PANJIT BASAK, Kolkata V. ITO, Kolkata

ITA 358/KOL/2023

AI Insights

The case involves an appeal by the assessee, Panjit Basak, against the order of the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) - NFAC, Delhi, which upheld the additions made by the Assessing Officer under the Income Tax Act for the Assessment Year 2017-18. The Assessing Officer had initially selected the case for limited scrutiny under CASS due to issues related to cash withdrawals. However, during the assessment, the Assessing Officer made additions based on undisclosed sales, which were not part of the limited scrutiny issues, and did so without converting the scrutiny to complete and without the necessary higher-level approval as mandated by CBDT instructions. The Tribunal, referencing various judicial precedents and CBDT circulars, found the additions made by the Assessing Officer to be beyond his jurisdiction and thus quashed the assessment order.

• Counselvise Citation: [2023] 140 COUNSELVISE.COM (IT) 128726 (ITAT-KOLKATA)
• Duration Of Justice: 3 month(s) 5 day(s)
• Appeal Type: Income Tax Appeal
• Pronouncement Date: 17-07-2023
• Appeal Filed By: Assessee
• Order Result: Allowed
• Bench Allotted: SMC
• Next Hearing Date: 27-06-2023
• Assessment Year: 2017-2018
• Appeal Filed On: 11-04-2023
• Other Referred Cases: National Thermal Power Co. Ltd. vs. CIT, Sukhdham Infrastructures LLP Vs. ITO, Urban Improvement Co. (P) Ltd. Vs. ITO, ACIT, Circle- 25(2), New Delhi vs Trehan Promoters and Builders Pvt. Ltd., JDB Finance vs. DCIT, Dev Milk Foods Pvt. Ltd., Amal Kumar Ghosh, Paya Kumari, CBS International Projects Pvt. Ltd. Vs ACIT, New Delhi, Best Plastics Pvt. Ltd., UCO Bank Vs CIT
• Laws Referred To: Income Tax Act
• Result in Favour of: Assessee
• Court: TRIBUNAL
• Keywords: Principle of natural justice; Date of conversion; Reasonable cause; Competent authority; Assessment record; Condonation of delay; Set aside
• Section: 143(3); 142(1); 143(2); 13; 22

Judgement Text

आयकर अपीलीय अधिकरण कोलकाता 'एसएमसी' पीठ, कोलकाता म ें IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL KOLKATA ‘SMC’ BENCH, KOLKATA श्री राज े श क ु मार, ल े खा सदस्य एवं श्री संजय शमा ा , न्याधयक सदस्य क े समक्ष Before SRI RAJESH KUMAR, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER & SONJOY SARMA, JUDICIAL MEMBER I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak.............................................................Appellant [PAN: ADVPB 1864 H] Vs. ITO, Ward-2(4), Raiganj.........................................Respondent Appearances by: Sh. Mahadev Ghosh, Adv., appeared on behalf of the Assessee. Sh. Vijay Kumar, Addl. CIT, Sr. DR, appeared on behalf of the Revenue. Date of concluding the hearing : June 28 th , 2023 Date of pronouncing the order : July 18 th , 2023 ORDER Per Rajesh Kumar, Accountant Member: This is an appeal preferred by the assessee against the order of Learned Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals)-NFAC, Delhi [hereinafter referred to Ld. ‘CIT(A)’] dated 25.01.2023 for the Assessment Year (in short “AY”) 2017-18. The various grounds raised by the assessee are as follows: I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 2 of 22 “1. That on the facts and circumstances of the case for the A.Y. 2017- 18 was selected for scrutiny assessment under the ‘Limited Scrutiny’ under CASS (Computer Aided Scrutiny Selection) for verification of ‘Cash withdrawal’. 1a. That on the facts and circumstances of case, the Assessing Officer, Ward- 2(4), Raigang illegally making enquiry in points other than ‘Limited Scrutiny’ and made the additions to the tune of ₹ 28,43,478/- other than CASS subject matter (cash withdrawal). The Assessing Officer, Ward- 2(4), Raiganj travelled beyond his jurisdiction to frame the assessment order, for which the assessment order is bad-in-law and liable to be quashed. 1b. That the Assessing Officer Ward - 2(4), Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur made the additions to the tune of T 28,43,478/- in the point other than ‘Limited Scrutiny’ cannot be sustained in the eye of the law in absence of obtaining the prior approval from the Ld. Pr. CIT/CIT as directed by the CBDT Instruction no: 20/2015 dated 29th. December 2015. The assessment order passed by the Assessing Officer Ward - 2(4), Raiganj is illegal, bad-in-law, void-ab-initio. 1c. That the facts and circumstances of the case, Assessing Officer, Ward - 2(4), Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur violating the CBDT Instruction in respect ‘Limited Scrutiny’ assessment, and passed the assessment order beyond his jurisdiction is illegal, arbitrarily, bad-in-law, void- ab-initio and liable to be quashed. 2. That on the facts and circumstances of the case the Ld. CIT (appeals) National Face Less Appeal Centre (NFAC) has erred to ignore the fact that the assessing officer has added back an amount of 28,43,478/- on the issues other than issue raised in the ‘Limited Scrutiny ‘assessment in this case violating CBDT’s instruction no 20/2015 dated the 29th December, 2015. Hence the addition is bad in law, not Sustainable in the eye of the law and liable to be deleted. 3. That the Ld. CIT(Appeals) National Face Less Appeal Centre (NFAC) has erred to dispose of the appeal by not keeping in mind that the CBDT has clarified in the instruction no. 20/2015 dated the 29th December, 2015 that in course of proceedings in the ‘Limited Scrutiny’ cases if it comes to notice of assessing officer that there is potential escapement of income, exceeding Rs. 5 Lakhs other than metro charges requiring substantial verification on other issue(s) then the case may be taken up for complete scrutiny with the written approval of Pr. CIT/CIT after being his satisfaction. And in that circumstances I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 3 of 22 that particular case shall be monitored by the Range Head Concerned. As there is no approval obtained from the concerned higher authority, the assessment order is not sustainable in the eye of the law, bad in law, void -ab-initio and liable to be quashed. 4. That the assessee filed his Return of Income with Tax Audit Report. The Assessing Officer, Ward -2(4), Raiganj without rejecting the books of accounts, passed the assessment order. The action of the Assessing Officer is illegal, arbitrarily, bad-in-law, void-ab-initio and liable to be quashed. 5. That the appellant craves leave to amend, add alter and/or withdraw any ground or grounds of appeal at the time of hearing and /or before disposal of appeal.” 1.1. The assessee has also raised the following additional ground of appeal: “1. That the Assessing Officer Ward - 2(4), Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur made the additions to the tune of T 28,43,478/- in the point other than ‘Limited Scrutiny’ cannot be sustained in the eye of the law in absence of obtaining the prior approval from the Ld. Pr. CIT/CIT as directed by the CBDT Instruction, vide F. No. 225/402/2018/ITA.II dated 28.11.2018 The assessment order passed by the Assessing Officer Ward -2(4), Raiganj is illegal, bad-in-law, void-ab-initio.” 2. At the outset, we notice that the appeal filed by the assessee is barred by limitation by 17 days. The assessee has also filed the application for condonation of delay along with affidavit of Sh. Panjit Basak dated 12.04.2023. A perusal of the said affidavit reveals that the reason for delay in filing of appeal is the location of the assessee in a very remote village named Ramganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal. According to him the Advocates are not available who argue the matters before the ITAT and this is the sole reason for the delay in filing of the appeal. After hearing both the I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 4 of 22 parties and the reasons stated before us, we are of the view that there is a reasonable cause for late filing of appeal. Accordingly, we condone the delay and adjudicate the issue in the following paras. 3. The issue raised in the first ground of appeal is against the order of Ld. CIT(A) upholding the order of Assessing Officer (in short ld. 'AO') wherein Ld. AO has made addition over stepping and going beyond his jurisdiction on the ground that the case was selected for limited scrutiny and the addition was made on account of gross profit which was not the subject matter of the limited scrutiny and that too without converting the limited scrutiny into complete scrutiny. 4. The facts in brief are that the assessee filed return of income on 29.03.2018 showing total income of Rs. 5,89,430/-. The assessee is engaged in the business of wholesale of paddy and other agricultural products from Ramganj, PO- Ramganj under the District-Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal. The case of the assessee was selected for limited scrutiny under CASS on the ground of huge cash withdrawal. The statutory notices were issued and duly served upon the assessee. Ld. AO noted from the bank statement that there were credits of Rs. 7,84,62,187/- in the bank accounts whereas in the trading account he had shown sales of Rs. 1,29,44,244/- and as such the sales of Rs. 6,55,17,943/- were undisclosed. Accordingly, Ld. AO issued a show cause notice to the assessee on 05.12.2019 to explain as to why the undisclosed income should not be calculated @ 4.34% of the undisclosed/suppressed sale of Rs. 6,55,17,943/- which comes to Rs. 28,43,478/-. The said show cause notice was replied by the I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 5 of 22 assessee by submitting that the assessee furnished all the accounts duly audited according to which the sales were Rs. 7,80,20,428/- and how this figure of Rs. 1,29,44,244/- has been substituted in place of turnover is not in the know of the assessee. However, the profit derived from the business of Rs. 5,61,704/- was correctly shown. Finally Ld. AO added Rs. 28,43,278/- to the income of the assessee in the assessment framed u/s 143(3) of the Act dated 24.12.2019 calculated @ 4.34% on the suppressed sale of Rs. 6,55,17,943/- without converting the limited scrutiny into complete scrutiny. 5. The said technical issue was not raised before Ld. CIT(A) and this was raised for the first time before us. This being a technical issue and all the facts qua the said issue are available on record and also in the paperbook filed by the assessee and thus, requires further verification of facts. Therefore, we are inclined to admit the same for adjudication by relying on the decision of National Thermal Power Co. Ltd. vs. CIT (1998) 229 ITR 383 (SC). 6. The Ld. A/R prima facie submitted before the Bench that the case of the assessee was selected for the limited scrutiny and the fact has been mentioned in the assessment order itself that the scrutiny was selected under CASS for the reason of cash withdrawals during the FY 2016-17. Ld. A/R submitted that however, during the course of assessment proceedings Ld. AO exceeded his jurisdiction by trespassing into those issues which were not the subject matter of the limited scrutiny. Ld. A/R contended that Ld. AO during the course of assessment proceedings noticed from the bank statement of the assessee with I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 6 of 22 SBI, Kaliganj that the total credit entries were Rs. 7,84,62,187/- whereas in the trading account the assessee has shown the sales of Rs. 1,29,44,244/- only and as such the sales amounting to Rs. 6,55,17,943/- were found to be not disclosed or suppressed. Ld. A/R submitted that Ld. AO added a sum of Rs. 28,43,478/- to the income of the assessee by estimating the suppressed income @ 4.34% for those undisclosed sales of Rs. 6,55,17,943/-. The main thrust of Ld. A/R was that since the issue on which the addition was made was not the subject matter of the limited scrutiny, therefore, Ld. AO has apparently crossed the boundaries without seeking any approval from the competent authority to convert the limited scrutiny into complete scrutiny and therefore, the assessment framed is in violation of the CBDT Circular No. 5/2016 dated 14.07.2016. Ld. A/R in support of his arguments relied on the decision of Coordinate Benches namely: a) Sukhdham Infrastructures LLP Vs. ITO, Ward-40(2), Kolkata. ITA No. 2611/Kol/2019 b) Urban Improvement Co. (P) Ltd. Vs. ITO, Ward - 27(2) New Delhi. ITA No: 7496/Del/2019, AY 2015-16. c) ACIT, Circle- 25(2), New Delhi vs Trehan Promoters and Builders Pvt. Ltd. ITA No. 9872/Del/2019 & CO No. 9/Del/2020 d) JDB Finance vs. DCIT. ITAT No. 127/Gau/2019, AY 2014-15 7. Ld. A/R submitted that in all these decisions, the Coordinate Benches have held that the addition made by Ld. AO without converting the limited scrutiny into complete scrutiny after obtaining the permission of the competent authority by following I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 7 of 22 the procedure laid down in the CBDT Circular No. 5/2016 dated 14.07.2016 is invalid and has to be quashed. Ld. A/R accordingly, prayed that the appeal of the assessee may be allowed on this additional ground by quashing the assessment framed by Ld. AO. 8. Ld. D/R on the other hand heavily relied on the orders of the authorities below by submitting that Ld. AO has made addition by estimating the income of the assessee @ 4.34% on suppressed sales which is on account of non-disclosure of sales which was found to be credited in the bank account of the assessee held with SBI, Kaliganj and therefore, the appeal of the assessee cannot be allowed on this ground that Ld. AO has made addition which was not on account of withdrawals of cash. Ld. D/R, therefore, prayed that the additional ground raised by the assessee may kindly be dismissed. 9. We have heard rival contentions and perused the material available on record. The undisputed facts are that the case of the assessee was selected for limited scrutiny under CASS and statutory notices were issued and duly served upon the assessee. The reason for which the case of the assessee was selected for limited scrutiny was cash withdrawals during FY 2016-17. We note that during the course of assessment proceedings the said issue was not discussed at all, however, Ld. AO examined the issue of suppression of sales by the assessee on the basis of bank account maintained with SBI, Kaliganj and found that the turnover of the assessee was only Rs. 1,29,44,244/- as against the total credits in the bank account amounting to Rs. 7,84,62,187/-. Accordingly, Ld. AO estimated the income @ 4.34% of the undisclosed sales of I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 8 of 22 Rs. 6,25,17,943/- which is apparently and arguably not the issue in the limited scrutiny. In our opinion, the said action of Ld. AO is in violation of the CBDT Circular No. 5/2016 dated 14.07.2016 which provides for the procedure to be followed for conversion of limited scrutiny into the complete scrutiny. In our opinion, the action of Ld. AO is not sustainable as the same is in violation of the said circular. 10. The case of the assessee finds support from the judicial decisions passed by the Coordinate Benches as discussed above. In the case of Sukhdham Infrastructures LLP (supra) the Coordinate Bench held as under: “8. After hearing the rival contentions and perusing the material on record, and also notice dated 143(2) dated 28.07.2016 issued for limited scrutiny covering four issues namely) Interest expenses, ii) Income from Real Estate Business, iii) Sales Turnover mismatch and iv) Other expenses claimed in the profit and loss a/c and also subsequent notice issued u/s 142(1) dated 20.02.2017 called for information on secured and unsecured loan deposits, we find that there is no dispute that even prior to conversion of limited scrutiny to complete scrutiny on 14.12.2017 the AO has started enquiries during the year even prior to that date which is evident from the notice dated 20.02.2017 wherein the information/details were called for qua secured and unsecured loans. Thus this is not in dispute that though the limited scrutiny was converted into complete scrutiny on 14.12.2017 and order was passed on 20.12.2017 whereas the issue in respect of secured and unsecured loans were enquired and examined by the AO much prior to that date. In our view this is incomplete disregard of the Instruction No. 5/2016 issued by CBDT on 14.07.2016 which provides that while proposing to take up complete scrutiny which was fixed for limited scrutiny, the AO shall form a reasonable view that there is a possibility of under-assessment of income if the case is not examined under complete scrutiny and that plea has to be on the existence of the credible material not merely on suspicion and conjecture or unreliable sources. We note that the instruction provide that there has to be a direct nexus between the I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 9 of 22 available material and formation of such view. The relevant part of the instruction are reproduced as under: 2. In order to ensure that maximum objectivity is maintained in converting a case falling under Limited Scrutiny' into a 'Complete Scrutiny' case, the matter has been further examined and in partial modification to Para 3(d) of the earlier order dated 29.12.2015, Board hereby lays down that while proposing to take up 'Complete Scrutiny' in a case which was originally earmarked for 'Limited Scrutiny', the Assessing Officer ('AO') shall be required to form a reasonable view that there is possibility of under assessment of income if the case is not examined under 'Complete Scrutiny'. In this regard, the monetary limits and requirement of administrative approval from Pr. CIT/CIT/Pr. DIT/DIT, as prescribed in Para 3(d) of earlier Instruction dated 29.12.2015, shall continue to remain applicable. 3. Further, while forming the reasonable view, the Assessing Officer would ensure that: a. there exists credible material or information available on record for forming such view; b. this reasonable view should not be based on mere suspicion, conjecture or unreliable source; and c. there must be a direct nexus between the available material and formation of such view. 4. It is further clarified that in cases under 'Limited Scrutiny', the scrutiny assessment proceedings would initially be confined only to issues under 'Limited Scrutiny' and questionnaires, enquiry, investigation etc. would be restricted to such issues. Only upon conversion of case to 'Complete * Scrutiny' after following the procedure outlined above, the AO may examine the additional issues besides the issue(s) involved in 'Limited Scrutiny'. The AO shall also expeditiously intimate the taxpayer concerned regarding conducting 'Complete Scrutiny' in such cases. Instruction no. 4 provides only complete scrutiny after following the procedure laid down above and the AO may examine the additional issues besides the issue involved in limited scrutiny and AO shall also expeditiously conducted complete scrutiny in such cases. We note that in the present case there has been a complete violation of the Circular issued by the CBDT. The case of the assessee finds support from the I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 10 of 22 decision of Co-ordinate Bench of Delhi in the case of Dev Milk Foods Pvt. Ltd. (supra) wherein it has been held as under: 6.0 We have heard the rival submissions and have also perused the material on record. After considering the entire factual matrix we first deal with the primary arguments of the Ld. Authorized Representative that the conversion of the case from limited scrutiny to completer scrutiny was not legally valid. The subject of conversion of case from limited scrutiny to complete scrutiny has been dealt with in CBDT Instruction No.5/2016 which is being reproduced herein under for the sake of convenience: “2. In order to ensure that maximum objectivity is maintained in converting a case falling under ‘Limited Scrutiny’ into a ‘Complete Scrutiny’ case, the matter has been further examined and in partial modification to Para 3(d) of the earlier order dated 29.12.2015, Board hereby lays down that while proposing to take up ‘Complete Scrutiny’ in a case which was originally earmarked for ‘Limited Scrutiny’, the Assessing Officer (‘AO’) shall be required to form a reasonable view that there is possibility of under assessment of income if the case is not examined under ‘Complete Scrutiny’. In this regard, the monetary limits and requirement of administrative approval from Pr. CIT/CIT/Pr. DIT/DIT, as prescribed in Para 3(d) of earlier Instruction dated 29.12.2015, shall continue to remain applicable. 3. Further, while forming the reasonable view, the Assessing Officer would ensure that: a. there exists credible material or information available on record for forming such view; b. this reasonable view should not be based on mere suspicion, conjecture or unreliable source; and c. there must be a direct nexus between the available material and formation of such view. 6. To ensure proper monitoring in cases which have been converted from ‘Limited Scrutiny’ to ‘Complete Scrutiny’, it is suggested, that provisions of section 144A of the Act may be invoked in suitable cases. To prevent possibility of fishing and roving enquiries in such cases, it is desirable that these cases should invariably be picked up while conducting Review or Inspection by the administrative authorities. I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 11 of 22 7. The above Instruction shall be applicable from the date of its issue and would cover the cases selected under CASS 2015 which are pending scrutiny cases as well as cases selected/being selected under the CASS 2016.” 6.1 Earlier preceding instruction in this regard was 20/2015 which states as under: “Instruction No. 20/2015 Government of India Ministry of Finance Department of Revenue Central Board of Direct Taxes North Block, New Delhi, the 29th of December, 2015 Subject: Scrutiny Assessments-some important issues and scope of scrutiny in cases selected through Computer Aided Scrutiny Selection ('CASS')-reg .- The Central Board of Direct Taxes ('CBDT'), vide Instruction No. 7/2014dated 26 09.2014 had clarified the extent of enquiry in certain category of cases specified therein, which are selected for scrutiny through CASS. Further clarifications have been sought regarding the scope and applicability of the aforesaid Instruction to cases being scrutinized. 2. In order to facilitate the conduct of scrutiny assessments and to bring further clarity on some of the issues emerging from the aforesaid Instruction, following clarifications are being made. i Year of applicability : As stated in the Instruction No. 7/2014 , the said Instruction is applicable only in respect of the cases selected for scrutiny through CASS-2014 ii Whether the said Instruction is applicable to all cases selected under CASS : The said Instruction is applicable where the case is selected for scrutiny under CASS only on the parameter(s ) of AIR/CIB/26AS data . If a case has been selected under CASS for any other I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 12 of 22 reason(s)/parameter (s) besides the AIR /CIB/26AS data, then the said Instruction would not apply. iii Scope of Enquiry : Specific issue based enquiry is to be conducted only in those scrutiny cases which have been selected on the parameter(s ) of AIR/CIB/26AS data .In such cases, the Assessing Officer, shall also confine the Questionnaire only to the specific issues pertaining to AIR/CIB/26AS data. Wider scrutiny in these cases can only be conducted as per the guidelines and procedures stated in Instruction No. 7/2014. iv Reason for selection: In cases under scrutiny for verification of AIR/CIB/26AS data , the Assessing Officer has to intimate the reason for selection of case for scrutiny to the assessee concerned. 3. As far as the returns selected for scrutiny through CASS-2015 are concerned, two type of cases have been selected for scrutiny in the current Financial Year - one is 'Limited Scrutiny' and other is ‘Complete Scrutiny’. The assessees concerned have duly been intimated about their cases falling either in 'Limited Scrutiny' or 'Complete Scrutiny' through notices issued under section 143(2) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 ('Act'). The procedure for handling 'Limited Scrutiny' cases shall be as under: a. In 'Limited Scrutiny 'cases, the reasons/issues shall be forthwith communicated to the assessee concerned. b. The Questionnaire under section 142(1) of the Act in 'Limited Scrutiny 'cases shall remain confined only to the specific reasons/issues for which case has been picked up for scrutiny. Further, the scope of enquiry shall be restricted to the 'Limited Scrutiny ' issues. c. These cases shall be completed expeditiously in a limited number of hearings. d. During the course of assessment proceedings in ' Limited Scrutiny ' cases, if it comes to the notice of the Assessing Officer that there is potential escapement of income exceeding Rs. five lakhs (for metro charges, the monetary limit shall be Rs. ten lakhs) requiring substantial verification on any other issue(s), then, the case may be taken up for 'Complete Scrutiny 'with the approval of the Pr. CIT/CIT concerned. However, such an approval shall be accorded by the by the Pr. CIT/CIT in writing after being satisfied about merits of the I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 13 of 22 issue(s) necessitating 'Complete Scrutiny' in that particular case. Such cases shall be monitored by the Range Head concerned. The procedure indicated at points (a), (b) and (c) above shall no longer remain binding in such cases. (For the present purpose, 'Metro charges' would mean Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad). 4. The Board further desires that in all cases under scrutiny, where the Assessing Officer proposes to make additions or disallowances, the assessee would be given a fair opportunity to explain his position on the proposed additions/disallowances in accordance with the principle of natural justice. In this regard, the Assessing Officer shall issue an appropriate show-cause notice duly indicating the reasons for the proposed additions/disallowances along with necessary evidences/ reasons forming the basis of the same. Before passing the final order against the proposed additions/disallowances due consideration shall be given to the submissions made by the assessee in response to the show cause notice. 5. The contents of this Instruction should be immediately brought to the notice of all concerned for strict compliance. 6. Hindi version to follow.” 6.2 We have also gone through the CBDT letter bearing No. DGITVIF/HQ SI/2017-18 dated 30.11.2017 which states that the idea behind such stipulation was to enforce checks and balances upon the power of the Assessing Officer to do fishing and roving enquiries in cases selected for limited scrutiny etc. In this very letter, the CBDT has also highlighted the aspect of cryptic order sheet entries which according to the CBDT shows irresponsible, ad hoc and indisciplined working of an Officer of the Department. A perusal of the aforesaid instructions would show that the objective behind the issuance of these instructions is (i) to prevent possibility of fishing and roving enquiries; (ii) ensure maximum objectivity; and (iii) to enforce checks and balances upon the powers of an Assessing Officer. 6.3 We have also gone through the proposal drafted by the Assessing Officer on 05.10.2017 for converting the case from limited scrutiny to complete scrutiny. This reads as under: “....4. In this regard it may be mentioned here that the assessee has shown a short term capital loss on sale of shares purchased on09.07.2014 and sold on 15.02.2015 . The purchase price of the I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 14 of 22 shares has been stated at Rs 499,98,440 and sale price has been mentioned at Rs 79,03,676. The resultant loss of Rs 420,94,764 has been set off by the assessee against long term capital gains. This transaction appears to be suspicious in nature and probably this loss has been created to reduce the incidence of tax on long term capital gains discussed in para 3. This issue needs to be thoroughly examined to ascertain the genuineness of this loss” 6.4 We have also through the original order sheet entries, as were present in the assessment records and which had been submitted for our perusal by the Ld. Sr. Departmental Representative under our directions and it shows that there is not an iota of any cogent material mentioned by the Assessing Officer which enabled him to have reached the conclusion that this case was a fit case for conversion from limited scrutiny to complete scrutiny. We have also gone through the statement of assessee’s Director Mr. Rohit Verma which was recorded on 18.07.2017 i.e., after the conversion of the case and even in his statement nothing adverse is coming out vis. a vis. the impugned transactions. If the proposal of the Assessing Officer dated 05.10.2017 and the approval of the Ld. Pr. Commissioner of Income Tax dated 10.10.2017 are examined on the anvil of paragraph 3 of CBDT Instruction No.5/2016, it is very much clear that no reasonable view is formed as mandated in the said CBDT InstructionNo.5/2016 in an objective manner and secondly merely suspicion and inference is the foundation of the view of the Assessing Officer. We also note that there is no direct nexus brought on record by the Assessing Officer in the said proposal and, therefore, it is very much apparent that the proposal of converting the limited scrutiny to complete scrutiny aimed at making fishing enquiries. We also note that the Ld. Pr. Commissioner of Income Tax has accorded the approval in a mere mechanical manner which is in clear violation of the CBDT InstructionsNo.20/2015. 6.5 The Hon’ble Calcutta High Court in the case of Amal Kumar Ghosh reported in 361 ITR 458 (Cal.) discussed the purpose behind the CBDT Circulars. The relevant observations of the Hon’ble Calcutta High Court are as under: “.....Mrs. Gutgutia, learned Advocate submitted that the circulars are not meant for the purpose of permitting the unscrupulous assessees from evading tax. Even assuming, that to be so, it cannot be said that the department, which is State, can be permitted to selectively apply the standards set by themselves for their own conduct. If this type of I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 15 of 22 deviation is permitted, the consequences will be that floodgate of corruption will be opened which it is not desirable to encourage. When the department has set down a standard for itself, the department is bound by that standard and cannot act with discrimination. In case, it does that, the act of the department is bound to be struck down under Article 14 of the Constitution. In the facts of the case, it is not necessary for us to decide whether the intention of CBDT was to restrict the period of issuance of notice from the date of filing the return laid down under section 143(2) of the I.T. Act.” 6.6 The Co-ordinate bench of ITAT at Chandigarh in the case of Paya Kumari in ITA No.23/Chd/2011, vide order dated 24.02.2011, has held that even Section 292 BB of the Act cannot save the infirmity arising from infraction of CBDT Instructions dealing with the subject of scrutiny assessments where assessment has been framed in direct conflict with the guidelines issued by the CBDT. 6.7 Therefore, on an overall view of the factual matrix as well as settled judicial position, we are of the considered opinion that the instant conversion of the case from limited scrutiny to complete scrutiny cannot be upheld as the same is found to be in total violation of CBDT Instructions No.5/2016. Accordingly, it is our considered opinion that the entire assessment proceedings do not have any feet to stand on. Therefore, we hold the assessment order to be nullity and we quash the same.” 9. Similarly the Co-ordinate Bench of Chandigarh in the case of Shri Vijay Kumar (supra) wherein it has been held as under: “3. The main contention of the Ld. Counsel for the assessee is that the Assessing Officer while making the impugned additions has exceeded his jurisdiction. That the case of the assessee was selected for limited scrutiny issue i.e. regarding security transaction. The Assessing Officer could not find any reason to make any addition in respect of issue for which the limited scrutiny was done. However, the Assessing officer made the certain other additions for which the Assessing Officer did not have any jurisdiction. 4. The Ld. D.R has been fair enough to admit that the impugned additions have been made by the Assessing Officer on certain other issues, whereas, the case of the assessee was selected for the purpose of limited scrutiny relating to security transactions.” I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 16 of 22 Considering the facts of the assessee’s case and also the ratio laid down drawn in the above decisions and also the CBDT Instruction No. 5/2016, we are of the considered view that the AO has exceeded his jurisdiction in enquiring into those issues beyond the scope of limited scrutiny even prior to the date of conversion which is in clear violation of mandate given by CBDT in the said Circular and has been held by the Co-ordinate Bench of Delhi in the case of Dev Milk Foods Pvt. Ltd. (supra) to be bad in law. We note that CBDT has in para 4 of the said instruction clarified that in a limited scrutiny, the scrutiny assessment proceedings would initially be confined only to issues and questionnaire, enquiry, investigation etc. would be restricted to such issues in the limited scrutiny. Only upon conversion of such case to complete scrutiny after following the procedure laid down as stated, the AO may examine the issues other than the issues involved in the limited scrutiny but in the present case the procedures were not followed and assessment was conducted in violation of this Instruction. In our opinion, the order passed by the AO is bad in law and cannot be sustained for the said reason. Accordingly we quash the assessment order as nullity and bad in law. Issue raised by the assessee in ground no. 1 is allowed.” 11. In the case of Urban Improvement Co. (P) Ltd. (supra) the Coordinate Bench has held as under: “10. We find that the instructions of CBDT are very clear for examination of issue other than the reasons taken up in limited scrutiny case. The instructions of the CBDT are as under: INSTRUCTION NO. 20/2015 Government of India Ministry of Finance Department of Revenue Central Board of Direct Taxes North Block, New Delhi, the 29th of December, 2015 Subject: Scrutiny Assessments-some important issues and scope of scrutiny in cases selected through Computer Aided Scrutiny Selection ('CASSj-reg .- The Central Board of Direct Taxes ('CBDTj, vide Instruction No. 7/2014 dated 26-9-2014 had clarified the extent of enquiry in certain category of cases specified therein, which are selected for scrutiny through CASS. Further clarifications have been sought regarding the I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 17 of 22 scope and applicability of the aforesaid Instruction to cases being scrutinized. 2. In order to facilitate the conduct of scrutiny assessments and to bring further clarity on some of the issues emerging from the aforesaid Instruction, following clarifications are being made: i. Year of applicability: As stated in the Instruction No. 7/2014, the said Instruction is applicable only in respect of the cases selected for scrutiny through CASS-2014. ii. Whether the said Instruction is applicable to all cases selected under CASS: The said Instruction is applicable where the case is selected for scrutiny under CASS only on the parameter(s) of AIR/CIB/26AS data. If a case has been selected under CASS for any other reason(s)/parameter(s) besides the AIR/CIB/26AS data, then the said Instruction would not apply. iii. Scope of Enquiry: Specific issue based enquiry is to be conducted only in those scrutiny cases which have been selected on the parameter(s) of AIR/CIB/26AS data. In such cases, the Assessing Officer, shall also confine the Questionnaire only to the specific issues pertaining to AIR/CIB/26AS data. Wider scrutiny in these cases can only be conducted as per the guidelines and procedures stated in Instruction No. 7/2014. iv. Reason for selection: In cases under scrutiny for verification of AIR/CIB/26AS data, the Assessing Officer has to intimate the reason for selection of case for scrutiny to the assessee concerned. 3. As far as the returns selected for scrutiny through CASS-2015 are concerned, two type of cases have been selected for scrutiny in the current Financial Year- one is 'Limited Scrutiny' and other is 'Complete Scrutiny'. The assessees concerned have duly been intimated about their cases falling either in 'Limited Scrutiny' or 'Complete Scrutiny' through notices issued under section 143(2) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 ('Act'). The procedure for handling 'Limited Scrutiny' cases shall be as under: a. In 'Limited Scrutiny' cases, the reasons/issues shall be forthwith communicated to the assessee concerned. b. The Questionnaire under section 142(1) of the Act in 'Limited Scrutiny' cases shall remain confined only to the specific reasons/issues for which case has been picked up for scrutiny. I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 18 of 22 Further, the scope of enquiry shall be restricted to the 'Limited Scrutiny' issues. c. These cases shall be completed expeditiously in a limited number of hearings. d. During the course of assessment proceedings in 'limited Scrutiny' cases, if it comes to the notice of the Assessing Officer that there is potential escapement of income exceeding Rs. five lakhs (for metro charges, the monetary limit shall be Rs. ten lakhs) requiring substantial verification on any other issue(s), then, the case may be taken up for 'Complete Scrutiny' with the approval of the Pr. CIT/CIT concerned. However, such an approval shall be accorded by the Pr. CIT/CIT in writing after being satisfied about merits of the issue(s) necessitating 'Complete Scrutiny' in that particular case. Such cases shall be monitored by the Range Head concerned. The procedure indicated at points (a), (b) and (c) above shall no longer remain binding in such cases. (For the present purpose, 'Metro charges' would mean Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Ahmadabad). 4. The Board further desires that in all cases under scrutiny, where the Assessing Officer proposes to make additions or disallowances, the assessee would be given a fair opportunity to explain his position on the proposed additions/disallowances in accordance with the principle of natural justice. In this regard, the Assessing Officer shall issue an appropriate show-cause notice duly indicating the reasons for the proposed additions/disallowances along with necessary evidences/reasons forming the basis of the same. Before passing the final order against the proposed additions/disallowances, due consideration shall be given to the submissions made by the assessee in response to the show-cause notice. 5. The contents of this Instruction should be immediately brought to the notice of all concerned for strict compliance. (Ankita Pandey) Under Secretary to Government of India 11. Further, Instruction No. 5 of 2016 dated 14.07.2016 reads as under: Instruction No. 5/2016 Government of India I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 19 of 22 Ministry of Finance Department of Revenue Central Board of Direct Taxes North Block, New Delhi, the 14th of July, 2016 Subject: Direction regarding scope of enquiry in cases under 'Limited Scrutiny' selected through CASS 2015 & 2016-regd.- Vide Instruction No. 20/2015 dated 29.12.2015 in File of even number, Board has laid down Standard Operating Procedure for handling of cases under 'Limited Scrutiny' which were selected through Computer Aided Scrutiny Selection in 'CASS Cycle 2015'. In these cases, it was stated that the general scope of enquiry in scrutiny proceedings should be restricted to the relevant parameters which formed the basis for selecting the case for scrutiny. However, in revenue potential cases, it was further provided that 'Complete Scrutiny' could be conducted, if there was potential escapement of income above a prescribed monetary limit, subject to the approval of administrative Pr. CIT/CIT/Pr. DIT/DIT. 2. In order to ensure that maximum objectivity is maintained in converting a case falling under 'Limited Scrutiny' into a 'Complete Scrutiny' case, the matter has been further examined and in partial modification to Para 3(d) of the earlier order dated 29.12.2015, Board hereby lays down that while proposing to take up 'Complete Scrutiny' in a case which was originally earmarked for 'Limited Scrutiny', the Assessing Officer ('AO') shall be required to form a reasonable view that there is possibility of under assessment of income if the case is not examined under 'Complete Scrutiny'. In this regard, the monetary limits and requirement of administrative approval from Pr. CIT/CIT/Pr. DIT/DIT, as prescribed in Para 3(d) of earlier Instruction dated 29.12.2015, shall continue to remain applicable. 3. Further, while forming the reasonable view, the Assessing Officer would ensure that: a. there exists credible material or information available on record for forming such view; b. this reasonable view should not be based on mere suspicion, conjecture or unreliable source; and c. there must be a direct nexus between the available material and formation of such view. I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 20 of 22 4. It is further clarified that in cases under 'Limited Scrutiny', the scrutiny assessment proceedings would initially be confined only to issues under 'Limited Scrutiny' and questionnaires, enquiry, investigation etc. would be restricted to such issues. Only upon conversion of case to 'Complete Scrutiny' after following the procedure outlined above, the AO may examine the additional issues besides the issue(s) involved in 'Limited Scrutiny'. The AO shall also expeditiously intimate the taxpayer concerned regarding conducting 'Complete Scrutiny' in such cases. 5. It is also clarified that once a case has been converted to 'Complete Scrutiny', the AO can deal with any issue emerging from ongoing scrutiny proceedings notwithstanding the fact that the reason for such issue have not been included in the Note. 6. To ensure proper monitoring in cases which have been converted from 'Limited Scrutiny' to 'Complete Scrutiny', it is suggested, that provisions of section 144A of the Act may be invoked in suitable cases. To prevent possibility of fishing and roving enquiries in such cases, it is desirable that these cases should invariably be picked up while conducting Review or Inspection by the administrative authorities. 7. The above Instruction shall be applicable from the date of its issue and would cover the cases selected under CASS 2015 which are pending scrutiny cases as well as cases selected/being selected under the CASS 2016. 8. The contents of this Instruction may be brought to the notice of all for necessary compliance. 9. Hindi version to follow. (Rohit Garg) Deputy Secretary to the Government of India 12. The crux of the instructions are summarized as under: i. The questionnaire u/s 142(1) shall be confined only to the issue of limited scrutiny. ii. Approval of PCIT/CIT concern I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 21 of 22 iii. PCIT/CIT concern shall grant approval in writing and after being satisfied on the merits of the case. iv. Such cases shall be monitored by range head. v. In limited scrutiny cases enquiry shall be restricted only on the issues of limited scrutiny. vi. Only after conversion of case to complete scrutiny and after following the procedure outlined above the A.O. may examined the issues other than limited scrutiny issues. v. The A.O. shall intimate the assessee regarding conducting complete scrutiny. vi. The provisions of Sec. 144A should be invoked in suitable cases. vii. To prevent the roving and fishing enquiries, such cases should be picked up for review and inspection by administrative authorities. 13. Reliance is also being placed in the order of the Co-ordinate Bench of ITAT in the case of CBS International Projects Pvt. Ltd. Vs ACIT, New Delhi in ITA No. 144/Del/2019 and order of the Hon'ble Jurisdictional High Court in the case of Best Plastics Pvt. Ltd. 295 ITR 256 wherein it was held that the assessment order passed by the Assessing Officer disregarding the instructions of the CBDT are liable to the set aside and no substantial of law arises. The said judgment relied upon the decision of Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Commissioner of Customs Vs Indian Oil Corporation and also the judgment of Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of UCO Bank Vs CIT: 237 ITR 889. Hence, we hold that the Assessing Officer can widen the scope of scrutiny even the case is selected for limited scrutiny under CASS, however, the condition precedent for such widening of the scope is that the Assessing Officer has to seek prior approval of the authorities mentioned. Such prior approval and the permission of the PCIT is lacking in the instant case. There was no satisfaction about the merits of the issue which necessitated complete scrutiny in the instant case. Hence, the assessment framed by the assessee on the issues which are not inconsonance of the instruction of CBDT are liable to be quashed. The addition u/s 43CA, since beyond the scope of the limited scrutiny is hereby ordered to be deleted.” 12. Considering the facts of the case and the CBDT Circular as referred to above, in light of the decisions of the Coordinate I.T.A. No.: 358/KOL/2023 Assessment Year: 2017-18 Panjit Basak. Page 22 of 22 Benches, we are inclined to hold that the assessment framed by Ld. AO is invalid and is hereby quashed. Accordingly, the additional ground raised by the assessee is allowed. 13. The other issues raised on merit in the grounds of appeal are not being adjudicated as the appeal of the assessee is allowed on the legal issue which renders the grounds raised by the assessee on merit as academic in nature. 14. In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is allowed. Kolkata, the 18 th July, 2023. Sd/- Sd/- [Sonjoy Sarma] [Rajesh Kumar] Judicial Member Accountant Member Dated: 18.07.2023 Bidhan (P.S.) Copy of the order forwarded to: 1. Panjit Basak, C/o Mahadev Ghosh-Adv., BF-199, Salt Lake City, Sector-I, Kolkata-700 064. 2. ITO, Ward-2(4), Raiganj. 3. CIT(A)-NFAC, Delhi. 4. CIT- 5. CIT(DR), Kolkata Benches, Kolkata. //True copy // By order Assistant Registrar ITAT, Kolkata Benches Kolkata