOW: '87. ORDINARY ANNUAL CONTRIBUTIONS.-THE ORDINARY AN NUAL CONTRIBUTION BY THE EMPLOYER TO A FUND IN RESPECT O F ANY PARTICULAR EMPLOYEE SHALL NOT EXCEED TWENTY-FIVE PE R CENT OF HIS SALARY FOR EACH YEAR AS REDUCED BY THE EMPLOYER 'S CONTRIBUTION, IF ANY, TO ANY PROVIDENT FUND (WHETHE R RECOGNISED OR NOT) IN RESPECT OF THE SAME EMPLOYEE FOR THAT YEAR. 88. INITIAL CONTRIBUTIONS.-SUBJECT TO ANY CONDITION WHICH THE BOARD MAY THINK FIT TO SPECIFY UNDER CLAUSE (IV) OF SUB-SECTION I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 20 OF 22 (1) OF SECTION 36, THE AMOUNT TO BE ALLOWED AS A DE DUCTION ON ACCOUNT OF AN INITIAL CONTRIBUTION WHICH AN EMPLOYE R MAY MAKE IN RESPECT OF THE PAST SERVICES OF AN EMPLOYEE ADMITTED TO THE BENEFITS OF A FUND SHALL NOT EXCEED TWENTY-F IVE PER CENT OF THE EMPLOYEE'S SALARY FOR EACH YEAR OF HIS PAST SERVICE WITH THE EMPLOYER AS REDUCED BY THE EMPLOYER'S CONTRIBUT ION, IF ANY, TO ANY PROVIDENT FUND (WHETHER RECOGNISED OR N OT) IN RESPECT OF THAT EMPLOYEE FOR EACH SUCH YEAR.' 10. WHAT FOLLOWS IS THAT, IN TERMS OF THE ABOVE PRO VISIONS, A CONTRIBUTION TO APPROVED SUPERANNUATION FUND IS DED UCTIBLE IN PRINCIPLE AS LONG AS THE QUANTUM OF THE SAID CONTRI BUTION DOES NOT EXCEED THE PRESCRIBED LIMITS. THE LIMITS ARE, HOWEV ER, PRESCRIBED ONLY FOR THE INITIAL CONTRIBUTION AND ORDINARY ANNU AL CONTRIBUTION TO THE FUND. AS A COROLLARY TO THESE LIMITS HAVING BEE N PRESCRIBED, AMOUNTS PAID IN EXCESS OF SUCH LIMITS, TOWARDS INIT IAL CONTRIBUTION AND FOR ORDINARY ANNUAL CONTRIBUTION, ARE NOT ALLOW ED AS DEDUCTION. THAT IS THE ONLY LIMITATION FOR QUANTUM OF DEDUCTIO N UNDER SECTION 36(1)(IV). HOWEVER, IT IS NOT IN DISPUTE THAT THE A MOUNTS PAID IN EXCESS OF THE 27% OF SALARIES OF THE EMPLOYEES, ARE NEITHER TOWARDS THE ORDINARY ANNUAL CONTRIBUTION NOR TOWARDS THE IN ITIAL CONTRIBUTION. THIS PAYMENT HAS BEEN NECESSITATED DU E TO SHORTFALL DISCOVERED IN THE COURSE OF ACTUARIAL VALUATION OF THE FUND, AND IS IN THE NATURE OF A ONE TIME EXCEPTIONAL PAYMENT TO ENS URE THAT THE SUPERANNUATION FUND IS ABLE TO DISCHARGE ITS OBLIGA TION. ITS NEITHER AN ANNUAL CONTRIBUTION, NOR AN ORDINARY CONTRIBUTIO N. LIMITATIONS PLACED UNDER RULE 87 RELEVANT FOR 'ORDINARY ANNUAL CONTRIBUTION', AS HAVE BEEN INVOKED IN THIS CASE, CANNOT BE PRESSED I NTO SERVICE IN SUCH A CASE. IN OUR CONSIDERED VIEW, THE DISALLOWAN CE UNDER SECTION 36(1)(IV) READ WITH RULE 87 DO NOT COME INTO PLAY I N THE CASE OF A PAYMENT TO MAKE GOOD THE SHORTFALL, ON THE BASIS OF ACTUARIAL VALUATION, IN THE SUPERANNUATION FUND. IN THIS VIEW OF THE MATTER, THE VERY FOUNDATION OF THE IMPUGNED DISALLOWANCE DI D NOT HAVE LEGALLY SUSTAINABLE BASIS; THE AMOUNT WAS DEDUCTIBL E, IN PRINCIPLE. UNDER SECTION 36(1)(IV) AND THE RESTRICTION ON DEDU CTIBILITY, AS SET OUT IN THE SAID SECTION AS ALSO IN RULE 87, DID NOT APPLY IN THIS CASE. THE CONCLUSIONS ARRIVED AT BY THE CIT(A), THOUGH FO R THE REASONS OTHER THAN THE REASONS ADOPTED BY THE CIT(A), ARE C ORRECT AND DO NOT CALL FOR ANY INTERFERENCE. 44. IT IS MANIFEST FROM THE RELEVANT PORTION OF THE ORDER OF THE TRIBUNAL PASSED IN THE CASE OF GLAXO SMITHKLINE PHARMACEUTIC ALS (SUPRA) THAT A SIMILAR CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE FOR DEDUCTION ON ACCO UNT OF ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION PAID TO PENSION FUND IN THE SIMILAR FA CTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES HAS BEEN ALLOWED BY THE TRIBUNAL AFTER TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION THE RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF SECTION 36(1)(IV) AS WELL AS THE RELEVANT RULES, I.E. RULES 87 & 88 OF THE INCOME TAX RULES, 1962. THE LD . D.R., HOWEVER, HAS I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. NO. 1414/KOL/2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2004-2005 PAGE 21 OF 22 CONTENDED THAT THE RELEVANT ASPECT AS TO WHETHER TH E PAYMENT MADE BY THE ASSESSEE IS WITHIN THE LIMITS SPECIFIED IN THE RELEVANT RULE OR NOT REQUIRES VERIFICATION AS THIS ASPECT HAD NOT BEEN V ERIFIED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER. ACCORDINGLY, WE DECIDE THIS ISSUE IN FAVOU R OF THE ASSESSEE IN PRINCIPLE BY FOLLOWING THE DECISION OF THE COORDINA TE BENCH OF THIS TRIBUNAL IN THE CASE OF GLAXO SMITHKLINE PHARMACEUT ICALS (SUPRA) AND RESTORE THE MATTER TO THE FILE OF THE ASSESSING OFF ICER FOR THE LIMITED PURPOSE OF VERIFYING AS TO WHETHER THE AMOUNT PAID BY THE ASSESSEE TO PENSION FUND IS WITHIN THE LIMITS SPECIFIED IN THE RELEVANT RULES. SUBJECT TO THIS DIRECTION, GROUND NO. 8 OF THE ASSESSEES A PPEAL FOR A.Y. 2004-05 IS TREATED AS ALLOWED. 45. THE ISSUE RAISED IN GROUND NO. 9 OF THE ASSESSE ES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2004-05 RELATING TO THE DISALLOWANCE MADE ON ACCOUN T OF PROVISION FOR WARRANTY IS SIMILAR TO THE ONE INVOLVED IN GROUND N O. 2 OF THE ASSESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2003-04, WHICH HAS BEEN DECIDED IN THE FOREGOING PORTION OF THIS ORDER. FOLLOWING OUR CONCLUSION DRAWN IN A. Y. 2003-04 ON SIMILAR ISSUE, WE DECIDE THIS ISSUE IN PRINCIPLE IN FAVOUR OF THE ASSESSEE WITH A DIRECTION TO THE ASSESSING OFFICER TO ALLOW THE CLA IM OF THE ASSESSEE FOR PROVISION FOR WARRANTY AFTER VERIFYING THAT THE PRO VISION SO MADE IS REASONABLE AND ON SCIENTIFIC BASIS. GROUND NO. 9 OF THE ASSESSEES APPEAL FOR A.Y. 2004-05 IS ACCORDINGLY TREATED AS ALLOWED. 46. IN THE RESULT, THE APPEAL OF THE ASSESSEE FOR A .Y. 2003-04 BEING ITA NO. 1414/KOL/2007 IS PARTLY ALLOWED. 47. TO SUM UP, BOTH THE APPEALS FILED THE ASSESSEE ARE PARTLY ALLOWED AS INDICATED ABOVE. ORDER PRONOUNCED IN THE OPEN COURT ON JANUARY 20, 2016. SD/- SD/- (S.S. VISWANETHRA RAVI) (P.M. JAGTAP) JUDICIAL MEMBER ACCOUNTANT MEMBER KOLKATA, THE 20 TH DAY OF JANUARY, 2016 I.T.A. NO. 189/KOL./2007 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2003-2004 & I.T.A. 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