TOTAL OIL INDIA P.LTD, MUMBAI V. ADDL CIT RG 8(3), MUMBAI

ITA 4135/MUM/2016

• Counselvise Citation: [2019] 116 COUNSELVISE.COM (IT) 6767 (ITAT-MUMBAI)
• Duration Of Justice: 3 year(s) 23 day(s)
• Appeal Type: Income Tax Appeal
• Pronouncement Date: 09-07-2019
• Appeal Filed By: Assessee
• Order Result: Allowed
• Bench Allotted: L
• Assessment Year: 2010-2011
• Appeal Filed On: 16-06-2016
• Result in Favour of: Assessee
• Court: TRIBUNAL
• Keywords: Recovery proceedings; Business income; Transfer pricing; Search and seizure; Double taxation relief; Retrospective amendment; Non-deduction of tax; Revenue expenditure; Capital expenditure; TDS; Set aside
• Section: 142(1); 40(a)(ia); 194C; 143(1); 195; 92

Judgement Text

IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL I BENCH, MUMBAI BEFORE SHRI G. S. PANNU , VP AND SHRI AMARJIT SINGH , JM I.T.A. NO. 4300/M/2016 ( ASSESSMENT YEAR : 20 10 - 11 ) ACIT - 11(3)(1) ROOM NO. 427, AAYAKAR BHAVAN, M.K. ROAD, MUMBAI - 400020. VS. M/S. TOTAL OIL INDIA PVT. LTD. 3 RD FLOOR, THE LEELA GALLERIA, ANDHERI - KURLA ROAD, ANDHERI (E), MUMBAI - 400059. I.T.A. NO . 4135/M/2016 ( ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2010 - 11) M/S. TOTAL OIL INDIA PVT. LTD. 3 RD FLOOR, THE LEELA GALLERIA, ANDHERI - KURLA ROAD, ANDHERI (E), MUMBAI - 400059. VS. ACIT - 8(3) AAYAKAR BHAVAN, MUMBAI ./ ./ PAN/GIR NO. : AAACE2175M ( APPELLANT ) .. ( RESPONDENT ) DATE OF HEARING : 01.05.2019 DATE OF PRONOUNCEMENT : 09. 0 7 . 201 9 O R D E R PER AMARJIT SINGH, JM: THE REVENUE AS WELL AS ASSESSEE HAVE FILED THE ABOVE MENTIONED APPEALS A GAINST THE ORDER DATED 28 . 03 .201 6 PASSED BY THE ASSESSEE BY: SHRI NIRAJ SHETH DEPARTMENT BY: SHRI S. USMANI ( DR) ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 2 COMMIS S IONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS) - 58 , MUMBAI [HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS THE CIT(A)] RELEVANT TO THE ASSESSMENT YEAR 20 10 - 11 . ITA. NO. 4135/M/2016 2. THE ASSESSEE HAS FILED THE PRESENT APPEAL AGAINST THE ORDER DATED 28.03.2016 PASSED BY THE COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS) - 58, MUMBAI (HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS THE CIT(A)) RELEVANT TO THE ASSESSMENT YEAR 2010 - 11. 3 . THE ASSESSEE HAS RAISED THE FOLLOWING GROUNDS: - 1. DISALLOWANCE OF SOFTWARE AND EDP EXPENSES OF INR 14,05,007 IN UPHOLDING THE DISALLOWANCE OF SOFTWARE AND EDP EXPENSES TO THE EXTENT OF INR 14,05,007, WITHOUT APPRECIATING THAT THE SAME DOES NOT RESULT IN ANY ENDURING BENEFIT TO THE APPELLANT AND HENCE, IS ALLOWABLE AS REVENUE EXPENDITURE. 2. DISALLOWANCE OF REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES UNDER SECTION 40(A)(IA) OF THE ACT IN UPHOLDING THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY THE ADDITIONAL COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX. RANGE 8(3) (AO) OF REIMBURSEMENT OF CERTAIN EXPENSES MADE TO NON - RESIDENTS INCLUDING GROUP ENTITIES OF THE APP ELLANT UNDER SECTION 40(A)(I) OF THE ACT ON ACCOUNT OF ALLEGED NON - DEDUCTION OF TAXES AT SOURCE UNDER SECTION 195 OF THE ACT. 2.1 REIMBURSEMENT OF DEMURRAGE EXPENSES OF INR 2,59,99,105 IN UPHOLDING THE DISALLOWANCE OF REIMBURSEMENT OF DEMURRAGE AND SHIPME NT COSTS AMOUNTING TO INR 2,59,99,105 MADE TO TOTSA TOTAL OIL UNDER SECTION 40(A)(I) ON ACCOUNT OF NON - DEDUCTION OF TAXES AT SOURCE UNDER SECTION 195 OF THE ACT. IN UPHOLDING THE ACTION OF THE LEARNED AO IN CHARACTERISING SUCH REIMBURSEMENT OF DEMURRAGE AN D SHIPMENT COSTS AS FEES FOR TECHNICAL SERVICES (FTS') TAXABLE UNDER SECTION 9(1)(VII) OF THE ACT. ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 3 IN NOT APPRECIATING THE FACT THAT THE PAYMENTS TO TOTSA TOTAL OIL ARE PURE COST REIMBURSEMENTS AND DO NOT CONTAIN ANY SERVICE ELEMENT. IN DISREGARDING THE OR DER OF THE COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS) DATED 18 MARCH 2013 FOR AY 2008 - 09 IN APPELLANT'S OWN CASE WHEREIN THE ISSUE IN RESPECT OF ALLOWABILITY OF DEMURRAGE CHARGES HAS BEEN DECIDED IN FAVOUR OF APPELLANT. 2.2 PAYMENT OF LICENSE CHARGES OF INR 1,87 ,220 IN UPHOLDING THE DISALLOWANCE MADE BY THE LEARNED AO OF DISALLOWING PAYMENT OF LICENSE CHARGES FOR PURCHASE OF SOFTWARE AMOUNTING TO INR 1,87,220 UNDER SECTION 40(A)(I) ON ACCOUNT OF NON - DEDUCTION OF TAXES AT SOURCE UNDER SECTION 195 OF THE ACT. IN UP HOLDING THE ACTION OF THE LD. AO OF CHARACTERIZING SUCH PAYMENT OF LICENSE CHARGES AS ROYALTY TAXABLE UNDER SECTION 9(1)(VI) OF THE ACT. IN NOT APPRECIATING THE FACT THAT SUCH PAYMENT OF LICENSE CHARGES WAS NOT FOR ACQUISITION OF COPYRIGHT BUT FOR THE ACQU ISITION OF COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE. THE ABOVE GROUNDS ARE WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO ONE ANOTHER. THE APPELLANT CRAVES LEAVE TO ADD, ALTER, OMIT OR SUBSTITUTE ANY OR ALL OF THE ABOVE GROUNDS OF APPEAL, AT ANY TIME BEFORE OR AT THE TIME OF THE APPEAL HEARING. 4 . THE BRIEF FACTS OF THE CASE ARE THAT THE ASSESSEE COMPANY FILED ITS RETURN OF INCOME ON 13 . 10 .20 10 FOR THE A.Y. 2010 - 11 DECLARING TOTAL I N COME TO THE TUNE OF RS. 1,31,42,39,311 / - . THE RETURN WAS PROCESSED U/S 143(1) OF THE I.T. ACT, 1961. THEREAFTER, THE CASE WAS SELECTED FOR SCRUTINY, HENCE, NOTICES U/S 143(2) & 142(1) OF THE ACT WERE ISSUED AND SERVED UPON THE ASSESSEE. THE ASSESSEE COMPANY IS ENGAGED IN THE BUSINESS OF IMPORTING AND RESELLING LPG AND CERTAIN SOLVENTS AND MANUFACTURING AND MARKETING OF INDUST RIAL AND ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 4 AUTOMOTIVE LUBRICANTS. THERE WAS A CHANGE IN THE NATURE OF BUSINES S AS COMPARED TO THE IMMEDIATE PRECEDING YEAR IN VIEW OF THE AMALGAMATION OF THE ERSTWHILE TOTAL LUBRICANT INDIA LIMITED AND THE ERSTWHILE TOTAL PETROLEUM INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED WITH TOTAL LPG INDIA LIMITED. AFTER CERTAIN DISALLOWANCE AS MENTIONED IN THE ORDE R PASSED BY AO DATED 30.03.2014, T HE INCOME OF THE ASSESSEE WAS ASSESSED TO THE TUNE OF RS.1,53,35,36,310/ - . FEELING AGGRIEVED, THE ASSESSEE FILED AN APPEAL BEFORE THE CIT(A) WHO DECLINED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE ON THE GROUND S MENTIONED ABOVE , THEREFORE, THE ASSESSEE HAS FILED THE PRESENT APPEAL BEFORE US. ISSUE NO. 1 5. UNDER THIS ISSUE THE ASSESSEE HAS CHALLENGED THE DISALLOWANCE OF SOFTWARE AND EDP EXPENSES IN SUM OF RS.14,05,007/ - . AT THE VERY OUTSET, THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS ARGUED THAT THE ISSUE HAS DULY BEEN COVERED BY THE DECISION OF HONBLE ITAT IN THE ASSESSEES OWN CASE IN ITA. NO. 1271/M/2013 DATED 20.12.2017, THEREFORE, IN THE SAID CIRCUMSTANCES, THE EXPENSES ARE LIABLE TO BE ALLOWED IN THE INTEREST OF JUSTICE. HOWEVER, ON THE OTHER HAND, THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE REVENUE HAS REFUTED THE S AID CONTENTION. THE COPY OF ORDER PASSED BY THE HONBLE ITATIN ITA. NO. 1271/M/2013 DATED 20.12.2017 TITLED AS TOTAL OIL INDIA P. LTD. ACIT IS ON THE FILE AND THE RELEVANT ISSUE HAS BEEN DISCUSSED IN PARA NO.2 WHICH IS HEREBY REPRODUCED AS UNDER.: - ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 5 2. THE 1ST GROUND RAISED IN THIS APPEAL BY THE ASSESSEE IS AGAINST THE ORDER OF THE LD. CIT(A) CONFIRMING THE DISALLOWANCE OF RS.8,42,189/ - OF EDP EXPENSES CONSIDERING THE SAME AS CAPITAL EXPENDITURE. 2.1 DURING THE COURSE OF ASSESSMENT PROCEEDINGS, THE A SSESSEE SUBMITTED BEFORE THE AO THAT IT HAS DEBITED RS.8,42,189/ - AS EDP EXPENSES AND INCLUDED IT IN MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES. THE AO FOLLOWING THE JUDGMENT OF THE HONBLE RAJASTHAN HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF CIT VS. ARAWALI CONSTRUCTIONS (P) LTD. 259 ITR 3 0 (RAJ) DISALLOWED THE SAID EDP EXPENSES OF RS.8,42,189/ - . 2.2 IN APPEAL, THE LD. CIT(A) AGREED WITH THE FINDINGS OF THE AO AND DISMISSED THE APPEAL OF THE ASSESSEE. 2.3 BEFORE US, THE LD. COUNSEL OF THE ASSESSEE RELIES ON THE JUDGMENT OF THE HONBLE BOM BAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF CIT V. RAYCHEM RPG LTD. (2012) 346 ITR 138 (BOM). ON THE OTHER HAND, THE LD. DR RELIES ON THE ORDER OF LD. CIT(A). 2.4 IN THE CASE OF RAYCHEM RPG LTD. (SUPRA), THE HONBLE BOMBAY HIGH COURT HAS HELD THAT THE ASSESSEE IN THAT CASE WAS MANUFACTURING TELECOMMUNICATION AND POWER CABLE. SOFTWARE WAS NOT A PART OF PROFIT MAKING APPARATUS OF THE ASSESSEE. THEREFORE, IT HELD THE EXPENDITURE AS REVENUE EXPENDITURE. IN THE INSTANT CASE, THE ASSESSEE - COMPANY IS ENGAGED IN THE BUSINESS O F MANUFACTURING, TRADING AND MARKETING OF INDUSTRIAL AND AUTOMATIC LUBRICANTS. EDP EXPENSES IS NOT A PART OF PROFIT MAKING APPARATUS OF THE ASSESSEE - COMPANY. FOLLOWING THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN RAYCHEM RPG LTD., WE DIRECT THE AO TO T REAT THE EDP EXPENSES OF RS.8,42,189/ - AS REVENUE EXPENDITURE. THUS THE 1ST GROUND OF APPEAL IS ALLOWED . 6 . ON APPRAISAL OF THE ABOVE MENTIONED FINDING, WE FIND THAT THE HONBLE ITAT HAS ALLOWED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE ON THE BASIS OF THE DECISION OF BO MBAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF RAYCHEM RPG LTD. (2012) 346 ITR 138 (BOM). SINCE THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE HAS DULY BEEN COVERED BY THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE ITAT IN THE ASSESSEES OWN CASE FOR THE A.Y. 2008 - 09 IN ITA. NO.1271/M/2013 DATED 20.12.2017 , THE REFORE, IN THE SAID CIRCUMSTANCES, WE SET ASIDE ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 6 THE FINDING OF THE CIT(A) ON THIS ISSUE AND ALLOWED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE. ISSUE NO. 2.1 7. UNDER THIS ISSUE THE ASSESSEE HAS CHALLENGED THE DISALLOWANCE OF REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES U/S 40(A)(IA) OF THE ACT. THE ASSESSEE CLAIMED THE REIMBURSEMENT OF DEMURRAGE EXPENSES OF RS. 2,59,99,105/ - . THE SAID AMO UNT WAS DISALLOWED U/S 40(A)(IA) OF THE ACT . THE SAID AMOUNT WAS DISALLOWED U/S 40(IA) OF THE ACT ON ACCOUNT OF NON - DEDUCTI ON TAX AT SOURCE U/S 195 OF THE ACT. THE AO CHARACTERIZING SUCH REIMBURSEMENT OF DEMURRA G E REPAYMENT COSTS AS FEE FOR TECHNICAL SERVICES TAXABLE U/S 9(1)(VII) OF THE ACT. IT IS ARGUED BY THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE THAT THE ASSESSEE COMPANY NOWHERE INDULGE IN ANY SERVICE ELEMENT AND THE SAID AMOUNT WAS PURELY REIMBURSEMENT AND THE SAID ISSUE HAS BEEN COVERED IN THE ASSESSEES FAVOUR BY THE DECISION OF THE BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF CIT VS. DEMPO AND CO. P. LTD. (381 ITR 303) AND ALSO BY THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE ITAT MUMBAI BENCH IN THE CASE OF KULODAY TECHNOPACK (P) LTD. VS. ITO (86 TAXMANN.COM 74). THER E FORE , THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE IS LIABLE TO BE ALLOWED. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE REVENUE HAS REFUTED THE SA ID CONTENTION. BEFORE GOING FURTHER, WE DEEM IT NECESSARY TO ADVERT THE FINDING OF THE CIT(A) ON RECORD.: - ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 7 8.2 THE SUBMISSION MADE BY THE APPELLANT HAS BEEN EXAMINED. IT IS NOTICED THAT THE ENTIRE SUBMISSION MADE BY THE APPELLANT IS UNDER THE PRESUMPTION THAT THE AMOUNT REPRESENTS PURE RE - IMBURSEMENT AND HENCE IT DOES NOT HAVE ANY ELEMENT OF INCOME. ACCORDINGLY, IT IS NOT LIABLE TO TAX IN INDIA. ONCE, THE AMOUNT IS NOT LIABLE TO TAX IN INDIA, THERE IS NO LIABILITY ON THE APPELLANT TO DEDUCT TAXES U/S 195 AS HELD BY SUPREME COURT IN GE TECHNOLOGY CENTRE VS CIT 1(327 ITR 456) (SC)] AND TRANSMISSION CORPORATION (SUPRA). ON THE OTHER HAND, THE AO HAS HELD THE AMOUNT TO BE IN THE NATURE OF FTS AND HENCE LIABLE TO TAX IN INDIA U/S 9(I) (VII) OF THE ACT MANDATING DEDUCTION OF TAX FROM THIS AMOUNT U/S 195. THE FIRST ISSUE WHICH ARISES FOR DETERMINATION IS WHETHER THE AMOUNT CAN BE TREATED AS PURE RE - IMBURSEMENT OR FTS. 8.2.1 THE APPELLANT HAS REIMBURSED DEMURRAGE CHARGES TO TOTSA TOTAL OIL ('TOTSA'). SUCH CHARGE WE RE PAYABLE BY THE APPELLANT TO THE SHIP OWNERS AND/ OR PORT AUTHORITIES ON ACCOUNT OF DELAY IN DISCHARGE OF CARGO HOWEVER, AS A MATTER OF CONVENIENCE, THE PAYMENT WAS MADE BY TOTSA AND RECHARGED FROM THE APPELLANT. THIS IS A BACK TO BACK PAYMENT WITHOUT RE NDERING TECHNICAL. MANAGERIAL OR CONSULTANCY SERVICE. IT IS SEEN THAT THE ASSESSING OFFICER, I ANY DESCRIPTION OF SERVICE RENDERED (IF AN)), HELD THE PAYMENT TO BE IN THE NATURE OF FTS. AS THERE IS NO SERVICE RENDERED, THERE IS NO QUESTION OF BRANDING THE PAYMENT AS FTS. THE ACTION OF THE AO IS NOT FOUND TO BE CORRECT. 8.2.2 THE CLAIM OF THE APPELLANT THAT THE AMOUNT REPRESENTS PURE REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES HAS ALSO BEEN EXAMINED AND IS NOT FOUND TO BE IN ORDER. THIS IS NOT REIMBURSEMENT OF A COST INCURRED BY TOTSA. I LAD TOTSA INCURRED CERTAIN EXPENSES WITH REFERENCE TO THE APPELLANT, FOR EXAMPLE, STAY ARRANGEMENTS FOR APPELLANT'S EMPLOYEES ETC. THESE WOULD HAVE BEEN ACCEPTED AS PURE COST REIMBURSEMENT. HOWEVER, IN THE PRESENT CASE, A PAYMENT WAS DUE TO SL IME T HIRD PARTIES (SHIP OWNERS OR PORT AUTHORITIES) A ND THE PAYMENT WAS TO BE MADE BY THE APPELLANT. THIS PAYMENT HAS BEEN MADE BY TOTSA AND SUBSEQUENTLY RECHARGED. 'IBIS IS NOR PURE COST REIMBURSEMENT. THIS IS PAYMENT ON BEHALF OF THE APPELLANT. HENCE, FO R THE PURPOSE OF EXAMINATION LIMN THE ANGLE OF DEDUCTION OF TDS U/S 195, IT IS THE PAYMENT TO THE THIRD PARTY WHICH NEEDS TO BE EXAMINED AND NOT PAYMENT TO TOTSA. IF THE APPELLANT, WHILE MAKING PAYMENT TO THE THIRD PARTIES, WAS LIABLE TO DEDUCT IDS, SUCH L IABILITY CANNOT BE WAIVED MERELY BY ROUTING THE PAYMENTS THROUGH A RELATED FOREIGN PARTY. IN ALL ITS SUBMISSION, THE APPELLANT HAS MERELY HARPED ON THE CHARACTER OF PAYMENT MADE BY IT TO ITS ASSOCIATE WITHOUT DISCUSSING WHETHER THE AMOUNT, WITH REFERENCE T O THE ACTUAL BENEFICIARY REPRESENTED A SUM HAVING INCOME COMPONENT IN IT. ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 8 8.2.3 DEMURRAGE IS PAID TO THE SHIP OWNER ON ACCOUNT OF DELAY CAUSED TO HIS SHIP DUE TO DELAY IN LOADING OR UNLOADING FOR WHICH HIS SHIP HAS TO BERTH IN DIE HARBOUR FOR A LONGER PERI OD. DEMURRAGE MAY ALSO BE CHARGED BY POD AUTHORITIES TO THE SHIP OWNER OR THE PARTY WHOSE GOODS ARE BEING UNLOADED. GENERALLY, DEMURRAGE PARTAKES THE CHARACTER OF FREIGHT AND IS LIABLE TO TAX IN THE COUNTRY WHERE THE PORT, WHERE DEMO - AGE HAS BEEN LEVIED, IS SITUATED. IT HAS BEEN ASCERTAINED THAT THE DEMURRAGE ABOVE HAS BEEN PAID IN RESPECT OF INDIAN PORTS AND THE SHIPPING LINES I NVOLVED ARE FOREIGN SHIP OWNERS. FREIGHT INCOME GENERATED IN INDIA IS A TAXABLE INCOME UNDER INCOME TAX ACT AND HENCE, ANY PAYMENT OF FREIGHT TO A NON - RESIDENT WILL INVITE TDS U/S 195. GENERALLY, FREIGHT INCOME OF NON - RESIDENTS VISITING INDIAN PORTS IS GOV ERNED BY SECTION 172 AND HENCE, IF THE SHIP OWNER HAS PAID TAXES U/S 172, THEN THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 195 WILL NOT APPLY. HOWEVER, MOST OF THE TIME, WHILE THE ACTUAL FREIGHT IS COVERED BY SECTION 172 BY THE NON - RESIDENT, THE DEMURRAGE CHARGES ARE NOT IN CLUDED AS THEY ARE RAISED SUBSEQUENT TO THE LEAVING OF THE PORT AND ARE CHARGED SEPARATELY FROM THE CLIENTS. 8.3 THE PRESENT EASE REPRESENTS A SIMILAR SCENARIO WHERE THE INVOICE FOR THE DEMURRAGE HAS BEEN RAISED SEPARATELY. CLEARLY, THE NON - RESIDENT SHIP O WNER HAS NOT INCLUDED THIS AMOUNT WHILE PAYING TAXES U/S 172. HENCE, HAD THE APPELLANT PAID THE DEMURRAGE AMOUNT DIRECTLY TO THE SHIP OWNER, HE WAS LIABLE TO DEDUCT TAXES U/S 195. IF TOTSA MADE A PAYMENT ON BEHALF OF THE APPELLANT, THEN TOTSA SHOULD HAVE M ADE A PAYMENT NET OF TAXES AND THE APPELLANT SHOULD HAVE DEPOSITED THE REQUISITE TAX TO INDIAN TAX AUTHORITIES. THE LIABILITY TO DEDUCT TAX CANNOT BE WAIVED MERELY BY ROUTING PAYMENTS THROUGH A THIRD PARTY. ALL THE JUDICIAL PRECEDENTS CITED BY THE APPELLAN T RELATE TO CASES WHERE THERE HAS BEEN A COST REIMBURSEMENT. THE SITUATION IS ENTIRELY DIFFERENT HERE. IT IS A CASE OF PAYMENT OF AN AMOUNT TAXABLE IN INDIA BY TOTSA ON BEHALF OF THE APPELLANT AND HENCE THE LIABILIY CAST ON THE APPELLANT SHOULD HAVE BEEN F OLLOWED. 8.4 IT IS SEEN THAT IN THE PRECEDING YEAR, THE LID CET(A) HAS ACCEPTED THE INCORRECT PICA OF THE APPELLANT THAT THE AMOUNT REPRESENTS RE - IMBURSEMENT WITHOUT REALIZING THAT IT IS A PAYMENT TO A THIRD PARTY ON BEHALF OF THE APPELLANT AND HENCE THE O NUS CAST ON THE APPELLANT TO DEDUCT TDS DOES NOT GET DISCHARGED. 8.5 AS REGARDS THE TAXABILITY OF DENIM - RAGE CHARGES, THERE IS HARDLY ANY DISPUTE THAT THESE ARE IN THE NATURE OF FREIGHT AND HENCE LIABLE TO TAX. IN N RECENT CASE, THE BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN TH E CASE OF ORIENT (GOA) (P) LTD., ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 9 [2009) 185 TAXMAN 131 (BOM ) HAS HELD THE AMOUNT TO BE DISALLOWABLE UNDER SECTION 40(A)(I) IF NO TDS HAS BEEN DEDUCTED UNDER SECTION 19 B . WHILE RULING ON THE ISSUE OF DEDUCTION U/S 195 AND APPLICABILITY OF SECTION 40(A) (I) TO THE DEMURRAGE CHARGES, THE COURT HELD THAT; '12. HAVING CONSIDERED THE SUBMISSIONS OF THE LEARNED COUNSEL APPEARING FOR THE PARTIES, IN OUR VIEW, THE FACTS OF THE PRESENT CASE, ARE GOVERNED BY SECTION 40(A)(I) OF THE ACT 1961. ORDER PASSED BY THE ASSESS ING OFFICER, IN OUR VIEW, IS LEGAL, PROPER AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SCHEME OF ACT 1961. IN VIEW OF WHICH WE HAVE TAKEN IN THE MATTER, THE APPEAL DESERVES TO BE ALLOWED BY QUASHING AND SETTING ASIDE THE ORDER PASSED BY THE LEARNED COMMISSIONER OF INCOME T AX (APPEALS) DATED 28 - 8 - 2002 AND THE ORDER PASSED BY THE INCOME - TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL, PANAJI DATED 2 - 12 - 2004. THE SAME ARE, ACCORDINGLY, QUASHED AND SET ASIDE AND THE ORDER PASSED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER STANDS UPHELD. APPEAL IS, ACCORDINGLY, ALLOWED AN D DISPOSED OF WITH NO ORDER AS TO COSTS.' 8.6 IN LIGHT OF THE FADS NARRATED ABOVE, THE ACTION OF THE AO IN DISALLOWING THE EXPENDITURE U/S 40(A)(I) IS UPHELD AND THE GROUND RAISED BY THE APPELLANT IS DISMISSED. 8 . ON APPRAISAL OF THE ABOVE SAID FINDING, W E NOTICED THAT THE MATTER OF CONTROVERSY HAS BEEN DECIDED BY THE CIT(A) ON THE BASIS OF DECISION OF BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF ORIENT (GOA) (P) LTD., [20091 185 TAX 111311 131 BOMBAY . B UT THE SITUATION HAS BEEN CHANGED NOW SPECIFICALLY IN VIEW OF THE DECISION OF BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF CIT VS. DEMPO AND CO. P. LTD. (381 ITR 303) . THE RELEVANT FINDING HAS BEEN GIVEN IN PARA NO. 46 TO 54 WHICH IS HEREBY REPRODUCED AS UNDER.: - 46. A BARE PERUSAL THEREOF WOULD INDICATE AS TO HOW THIS PROVISION COVERS THE CASE OF AN ASSESSEE WHO IS A NON - RESIDENT AND ENGAGED IN THE BUSINESS OF OPERATION OF SHIPS. THAT STIPULATES A SUM EQUAL TO 7% OF THE AGGREGATE OF THE AMOUNT SPECIFIED IN SUB - SECTION (2) OF SEC TION 44B AS DEEMED TO BE ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 10 PROFITS AND GAINS OF SUCH BUSINESS CHARGEABLE TO TAX UNDER THE HEAD 'PROFITS AND GAINS OF BUSINESS OR PROFESSION'. IT IS THE EXPLANATION WHICH REFERS TO THE DEMURRAGE AND FOR THE PURPOSE OF SUB - SECTION (2) OF SRP 62/79ITXA989.15.DO C SECTION 44B . IT CLARIFIES THAT THE AMOUNT PAID OR PAYABLE OR RECEIVED OR DEEMED TO BE RECEIVED, AS THE CASE MAY BE, BY WAY OF DEMURRAGE CHARGES OR HANDLING CHARGES OR ANY OTHER AMOUNT OF SIMILAR NATURE S HALL FOR THE PURPOSES OF SUB - SECTION (1) DEEMED TO BE THE PROFITS AND GAINS OF THE BUSINESS, NAMELY, SHIPPING BUSINESS CHARGEABLE TO TAX UNDER THAT HEAD. THE AMOUNTS WHICH ARE PAID OR PAYABLE WHETHER IN OR OUT OF INDIA TO THE ASSESSEE OR TO ANY PERSON ON H IS BEHALF ON ACCOUNT OF CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS, LIVESTOCK, MAIL OR GOODS SHIPPED AT A PORT IN INDIA AND THE AMOUNT RECEIVED WAS DEEMED TO BE RECEIVED IN INDIA BY OR ON BEHALF OF THE ASSESSEE ON ACCOUNT OF THE CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS, LIVESTOCK, MAIL OR GOOD S SHIPPED AT ANY PORT OUTSIDE INDIA SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE PROFITS AND GAINS. ON THAT THE TAX IS PAYABLE BY VIRTUE OF SUB - SECTION (1) OF SECTION 172 . THAT HAS TO BE LEVIED AND RECOVERED IN TERMS OF TH E SUB - SECTIONS OF SECTION 172 OF THE INCOME TAX ACT. ONCE SECTION 172 FALLS IN CHAPTER XV TITLED AS LIABILITY IN SPECIAL CASES - PROFITS OF NON - RESIDENTS, THEN SECTION 172 IS REFERABLE TO SECTION 44B . BOTH PROVISIONS OPEN WITH A NON - OBSTANTE CLAUSE AND WHEREAS SECTION 44B ENACTS SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR COMPUTING PROFITS AND GAINS OF SHIPPING BUSINESS IN CASE OF NON - RESIDENTS SECTION 172 DEALING WITH SHIPPING BUSINESS OF NON - RESIDENTS IS SRP 63 /79ITXA989.15.DOC ENACTED FOR THE PURPOSE OF LEVY AND RECOVERY OF TAX IN THE CASE OF ANY SHIP BELONGING TO OR CHARTERED BY A NON - RESIDENT OPERATED FROM INDIA. THESE SECTIONS AND PARTICULARLY SECTION 172 DE VISE A SCHEME FOR LEVY AND RECOVERY OF TAX. THE SUB - SECTIONS OF SECTION 44B DENOTE AS TO HOW THE AMOUNTS PAID TO OR PAYABLE WOULD INCLUDE DEMURRAGE CHARGES OR HANDLING CHARGES OR ANY OTHER AMOUNT OF SIMILA R NATURE. THE SUB - SECTIONS OF SECTION 172 READ TOGETHER AND HARMONIOUSLY WOULD REVEAL AS TO HOW THE TAX SHOULD BE LEVIED, COMPUTED, ASSESSED AND RECOVERED. THEREFORE, THERE IS NO WARRANT IN APPLYING THE P ROVISIONS IN CHAPTER XVII ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 11 FOR COLLECTION AND RECOVERY OF THE TAX AND ITS DEDUCTION AT SOURCE VIDE SECTION 195 . 47. TO OUR MIND, THE DIVISION BENCH JUDGMENT IN COMMISSIONER OF INCOME - TAX VS. ORIENT (GOA) PVT. LTD . SEEN IN THIS LIGHT DOES NOT, WITH GREATEST RESPECT, TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE SCHEME AND SETTING AS UNDERSTOOD ABOVE. THERE NEED NOT BE APPREHENSION BECAUSE THERE IS NO ESCAPE FROM THE LEVY AND RECOV ERY OF TAX. THE TAX HAS TO BE LEVIED AND COLLECTED. THE SHIP CANNOT LEAVE THE PORT OR IF ALLOWED TO LEAVE ANY PORT IN INDIA, IT MUST EITHER PAY OR MAKE ARRANGEMENT TO PAY THE TAX. HENCE, THE APPREHENSION OF SRP 64/79 ITXA989.15.DOC AVOIDANCE OR EVASION BOT H ARE TAKEN CARE OF BY THE LEGISLATURE. THAT IS HOW ADVISEDLY THE LEGISLATURE CAST THE OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT TAX AT SOURCE ON THE PERSON RESPONSIBLE TO MAKE PAYMENT TO A NON - RESIDENT IN SHIPPING BUSINESS. 48. THE RESIDENT ASSESSEE CONTENDED BEFORE THE DIVIS ION BENCH IN ORIENT (GOA) (SUPRA) AS WELL AS THE DIVISION BENCH WHICH MADE THE REFERRING ORDER THAT SECTION 172 OF THE INCOME TAX ACT HAS A BEARING AND AN IMPORTANT ONE ON THE OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT TAX AT SOURCE. THEREFORE, IT IS THE RECIPIENT'S POSITION AND THE PERSPECTIVE IN WHICH THE RECIPIENT'S INCOME WOULD BE TAXED WILL HAVE TO BE BORNE IN MIND. THE NON - RESIDENT SHIPPING COMPANY IN RESPECT OF IT'S INCOME WOULD BE IN A POSITION TO RELY UPON SECTION 44B AND CONSEQUENTLY SECTION 172 . HOWEVER, WE DO NOT SEE HOW THERE IS AN OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT TAX AT SOURCE ON THE RESIDENT ASSESSEE/INDIAN COMPANY BEFORE US . WHILE COMPUTING THE INCOME OF THE NON - RESIDENT INDIAN / FOREIGN COMPANY, ASSISTANCE CAN BE DERIVED BY SUCH NON - RESIDENTS FROM SECTION 44B IF THEY ARE IN SHIPPING BUSINESS. IT WOULD ALSO BE IN A POSITION TO RELY UPON SECTION 172 BUT THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PERSON MAKING PAYMENT TO A NON - RESIDENT IN SUB - SECTION (1) OF SECTION 195 CANNOT BE SRP 65/79 ITX A989.15.DOC AVOIDED IN THE MANNER SET OUT IN OTHER CASES. THE SCHEME AS ABOVE OPERATES ONLY TO CASES COVERED BY SECTION 172 OF THE IT ACT AND NONE ELSE. ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 12 49. THE TERM 'NON - RESIDENT' MEANS A PERSON WHO IS N OT A RESIDENT AS PER SECTION 2(30) OF THE INCOME TAX ACT AND FOR THE PURPOSES OF SECTIONS 92 , 93 AND 168 , INCLUDES A PERSON WHO IS NOT ORDINARILY A RESIDENT WITHIN THE MEANING OF CLAUSE (6)OF SECTION 6 . THE TERM 'PERSON' INCLUDES AN INDIVIDUAL, A HUF, A COMPANY, FIRM AND EVERY ARTIFICIAL JURIDICAL PERSON NOT FALLING WITHIN ANY OF THE PRECEDING SUB - CLAUSES OF CLAUSE (31) OF SECTION 2 . BY SECTION 2(23A) , A FOREIGN COMPANY IS DEFINED TO MEAN A COMPANY WHICH IS NOT A DOMESTIC COMPANY. HENCE, ANY PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR PAYING TO A NON - RESIDENT, NOT BEING A COMPANY, OR TO A FOREIGN COMPANY, ANY INTEREST OR ANY OTHER SUM CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THIS AC T NOT BEING INCOME CHARGEABLE UNDER THE HEAD 'SALARIES', WOULD HAVE TO DEDUCT THE TAX THEREON AT THE RATES IN FORCE. 50. THE VIEW THAT WE ARE TAKING IS BASED ON THE ENUNCIATION AND EXPOSITION OF LAW BY THE HON'BLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA, FIRSTLY IN SRP 66/ 79 ITXA989.15.DOC THE CASE OF UNION OF INDIA VS. GOSALIA SHIPPING (PVT.) LTD . REPORTED IN (1978) 3 SCC 23 . INSOFAR AS SECTION 172 OF THE IT ACT AS IT STOOD THEN, ITS AMBIT AND SCOPE, THE HON'BLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA HELD AS UNDER: - '..... 3. SECTION 172 OCCURS IN CHAPTER XV WHICH IS ENTITLED 'LIABILITY IN SPECIAL CASES' AND THE SUB - HEADING OF THE SECT ION IS 'PROFITS OF NON - RESIDENTS FROM OCCASIONAL SHIPPING BUSINESS'. IT CREATES A TAX LIABILITY IN RESPECT OF OCCASIONAL SHIPPING BY MAKING A SPECIAL PROVISION FOR THE LEVY AND RECOVERY OF TAX IN THE CASE OF A SHIP BELONGING TO OR CHARTERED BY A NON - RESID ENT WHICH CARRIES PASSENGERS, LIVESTOCK, MAIL OR GOODS SHIPPED AT A PORT IN INDIA. THE OBJECT OF THE SECTION IS TO ENSURE THE LEVY AND RECOVERY OF TAX IN THE CASE OF SHIPS BELONGING TO OR CHARTERED BY NON - RESIDENTS. THE SECTION BRINGS TO TAX THE PROFITS MA DE BY THEM FROM OCCASIONAL SHIPPING, BY MEANS OF SUMMARY ASSESSMENT IN ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 13 WHICH ONE - SIXTH OF THE GROSS AMOUNT RECEIVED BY THEM IS DEEMED TO BE THE ASSESSABLE PROFIT. BEFORE THE DEPARTURE OF THE SHIP, THE MASTER OF THE SHIP HAS TO FURNISH TO THE INCOME - TAX OFF ICER A RETURN OF THE FULL AMOUNT PAID OR PAYABLE TO THE OWNER OR CHARTER ON ACCOUNT OF THE CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS, GOODS ETC., SHIPPED AT THE PORT IN INDIA SINCE THE LAST ARRIVAL OF THE SHIP AT THE PORT. IN THE EVENT THAT, TO THE SATISFACTION OF THE INCOME - TAX OFFICER, THE MASTER IS UNABLE SO TO DO, HE HAS TO MAKE SATISFACTORY ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE FILING OF THE RETURN AND PAYMENT OF THE TAX BY ANY OTHER PERSON ON HIS BEHALF. A PORT CLEARANCE CANNOT BE GRANTED TO THE SHIP UNTIL THE TAX ASSESSABLE UNDER THE S ECTION IS DULY PAID OR SATISFACTORY ARRANGEMENTS HAVE BEEN MADE FOR THE PAYMENT THEREOF. 4. THE ASSESSEE IN THIS CASE IS THE ALUMINIUM COMPANY OF CANADA WHICH HAD TIME - CHARTERED THE SHIP AND ON WHOSE BEHALF ITS SHIPPING AGENT, THE RESPONDENT, HAD EXECUTED THE GUARANTEE BOND. SINCE THE COMPANY IS A NON - RESIDENT AND THE SHIP CARRIED GOODS WHICH WERE SHIPPED AT A PORT IN INDIA, THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SUB - SECTION (1) ARE SATISFIED AND THE PROVISIONS OF SE CTION 172 WILL APPLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF LEVY OF TAX, NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING CONTAINED IN THE OTHER PROVISIONS OF THE INCOME - TAX ACT . 5. THE CHARGING PROVISION IS CONTAINED IN SUB - SECTION (2) OF SECTION 172 , THE RELEVANT PART OF WHICH PROVIDES THAT WHERE A SHIP BELONGING TO OR CHARTERED BY A NON - RESIDENT CARRIES GOODS SHIPPED AT A PORT IN INDIA, ONE - SIXTH OF THE AMOUNT PAID OR PAYABLE 'ON ACCOUNT OF SUCH CARRIAGE' TO THE OWNER OR THE CHARTERER OR TO ANY PERSON ON HIS BEHALF SHALL BE DEEMED TOBE INCOME ACCRUING IN INDIA TO THE OWNER OR CHARTERER ON ACCOUNT OF SUCH CARRIAGE. THE SHIP WAS DELIVERED TO THE TIME - CHARTERERS AT BETUL, GOA, WHEREUPON THEY LOADED I T WITH THEIR OWN GOODS TO THE FULLEST CAPACITY OF THE SHIP. UNDER THE CHARTER - PARTY, THE CHARTERERS HAD AGREED TO PAY TO THE OWNERS OF THE SHIP A SUM OF 4.50 U. S. DOLLARS PER TON ON THE TOTAL DEAD WEIGHT CARRYING CAPACITY, PER CALENDAR MONTH, COMMENCING O N AND FROM THE DATE OF THE DELIVERY OF THE SHIP. THE SHORT QUESTION FOR CONSIDERATION IS WHETHER THE AMOUNT WHICH THE TIME - CHARTERERS HAD AGREED TO ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 14 PAY TO THE OWNERS OF THE SHIP WAS PAYABLE 'ON ACCOUNT OF' THE CARRIAGE OF GOODS......' 51. SIMILARLY, IN THE CASE OF A. S. CLITTRES D/5 I/S GARONNE AND OTHERS VS. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, KERALA - II REPORTED IN (1997) 9 SCC 546 , ONCE AGAIN, AFTER REPRODUCTION OF SECTION 172 OF THE IT ACT, THE HON'BLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA SRP 68/79ITXA989.15.DOC EXPLAINED THE SCHEME OF THE SECTION IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS: - '7. THE SCHEME OF SECTION 172 OF THE ACT APPEARS TO BE THIS: SECTION 172(1) OF THE ACT GIVES A RIGHT TO THE INCOME TAX OFFICER TO LEVY AND RECOVER TAX IN THE CASE OF ANY SHIP BELONGING TO A NON - RESIDENT, IN A SUMMARY MANNER, (AD HOC ASSESSMENT) NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING CONTAINED IN THE OTHER PROVISIONS OF THE ACT. IT IS AN ABSOLUTE RIGHT CONFERRED ON THE ASSESSING AUTHORITY. THE ASSESSEE HAS NO RIGHT TO OBJECT TO THE SAME. NORMALLY, THIS WILL BE ASSESSMENT OF THE ASSESSEE FOR THE YEAR. BUT, UNDER SECTION 172(7) OF THE ACT A RIGHT IS GIVEN TO THE ASSESSEE TO CLAIM BEFORE THE EXPIRY OF THE ASSESSMENT YEAR RELEVANT TO THE PREVIOUS YEAR IN WHICH THE DATE OF DEPARTURE OF THE SHIP FROM THE INDIAN PORT FA LLS, THAT AN ASSESSMENT, ACCORDING TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT, IN A REGULAR MANNER BE MADE. THUS, A RIGHT IS GIVEN TO THE ASSESSEE TO OPT FOR A REGULAR ASSESSMENT ALTHOUGH A 'ROUGH AND READY' OR A 'SUMMARY ASSESSMENT' HAS ALREADY BEEN MADE UNDER SECTION 172(4) OF THE ACT. IT IS A VALUABLE RIGHT. IF THE ASSESSEE EXERCISES THE RIGHT CONFERRED ON HIM UNDER SECTION 172(7) OF THE ACT, THE INCOME TAX OFFICER IS BOUND TO MAKE AN ASSESSMENT OF THE TOTAL INCOME OF THE PREVIOUS YEAR OF THE ASSESSEE AND THE TAX PAYABLE ON THE BASIS THEREOF 'SHOULD BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE OTHER PROVISIONS OF THE ACT' AND ANY PAYMENT MADE UNDER THE SECTION (EARLIER) 'SHALL BE TREATED AS A PAYMENT IN ADVANCE OF THE TAX' LEVIABLE FOR THAT ASSESSMENT YEAR AND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE SUM SO PAID AND THE AMOUNT OF TAX FOUND PAYABLE BY HIM ON SUCH ASSESSMENT, SHALL BE PAID TO THE ASSESSEE OR REFUNDED TO HIM. THE 'AD HOC' ASSES SMENT MADE UNDER SECTION 172(4) OF THE ACT IS SUPERSEDED AND A 'REGULAR ASSESSMENT' IS MADE AS PER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT. IN SUCH A CASE, IT IS ONLY PROPER AND APPROPRIATE TO HOLD THAT ALL 'THE PROVIS IONS' OF THE ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 15 ACT IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE TAX LIABILITY INCLUDING THE ANCILLARY OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL MATTERS PERTAINING TO IT ARE NECESSARILY ATTRACTED. 8. SECTION 172(7) OF THE ACT PROVIDES TH AT PAYMENT MADE UNDER THE SECTION SHALL BE TREATED AS A PAYMENT IN ADVANCE OF THE TAX LEVIABLE FOR THAT ASSESSMENT YEAR. IT ONLY MEANS THAT SUCH PAYMENT WOULD BE TREATED AS ADVANCE OF THE TAX LEVIABLE. SUCH PAYMENTS ARE TREATED ON A PAR WITH ADVANCE INCOME TAX PAYMENTS. IT IS IMPLICIT FROM THE TENOR AND PHRASEOLOGY EMPLOYED IN SECTION 172(7) OF THE ACT TO THE EFFECT, 'PAYMENT MADE UNDER THE SECTION .... SHALL BE TREATED AS A PAYMENT IN ADVANCE OF THE TAX LEV IABLE FOR THAT ASSESSMENT YEAR' THAT IN SUBSTANCE, A LEGAL FICTION IS CREATED BY WHICH THE PAYMENTS HAVE BEEN TREATED AS ADVANCE TAX. THAT IS THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH THE LEGAL FICTION IS CREATED. IN CONSTRUING THE SAID LEGAL FICTION, IT WILL BE PROPER AND NE CESSARY TO ASSUME ALL THOSE FACTS ON WHICH ALONE THE FICTION CAN OPERATE. THE LAW ON THE POINT HAS BEEN STATED IN INNUMERABLE DECISIONS OF THIS COURT. IN MOND. IQBAL MADAR SHEIKH V. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA ( 1996) 1 SCC 722 A THREE - NUMBER BENCH OF THIS COURT STATED THE LAW THUS: '..... THE EFFECT OF A LEGAL FICTION BY DEEMING CLAUSE IS WELL KNOWN. LEGISLATURE CAN INTRODUCE A STATUTORY FICTION AND COURTS HAVE TO PROCEED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT SUCH STATE OF AFFA IRS EXISTS ON THE RELEVANT DATE, BECAUSE WHEN ONE IS BIDDEN TO TREAT AN IMAGINARY STATE OF AFFAIRS AS REAL HE HAS TO ALSO IMAGINE AS REAL THE CONSEQUENCE WHICH SHALL FLOW FROM IT UNLESS PROHIBITED BY SOME OTHER STATUTORY PROVISION.' (EMPHASIS SUPPLIED) SO, NECESSARILY ALL THE PROVISIONS IN THE ACT IN RESPECT OF THE PAYMENT OF ADVANCE TAX WILL APPLY. ON EFFECTING THE REGULAR ASSESSMENT, IF THERE IS ANY EXCESS PAYMENT MADE BY THE ASSESSEE, THEN THE ASSESSEE WOULD BE ENTITLED TO THE EXCESS AMOUNT PAID AND ALSO INTEREST, FOR PAYMENTS MADE IN EXCESS OF THE TAX ASSESSED. WE ARE UNABLE TO APPRECIATE THE DISTINCTION DRAWN BY THE HIGH COURT BETWEEN 'ADVANCE TAX' AND 'PAYMENT IN ADVANCE OF THE TAX' ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 16 MENTIONED IN SECTION 172(7) OF THE ACT. WE HOLD THAT THE DISTINCTION SO DRAWN HAS NO BASIS. THE HIGH COURT HAS FURTEHR HELD THAT THE PAYMENT MADE UNDER SECTION 172(4) OF THE ACT IS NOT A PAYMENT OF SRP 70/79 ITXA989.15.DOC A DVANCE TAX WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ACT, AS THE TAX UNDER SECTION 172(4) OF THE ACT IS A PAYMENT ON ASSESSMENT AND NOT A PAYMENT OF ADVANCE TAX UNDER THE ACT. WE ARE AFRAID THAT THE HIGH COURT HAS FAILED TO GIVE DUE EFFECT TO THE LANGUAGE EMPLOYED IN SECTION 172(7) OF THE ACT AND THE SCOPE OF THE LEGAL FICTION ENSHRINED THEREIN. THE REASONING OF THE HIGH COURT IS RATHER STRAINED AS THE DISTINCTION DRAWN IS WITHOUT ANY SUBSTANCE OR DIFFERENCE. SECTION 172(7) OF THE ACT PROVIDES FOR A REGULAR ASSESSMENT, WHEREIN ALL THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT WILL APPLY. IT IS NOT A MERE PROVISION FOR ADJUSTMENT. THE HIGH COURT WAS SWAYED BY THE TITLE USED IN THE CORRESPONDING PROVISION OF THE PREDECESSOR ACT (INCOME TAX ACT , 1922 - SECTION 44 - C ), WHEREIN THERE WAS A HEADING TO THE SECTION - 'ADJUSTMENT'. SECTION 172 OF THE ACT CONTAINS NO SUCH HEADING. WE HOLD THAT THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL WAS JUSTIFIED IN HOLDING THAT SINCE THE PAYMENT MADE UNDER SECTION 172(4) OF THE ACT IS, BY FICTION, TREATED AS ADVANCE TAX, ALL THE PROVISIONS IN RESPECT OF THE ADVANCE TAX WILL APPLY AND IF ON REGULAR ASSESSMENT MADE UNDER SECTION 1 72(7) OF THE ACT, THERE IS ANY EXCESS PAYMENT MADE BY THE ASSESSEE, THEN THE ASSESSEE WOULD BE ENTITLED TO IT AND ALSO INTEREST THEREON UNDER SECTION 214 OF THE ACT. WE ANSWER THE QUESTION REFERRED TO THE HIGH COURT IN THE AFFIRMATIVE, IN FAVOUR OF THE ASSESSEES AND AGAINST THE REVENUE. .....' 52. LASTLY, IN THE CASE OF GE INDIA TECHNOLOGY CENTRE PRIVATE LIMITED VS. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX AND ANR . RE PORTED IN (2010) 10 SCC 29 THE HON'BLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA HAD AN OCCASION TO CONSIDER THE AMBIT AND SCOPE OF SECTION 195 OF THE IT ACT. AFTER REPRODUCTION OF THE SECTION, AS IT STOOD AT THE RELEVANT T IME, THE HON'BLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA HELD AS UNDER: - '6. UNDER SECTION 195(1) , THE TAX HAS TO BE DEDUCTED AT SOURCE FROM INTEREST (OTHER THAN INTEREST ON SECURITIES) OR ANY OTHER SUM ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 17 (NOT BEING SALARIES ) CHARGEABLE UNDER THE I.T. ACT IN THE CASE OF NON - RESIDENTS ONLY AND NOT IN THE CASE OF RESIDENTS. FAILURE TO DEDUCT THE TAX UNDER THIS SECTION MAY DISENTITLE THE PAYER TO ANY ALLOWANCE APART FROM PROSECU TION UNDER SECTION 276B . THUS, SECTION 195 IMPOSES A STATUTORY OBLIGATION ON ANY PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR PAYING TO A NON - RESIDENT, ANY INTEREST (NOT BEING INTEREST ON SECURITIES) OR ANY OTHER SUM (NOT BEING DIVIDEND) CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE I.T. ACT , TO DEDUCT INCOME TAX AT THE RATES IN FORCE UNLESS HE IS LIABLE TO PAY INCOME TAX THEREON AS AN AGENT. PAYMENT TO NON - RESIDENTS BY WAY OF ROYALTY AND PAYMENT FOR TECHNICAL SERVICES RENDERED IN INDIA ARE COMMON EXAMPLES OF SUMS CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE I.T. ACT TO WHICH THE AFORES TATED REQUIREMENT OF TAX DEDUCTION AT SOURCE APPLIES. 7. THE TAX SO COLLECTED AND DEDUCTED IS REQUIRED TO BE PAID TO THE CREDIT OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT IN TERMS OF SECTION 200 OF THE I.T. ACT READ WITH RULE 30 OF THE I.T. RULES 1962. FAILURE TO DEDUCT TAX OR FAILURE TO PAY TAX WOULD ALSO RENDER A PERSON LIABLE TO PENALTY UNDER SECTION 201 READ WITH SECTION 22 1 OF THE I.T. ACT. IN ADDITION, HE WOULD ALSO BE LIABLE UNDER SECTION 201(1A) TO PAY SIMPLE INTEREST AT 12 PER CENT PER ANNUM ON THE AMOUNT OF SUCH TAX FROM THE DATE ON WHICH SUCH TAX WAS DEDUCTIBLE TO THE DATE ON WHICH SUCH TAX IS ACTUALLY PAID. 8. THE MOST IMPORTANT EXPRESSION IN SECTION 195(1) CONSISTS OF THE WORDS 'CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT'. A PERSON PAYING INTEREST OR ANY OTHER SUM TO A NON - RESIDENT IS NOT LIABLE TO DEDUCT TAX IF SUCH SUM IS NOT CHARGEABLE TO TAX UNDER THE I.T. ACT . FOR INSTANCE, WHERE THERE IS NO OBLIGATION ON THE PART OF THE PAYER AND NO RIGHT TO RECEIVE THE SUM BY T HE RECIPIENT AND THAT THE PAYMENT DOES NOT ARISE OUT OF ANY CONTRACT OR OBLIGATION BETWEEN THE PAYER AND THE RECIPIENT BUT IS MADE VOLUNTARILY, SUCH PAYMENTS CANNOT BE REGARDED AS INCOME UNDER THE I.T. ACT . CONTEMPLATES NOT MERELY AMOUNTS, THE WHOLE OF WHICH ARE PURE INCOME PAYMENTS, IT ALSO COVERS COMPOSITE PAYMENTS WHICH HAS AN ELEMENT OF INCOME EMBEDDED OR INCORPORATED IN THEM. THUS, WHERE AN AMOUNT IS PAYABLE TO A NON - RESIDENT, THE PAYER IS ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 18 UNDER AN OBL IGATION TO DEDUCT TAS IN RESPECT OF SUCH COMPOSITE PAYMENTS. THE OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT TAS IS, HOWEVER, LIMITED TO THE APPROPRIATE PROPORTION OF INCOME CHARGEABLE UNDER THE ACT FORMING PART OF THE GROSS SUM OF MONEY PAYABLE TO THE NON - RESIDENT. THIS OBLIGAT ION BEING LIMITED TO THE APPROPRIATE PROPORTION OF INCOME FLOWS FROM THE WORDS USED IN SECTION 195(1) , NAMELY, 'CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT'. IT IS FOR THIS REASON THAT VIDE CIRCULAR NO. 728 DATED OCTOBER 30, 1995 THE CBDT HAS CLARIFIED THAT THE TAX DEDUCTOR CAN TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION THE EFFECT OF DTAA IN RESPECT OF PAYMENT OF ROYALTIES AND TECHNICAL FEES WHILE DEDUCTING TAS. IT MAY ALSO BE NOTED THAT SECTION 195(1) IS IN IDENTICAL TERMS WITH SECTION 18(3B) OF THE 1922 ACT. 11. WHILE DECIDING THE SCOPE OF SECTION 195(2) IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THE TAX WHICH IS REQUIRED TO BE DEDUCTED AT SOURCE IS DEDUCTIBLE ONLY OUT OF THE CHARGEABLE SUM. THIS IS THE UNDERLYING PRINCIPLE OF SECTION 195 . HENCE, APART FROM SECTION 9(1) , SECTIONS 4 , 5 , 9 , 9 0 , 91 AS WELL AS THE PROVISIONS OF DTAA ARE ALSO RELEVANT, WHILE APPLYING TAX DEDUCTION AT SOURCE PROVISIONS. 12. REFERENCE TO ITO(TDS) UNDER SECTION 195 (2) OR 195(3) EITHER BY THE NON - RESIDENT OR BY THE RESIDENT PAYER IS TO AVOID ANY FUTURE HASSLES FOR BOTH RESIDENT AS WE LL AS NON - RESIDENT. IN OUR VIEW SECTIONS 195(2) AND 195(3) ARE SAFEGUARDS. THE SAID PROVISIONS ARE OF PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE. THIS REASONING OF OURS IS BASED ON THE DECISION OF THIS COURT IN TRANSMISSION CORPORATION (SUPRA) IN WHICH THIS COURT HAS OBSERVED THAT THE PROVISION OF SECTION 195(2) IS A SAFEGUARD. FROM THIS IT FOLLOWS THAT WHERE A PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR DEDUCTION IS FAIRLY CERTAIN THEN HE CAN MAKE HIS OWN DETERMINATION AS SRP 73/79 ITXA989.15.DOC TO WHETHER THE TAX WAS DEDUCTIBLE AT SOURCE AND, IF SO, WHAT SHOULD BE THE AMOUNT THEREOF. SUBMISSIONS AND FINDINGS THEREON 13 IF THE CONTENTION OF THE DEPARTMENT THAT THE MOMENT THERE IS REMITTANCE THE OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT TAS ARISES IS TO BE ACCEPTED THEN W E ARE OBLITERATING THE WORDS 'CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT' IN SECTION 195(1) . THE SAID EXPRESSION IN SECTION 195(1) SHOWS ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 19 THAT THE REMITTANC E HAS GOT TO BE OF A TRADING RECEIPT, THE WHOLE OR PART OF WHICH IS LIABLE TO TAX IN INDIA. THE PAYER IS BOUND TO DEDUCT TAS ONLY IF THE TAX IS ASSESSABLE IN INDIA. IF TAX IS NOT SO ASSESSABLE, THERE IS NO QUESTION OF TAS BEING DEDUCTED. [SEE : VIJAY SHIP BREAKING CORPORATION AND OTHERS VS. CIT 314 ITR 309] ONE MORE ASPECT NEEDS TO BE HIGHLIGHTED. SECTION 195 FALLS IN CHAPTER XVII WHICH DEALS WITH COLLECTION AND RECOVERY. CHAPTER XVII - B DEALS WITH DEDUCTIO N AT SOURCE BY THE PAYER. ON ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS PROVISIONS OF CHAPTER XVII ONE FINDS USE OF DIFFERENT EXPRESSIONS, HOWEVER, THE EXPRESSION 'SUM CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT' IS USED ONLY IN SECTION 195 . FOR EXAMPLE, SECTION 194C CASTS AN OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT TAS IN RESPECT OF 'ANY SUM PAID TO ANY RESIDENT'. SIMILARLY, SECTIONS 194EE AND 194F INTER ALIA PROVIDE FOR DEDUCTION OF TAX IN RESPECT OF 'ANY AMOUNT' REFERRED TO IN THE SPECIFIED PROVISIONS. IN NONE OF THE PROVISIONS WE FIND THE EXPRESSION 'SUM CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE A CT', WHICH AS STATED ABOVE, IS AN EXPRESSION USED ONLY IN SECTION 195(1) . THEREFORE, THIS COURT IS REQUIRED TO GIVE MEANING AND EFFECT TO THE SAID EXPRESSION. IT FOLLOWS, THEREFORE, THAT THE OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT TAS ARISES ONLY WHEN THERE IS A SUM CHARGEABLE UNDER THE ACT. 15. SECTION 195(2) IS NOT MERELY A PROVISION TO PROVIDE INFORMATION TO THE ITO(TDS). IT IS A PROVISION REQUIRING TAX TO BE DEDUCTED AT SOURCE TO BE PAID TO THE REVENUE BY THE PAYER WHO MAKES PAYMENT TO A NON - RESIDENT. THEREFORE, SECTION 195 SRP 74/79 ITXA989.15.DOC HAS TO BE READ IN CONFORMITY WITH THE CHARGING PROVISIONS, I.E., SECTIONS 4 , 5 AND 9 . THIS REASONING FLOWS FROM THE WORDS 'SUM CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT' IN SECTION 195(1) . 16. THE FACT THAT THE REVENUE HAS NOT OBTAINED ANY INFORMATION PER SE CANNOT BE A GROUND TO CONSTRUE SECTION 195 WIDELY SO AS TO REQUIRE DEDUCTION OF TAS EVEN IN A CASE WHERE AN AMOUNT PAI D IS NOT CHARGEABLE TO TAX IN INDIA AT ALL. WE CANNOT READ SECTION 195 , AS SUGGESTED BY THE DEPARTMENT, NAMELY, THAT THE MOMENT THERE IS REMITTANCE THE OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT TAS ARISES. IF WE WERE TO ACCEP T SUCH A CONTENTION IT WOULD MEAN THAT ON MERE PAYMENT INCOME WOULD BE SAID TO ARISE OR ACCRUE IN INDIA. THEREFORE, AS STATED EARLIER, IF THE CONTENTION OF THE ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 20 DEPARTMENT WAS ACCEPTED IT WOULD MEAN OBLITERATION OF THE EXPRESSION 'SUM CHARGEABLE UNDER THE P ROVISIONS OF THE ACT' FROM SECTION 195(1) . WHILE INTERPRETING A SECTION ONE HAS TO GIVE WEIGHTAGE TO EVERY WORD USED IN THAT SECTION. WHILE INTERPRETING THE PROVISIONS OF THE INCOME TAX ACT ONE CANNOT READ THE CHARGING SECTIONS OF THAT ACT DE HORS THE MACHINERY SECTIONS. THE ACT IS TO BE READ AS AN INTEGRATED CODE. 17. SECTION 195 APPEARS IN CHAPTER XVII WHICH DEALS WITH COLLECTION AND RECOVERY. AS HELD IN THE CASE OF C.I.T. VS. ELI LILLY & CO. (INDIA) (P.) LTD. [312 ITR 225] THE PROVISIONS FOR DEDUCTION OF TAS WHICH IS IN CHAPTER XVII DEALING WITH COLLECTI ON OF TAXES AND THE CHARGING PROVISIONS OF THE I.T. ACT FORM ONE SINGLE INTEGRAL, INSEPARABLE CODE AND, THEREFORE, THE PROVISIONS RELATING TO TDS APPLIES ONLY TO THOSE SUMS WHICH ARE 'CHARGEABLE TO TAX' UN DER THE I.T. ACT . IT IS TRUE THAT THE JUDGMENT IN ELI LILLY (SUPRA) WAS CONFINED TO SECTION 192 OF THE I.T. ACT. HOWEVER, THERE IS SOME SIMILARITY BETWEEN THE TWO. IF ONE LOOKS AT SECTION 192 ONE FINDS THAT IT IMPOSES STATUTORY OBLIGATION ON THE PAYER TO DEDUCT TAS WHEN HE PAYS ANY INCOME 'CHARGEABLE UNDER THE HEAD SALARIES'. SIMILARLY, SECTION 195 IMPOSES A STATUTORY OBLIGATION ON ANY PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR PAYING TO A NON - RESIDENT ANY SUM 'CHARGEABLE UNDER SRP 75/79 ITXA989.15.DOC THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT', WHICH EXPRESSION, AS STATED ABOVE, DO NOT FIND PLACE IN OTHER SECTIONS OF CHAPTER XVII. IT IS IN THIS SENSE THAT WE HOLD THAT THE I.T. ACT CONSTITUTES ONE SINGLE INTEGRAL INSEPARABLE CODE. HENCE, THE PROVISIONS RELATING TO TDS APPLIES ONLY TO THOSE SUM S WHICH ARE CHARGEABLE TO TAX UNDER THE I.T. ACT . 18. IF THE CONTENTION OF THE DEPARTMENT THAT ANY PERSON MAKING PAYMENT TO A NON - RESIDENT IS NECESSARILY REQUIRED TO DEDUCT TAS THEN THE CONSEQUENCE WOULD B E THAT THE DEPARTMENT WOULD BE ENTITLED TO APPROPRIATE THE MONEYS DEPOSITED BY THE PAYER EVEN IF THE SUM PAID IS NOT CHARGEABLE TO TAX BECAUSE THERE IS NO PROVISION IN THE I.T. ACT BY WHICH A PAYER CAN OBT AIN REFUND. SECTION 237 READ WITH SECTION 199 IMPLIES THAT ONLY THE RECIPIENT OF THE SUM, I.E., THE PAYEE COULD SEEK A REFUND. IT MUST ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 21 THEREFORE FOLLOW, I F THE DEPARTMENT IS RIGHT, THAT THE LAW REQUIRES TAX TO BE DEDUCTED ON ALL PAYMENTS. THE PAYER, THEREFORE, HAS TO DEDUCT AND PAY TAX, EVEN IF THE SO - CALLED DEDUCTION COMES OUT OF HIS OWN POCKET AND HE HAS NO REMEDY WHATSOEVER, EVEN WHERE THE SUM PAID BY HI M IS NOT A SUM CHARGEABLE UNDER THE ACT. THE INTERPRETATION OF THE DEPARTMENT, THEREFORE, NOT ONLY REQUIRES THE WORDS 'CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT' TO BE OMITTED, IT ALSO LEADS TO AN ABSURD CONSEQUENCE. THE INTERPRETATION PLACED BY THE DEPAR TMENT WOULD RESULT IN A SITUATION WHERE EVEN WHEN THE INCOME HAS NO TERRITORIAL NEXUS WITH INDIA OR IS NOT CHARGEABLE IN INDIA, THE GOVERNMENT WOULD NONETHELESS COLLECT TAX. IN OUR VIEW, SECTION 195(2) PR OVIDES A REMEDY BY WHICH A PERSON MAY SEEK A DETERMINATION OF THE 'APPROPRIATE PROPORTION OF SUCH SUM SO CHARGEABLE' WHERE A PROPORTION OF THE SUM SO CHARGEABLE IS LIABLE TO TAX. 19. THE ENTIRE BASIS OF THE DEPARTMENT'S CONTENTION IS BASED ON ADMINISTRATIV E CONVENIENCE IN SUPPORT OF ITS INTERPRETATION. ACCORDING TO THE DEPARTMENT HUGE SEEPAGE OF REVENUE CAN TAKE PLACE IF PERSONS MAKING PAYMENTS TO NON - RESIDENTS ARE FREE TO DEDUCT TAS OR NOT TO DEDUCT TAS. IT IS THE SRP 76/79ITXA989.15.DOC CASE OF THE DEPART MENT THAT SECTION 195(2) , AS INTERPRETED BY THE HIGH COURT, WOULD PLUG THE LOOPHOLE AS THE SAID INTERPRETATION REQUIRES THE PAYER TO MAKE A DECLARATION BEFORE THE ITO(TDS) OF PAYMENTS MADE TO NON - RESIDENT S. IN OTHER WORDS, ACCORDING TO THE DEPARTMENT SECTION 195(2) IS A PROVISION BY WHICH PAYER IS REQUIRED TO INFORM THE DEPARTMENT OF THE REMITTANCES HE MAKES TO THE NON - RESIDENTS BY WHICH THE DEPARTMENT I S ABLE TO KEEP TRACK OF THE REMITTANCES BEING MADE TO NON - RESIDENTS OUTSIDE INDIA. 20. WE FIND NO MERIT IN THESE CONTENTIONS. AS STATED HEREINABOVE, SECTION 195(1) USES THE EXPRESSION 'SUM CHARGEABLE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT.' WE NEED TO GIVE WEIGHTAGE TO THOSE WORDS. FURTHER, SECTION 195 USES THE WORD `PAYER' AND NOT THE WORD 'ASSESSEE'. THE PAYER IS NOT AN ASSESSEE. ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 22 THE PAYER BECOMES AN ASSESSEE - IN - DEFAULT ONLY WHEN HE FAILS TO FULFILL THE STATUTORY OBLIGATION UNDER SECTION 195(1) . IF THE PAYMENT DOES NOT CONTAIN THE ELEMENT OF INCOME THE PAYER CANNOT BE MADE LIABLE. HE CANNOT BE DECLARED TO BE AN ASSESSEE - IN - DEFAULT. 21. THE ABOVEMENTIONED CONTENTION OF THE DEPARTMENT IS BASED ON AN APPREHENSION WHICH IS ILL FOUNDED. THE PAYER IS ALSO AN ASSESSEE UNDER THE ORDINARY PROVISIONS OF THE I.T. ACT . WHEN THE PAYER REMITS AN AMOUNT TO A NON - RESIDENT OUT OF INDIA HE CLAIMS DEDUCTION OR ALLOWANCES UNDER THE INCOME TAX ACT FOR THE SAID SUM AS AN 'EXPENDITURE'. UNDER SECTION 40(A)(I) , INSERTED VIDE FINANCE ACT , 1988 W.E.F. 1.4.89, PAYMENT IN RESPECT OF ROYALTY, FEES FOR TECHNICAL SERVICES OR OTHER SUMS CHARGEABLE UNDER THE INCOME TAX ACT WOULD NOT GET THE BENEFIT OF DEDUCTION IF THE ASSESSEE FAILS TO DEDUCT TAS IN RESPECT OF PAYMENTS OUTSIDE INDIA WHICH ARE CHARGEABLE UNDER THE I.T. ACT . THIS PROVISION ENSURES EFFECTIVE COMPLIANCE OF SECTION 195 OF THE I.T. ACT RELATING TO TAX DEDUCTION AT SOURCE IN RESPECT OF PAYMENTS OUTSIDE INDIA IN RESPECT OF ROYALTIES, FEES OR OTHER SUMS CHARGEABLE UNDER THE I.T. ACT . IN A GIVEN CASE WHERE THE PAYER IS AN ASSESSEE HE WILL DEFINITELY CLAIM DEDUCTION UNDER THE I.T. ACT FOR SUCH SRP 77/79ITXA989.15.DOC REMITTANCE AND O N INQUIRY IF THE AO FINDS THAT THE SUMS REMITTED OUTSIDE INDIA COMES WITHIN THE DEFINITION OF ROYALTY OR FEES FOR TECHNICAL SERVICE OR OTHER SUMS CHARGEABLE UNDER THE I.T. ACT THEN IT WOULD BE OPEN TO THE AO TO DISALLOW SUCH CLAIM FOR DEDUCTION. SIMILARLY, VIDE FINANCE ACT , 2008, W.E.F. 1.4.2008 SUB - SECTION (6) HAS BEEN INSERTED IN SECTION 195 WHICH REQUIR ES THE PAYER TO FURNISH INFORMATION RELATING TO PAYMENT OF ANY SUM IN SUCH FORM AND MANNER AS MAY BE PRESCRIBED BY THE BOARD. THIS PROVISION IS BROUGHT INTO FORCE ONLY FROM 1.4.2008. IT WILL NOT APPLY FOR THE PERIOD WITH WHICH WE ARE CONCERNED IN THESE CAS ES BEFORE US. THEREFORE, IN OUR VIEW, THERE ARE ADEQUATE SAFEGUARDS IN THE ACT WHICH WOULD PREVENT REVENUE LEAKAGE.' 53. IN THE VIEW THAT WE HAVE TAKEN, IT IS NOT NECESSARY TO REFER THE JUDGMENT OF A DIVISION BENCH OF THE DELHI HIGH IN THE CASE OF EMIRATES SHIPPING LINE, FZE VS. ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF INCOME ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 23 TAX REPORTED IN (2012) 349 ITR 493 . SUFFICE IT TO NOTE THAT THE VIEW TAKEN BY THE DIVISION BENCH AND PARTICULARLY IN PARAS 17 AND 18 OF THIS JUDGMENT ACCORDS WITH THE CONCLUSION REACHED BY US. 54. THE DIFFICULTY IS PRESENTED ONLY WHEN PROVISIONS ARE NOT READ TOGETHER AND HARMONIOUSLY SO ALSO WITHOUT BEARING IN MIND THE SETTING AND PLACEMENT THEREOF IN THE CHAPTERS. THESE CHAPTERS OF THE INCOME TAX ACT COVER SEVERAL ASPECTS IN RELATION SRP 78/79 ITXA989.15.DOC TO IMPOSITION, LEVY, ASSESSMENT, COLLECTION AND RECOVERY OF TAX ON THE INCOME SPECIFIED ABOVE. TO THE EXTENT CONTRARY TO ABOVE, WE OVERRULE THE VI EW IN ORIENT GOA'S CASE (SUPRA). THE QUESTION REFERRED IS ANSWERED ACCORDINGLY. SINCE THE QUESTION ABOVE IS REFERRED TO US, HAVING ANSWERED IT, LET THE APPEALS BE NOW LISTED FOR HEARING BEFORE APPROPRIATE DIVISION BENCH. 9 . ON APPRAISAL OF THE ABOVE MENTIONED FINDING, WE NOTICED THAT THE EARLIER FINDING IN THE CASE CIT VS. ORIENT (GOA) PVT. LTD. HAS BEEN OVERRULED BY THIS DECISION, THEREFORE, IN VIEW OF THE DECISION OF HONBLE HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF CIT VS. DEMPO (SUPRA), W E SET ASIDE THE FINDING OF THE CIT(A) ON THIS ISSUE AND ALLOWED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE. ISSUE NO . 2.2 10. UNDER THIS ISSUE THE ASSESSEE HAS CHALLENGED THE DISALLOWANCE OF PAYMENT OF LICENSE CHARGES ON ACCOUNT OF NON - DEDUCTION OF TAXES AT SOURCE U/S 195 OF THE ACT. THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS ARGUED THAT THE CIT(A) HAS WRONGLY CONFIRMED THE ADDITION RAISED BY AO IN CONNECTION WITH THE PAYMENT OF LICENSE CHARGES FOR THE PURCHASE OF SOFTWARE AMOUNTING TO RS.1,87,22 0/ - U/S 40(A)(IA) OF THE ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 24 ACT ON ACCOUNT OF NON - DEDUCTION TAX AT SOURCE U/S 195 OF THE ACT. THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS ARGUED THAT THE ISSUE HAS DULY BEEN COVERED IN THE ASSESSEES FAVOUR IN VIEW OF THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE ITAT IN THE CA SE OF SHINHAN BANK VS. DDIT(IT) (76 TAXMANN.COM 42), THEREFORE, IN THE SAID CIRCUMSTANCES, THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE IS LIABLE TO BE ALLOWED. THE CLAIM OF THE REVENUE IS THAT THE CASE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS DULY BEEN COVERED UNDER EXPLANATION - 4 OF SECTION 9( 1)(VI) OF THE ACT WHICH CAME INTO FORCE BY FINANCE ACT. THE PRESENT CASE OF THE ASSESSEE IS IN CONNECTION WITH THE A.Y. 2010 - 11. THE AMENDMENT PROVISION CAME INTO FORCE UNDER FINANCE ACT, 2012 UNDOUBTEDLY, THE SAME IS PROSPECTIVELY AND COULD NOT BE APPLIED RESROPECTIVELY . THIS ISSUE HAS DISCUSSED AND DECIDED BY HONBLE ITAT IN THE CASE OF SHINHAN BANK VS. DDIT(IT) (76 TAXMANN.COM 42) DATED 04.07.2016. THE RELEVANT FINDING HAS BEEN GIVEN IN PARA NO. 8 WHICH IS HEREBY REPRODUCED AS UNDER.: - 8. WE HAVE HEARD THE RIVAL SUBMISSIONS AND ALSO PERUSED THE RELEVANT FINDINGS GIVEN IN THE IMPUGNED ORDER. THE PAYMENT TOWARDS SOFTWARE CHARGES TO M/S COMAS INC FOR PROCUREMENT OF SOFTWARE HAS BEEN TREATED AS ROYALTY BY THE AO. REVENUES STAND BEFORE US IS THAT, NOW I N THE WAKE OF EXPLANATION 4 TO SECTION 9(1)(VI) THE PAYMENT ON ACCOUNT OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE INCLUDING GRANTING OF LICENSE WHICH HAS BEEN BROUGHT IN THE STATUTE BY THE FINANCE ACT, 2012 WITH RETROSPECTIVE EFFECT FROM 1.6.1976 BRINGS SUCH TYPE OF PAYMENT WIT HIN THE SCOPE AND AMBIT OF ENLARGED DEFINITION OF ROYALTY. ADMITTEDLY, AT THE TIME OF PAYMENT TO M/S COMAS INC FOR THE SOFTWARE CHARGES IN MAY 2008 BY THE ASSESSEE THERE WAS NO SUCH PROVISION UNDER THE ACT THAT TRANSFER OF ANY RIGHT FOR USE OR RIGHT TO USE THE COMPUTER SOFTWARE INCLUDED GRANTING OF LICENSE IRRESPECTIVE OF MEDIUM THROUGH WHICH SUCH RIGHT IS TRANSFERRED WAS NOT ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 25 THERE IN THE STATUTE. THE CASE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS BEEN THAT IT HAS ONLY PURCHASED SOFTWARE FOR ITS BANKING BUSINESS AND LICENSE WAS GIVEN ONLY FOR USING THE SOFTWARE. THERE IS NO TRANSFER OF ANY COPY RIGHT ALBEIT IT WAS THE TRANSFER OF THE COPY RIGHTED ARTICLE. WITHOUT GOING INTO THE MERITS WHETHER THE SAID PAYMENT WILL FALL WITHIN THE NATURE OF ROYALTY UNDER THE NEWLY AMENDED PR OVISION BROUGHT WITH RETROSPECTIVE EFFECT OR NOT, WE ARE OF THE OPINION THAT, AT THE TIME OF MAKING OF THE PAYMENT THERE WAS NO SUCH PROVISION UNDER THE LAW TO TAX SUCH PAYMENT OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE AS ROYALTY. IN FACT, AS POINTED OUT BY THE LD. CIT(A) IN THE CASE OF MOTOROLA INC (SUPRA) WAS THERE WHEREIN IT WAS HELD THAT IF THE LICENSEES IS NOT ALLOWED TO EXPLOIT THE COMPUTER SOFTWARE COMMERCIALLY WHICH THEY HAD ACQUIRED REQUIRED UNDER THE LICENSE AGREEMENT AND ONLY THE COPY RIGHTED SOFTWARE WHICH BY IT SELF WAS AN ARTICLE AND NOT ANY COPY RIGHT THEREIN, THEN, THE PAYMENT MADE FOR COPY RIGHTED ARTICLE WHICH REPRESENTED THE PURCHASE PRICE CANNOT BE CONSIDERED AS ROYALTY UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 9(1)(VI) OF THE ACT. ONCE THAT IS SO, THEN IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO HOLD THAT THE ASSESSEE SHOULD HAVE DEDUCTED TDS ON SUCH PAYMENT WHEN THERE WAS NO CLEAR CUT LAW THAT SUCH A PAYMENT WOULD BE TAXABLE IN INDIA. HERE, THE MAXIM OF 'LEX NON COGIT AD IMPOSSPLIA, THAT IS, THE LAW OF THE POSSIBLY COMPELLING A PERS ON TO DO SOMETHING WHICH IS IMPOSSIBLE, THAT IS, WHEN THERE IS NO PROVISION FOR TAXING AN AMOUNT IN INDIA THEN HOW IT CAN BE EXPECTED THAT A TAX SHOULD BE DEDUCTED ON SUCH A PAYMENT. THIS VIEW HAS BEEN UPHELD BY THE ITAT MUMBAI BENCH IN THE CASE OF CHANNEL GUIDE INDIA LIMITED (SUPRA) AND CATENA OF OTHER DECISIONS AS CITED BY LD. COUNSEL, WHEREIN IT HAS BEEN HELD THAT, ASSESSEE CANNOT HELD TO BE LIABLE FOR DEDUCTING TDS IN VIEW OF THE RETROSPECTIVE AMENDMENT WHICH HAS COME AT A MUCH LATER DATE. THUS, WE HOLD THAT THE ASSESSEE WAS NOT OBLIGED TO DEDUCT TDS THE TIME OF MAKING THE PAYMENT AND THE LAW WHICH HAS COME INTO STATUTE AFTER FOUR YEARS FROM THE DATE OF PAYMENT CANNOT BE HELD TO BE APPLIED RETROSPECTIVELY AT BEST FOR DEDUCTION OF TDS. THUS, WE HOLD THAT DISALLOWANCE U/S 40(A)(I) FOR NON DEDUCTION OF TDS CANNOT BE UPHELD. SO FAR AS THE RELIANCE PLACED BY THE LD.DR IN THE DECISION OF HONBLE KARNATAKA HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO. LTD.(SUPRA), WE FIND THAT THE HONBLE DELHI HIGH COURT IN SEVERAL CASES LIKE, DIT V/S NOKIA NET WORKS AND DIT V/S INFRASOFTWARE LTD HAS CONSIDERED THE SAID ISSUE AND HAS NOT FOLLOWED THE RATIO LAID DOWN BY THE KARNATAKA HIGH COURT IN SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO. ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 26 LTD. (SUPRA). SINCE, THE DELHI HIGH COURT IS THE LA TEST DECISION, WHEREIN THE DECISION OF HONBLE KARNATAKA HIGH COURT HAS BEEN CONSIDERED, THEREFORE, WE ARE INCLINED TO FOLLOW THE SAME. THE FINDING OF THE HONBLE DELHI HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF INFRASOFT LTD (SUPRA) ARE REPRODUCED BELOW: 97. WHAT IS TRA NSFERRED IS NEITHER THE COPYRIGHT IN THE SOFTWARE NOR THE USE OF THE COPYRIGHT IN THE SOFTWARE, BUT WHAT IS TRANSFERRED IS THE RIGHT TO USE THE COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL OR ARTICLE WHICH IS CLEARLY DISTINCT FROM THE RIGHTS IN A COPYRIGHT. THE RIGHT THAT IS TRAN SFERRED IS NOT A RIGHT TO USE THE COPYRIGHT BUT IS ONLY LIMITED TO THE RIGHT TO USE THE COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL AND THE SAME DOES NOT GIVE RISE TO ANY ROYALTY INCOME AND WOULD BE BUSINESS INCOME. 98. WE ARE NOT IN AGREEMENT WITH THE DECISION OF THE KARNATAKA HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO. LTD (SUPRA) THAT RIGHT TO MAKE A COPY OF THE SOFTWARE AND STORING THE SAME IN THE HARD DISK OF THE DESIGNATED COMPUTER AND TAKING BACKUP COPY WOULD AMOUNT TO COPYRIGHT WORK UNDER SECTION 14(1) OF THE COPYRI GHT ACT AND THE PAYMENT MADE FOR THE GRANT OF THE LICENCE FOR THE SAID PURPOSE WOULD CONSTITUTE ROYALTY. THE LICENSE GRANTED TO THE LICENSEE PERMITTING HIM TO DOWNLOAD THE COMPUTER PROGRAMME AND STORING IT IN THE COMPUTER FOR HIS OWN USE WAS ONLY INCIDENTA L TO THE FACILITY EXTENDED TO THE LICENSEE TO MAKE USE OF THE COPYRIGHTED PRODUCT FOR HIS INTERNAL BUSINESS PURPOSE. THE SAID PROCESS WAS NECESSARY TO MAKE THE PROGRAMME FUNCTIONAL AND TO HAVE ACCESS TO IT AND IS QUALITATIVELY DIFFERENT FROM THE RIGHT CONT EMPLATED BY THE SAID PROVISION BECAUSE IT IS ONLY INTEGRAL TO THE USE OF COPYRIGHTED PRODUCT. THE RIGHT TO MAKE A BACKUP COPY PURELY AS A TEMPORARY PROTECTION AGAINST LOSS, DESTRUCTION OR DAMAGE HAS BEEN HELD BY THE DELHI HIGH COURT IN NOKIA NETWORKS OY (S UPRA) AS NOT AMOUNTING TO ACQUIRING A COPYRIGHT IN THE SOFTWARE. THUS, RESPECTFULLY FOLLOWING THE PROPOSITION LAID DOWN BY THE HONBLE DELHI HIGH COURT, WE HOLD THAT THE ASSESSEE WAS NOT LIABLE TO DEDUCT TDS ON SUCH PAYMENT. THEREFORE, NO DISALLOWANCE U/ S 40(A)(I) IS CALLED FOR IN THE PRESENT CASE. ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 27 11 . IN VIEW OF THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE MUMBAI ITAT IN THE CASE OF SHINHAN BANK VS. DDIT(IT) (76 TAXMANN.COM 42) DATED 04.07.2016 , WE ARE OF THE VIEW OF THE ASSESSEE WAS NOT UNDER OBLIGATION TO DEDUCT THE TDS ON SUCH PAYMENT, THEREFORE, NO DISALLOWANCE IS LIABLE U/S 40(A)(IA) OF THE ACT. ACCORDINGLY, WE SET ASIDE THE FINDING OF THE CIT(A) ON THIS ISSUE AND ALLOWED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE . ITA. NO. 4300/M / 2016 12 . THE REVENUE HAS FILED THE PRESENT APPEAL AGAINST THE ORDER DATED 28.03.2016 PASSED BY THE COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS) - 58, MUMBAI (HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS THE CIT(A)) RELEVANT TO THE ASSESSMENT YEAR 2010 - 11. 1 3 . THE REVENUE HAS RAISED THE FOLLOWING GROUNDS.: - 1. 'WHETHER IN LAW AND ON THE FACTS AND IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE, THE LD. CIT(A) ERRED IN IGNORING THE PERTINENT FACT THAT, REIMBURSEMENT OF SALARY COSTS AND RELATED RELOCATION EXPENSES MADE ON ACCOUNT OF AVAILING PERSONNEL SERVICES FROM ITS AES WHO WERE SENT TO INDIA O N AN ASSIGNMENT, FALLS WITHIN THE AMBIT OF SECTION 195 R.W.S. 9(1)(VII) AND THE EXPLANATION TO SECTION 9(2) OF THE INCOME - TAX ACT, 1961?' 2. 'WHETHER IN LAW AND ON THE FACTS AND IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE, THE LD. CIT(A) ERRED IN IGNORING THE PERTINE NT FACT THAT PAYMENT OF INSPECTION AND SURVEY FEES PAID TO THE FOREIGN ENTITIES MIS. INTERTEK TESTING SERVICES AND MIS. SGS TESTING & CONTROL SERVICES SINGAPORE FALLS WITHIN THE AMBIT OF SECTION 195 R.W.S. 9(1)(VII) AND THE EXPLANATION TO SECTION 9(2) OF T HE INCOME - TAX ACT, 1961?' ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 28 3. 'WHETHER IN LAW AND ON THE FACTS AND IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE, THE LD. CIT(A) ERRED IN IGNORING THE PERTINENT FACT THAT PAYMENT OF MEMBERSHIP & SUBSCRIPTION FEES, REGISTRATION CHARGES, TRAINING CHARGES, CONFERENCE AND S EMINAR EXPENSES PAID TO FOREIGN ENTITIES FALLS WITHIN THE AMBIT OF SECTION 195 R.W.S. 9(1)(VII) AND THE EXPLANATION TO SECTION 9(2) OF THE INCOME - TAX ACT, 1961?' 4. 'WHETHER IN LAW AND ON THE FACTS AND IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE, THE LD. CIT(A) ERRED IN NOT FOLLOWING THE DECISION IN THE CASE OF DCIT(LTU) VS DICGC LTD. [ITA NOS 2361 & 2524/MUM /2011] AND DECISION OF THE HON, BLE APEX COURT IN THE CASE OF TRANSMISSION CORPORATION AND ORS (AP) VS CIT [155 CTR 489] (SC)?' 5. 'THE APPELLANT PRAYS THAT THE OR DER OF THE CIT (A) ON THE ABOVE GROUNDS BE SET ASIDE AND THAT OF THE A.O. BE RESTORED.' 6. 'THE APPELLANT CRAVES LEAVE TO AMEND OR ALTER ANY GROUNDS OR ADD A NEW GROUND WHICH MAY BE NECESSARY.' 1 4 . THE FACT OF THE PRESENT CASE IS SIMILAR TO THE FACT OF THE CASE AS NARRATED IN THE APPEAL OF THE ASSESSEE BEARING ITA. NO. 4135/M/2016 , THEREFORE, THERE IS NO NEED TO REPEAT THE SAME. ISSUE NO. 1 15 . UNDER THIS ISSUE THE REVENUE HAS CHALLENGED THE ALLOWANCE OF THE CLAIM OF ASSESSEE IN CONNECTION WITH THE REI MBURSEMENT OF SALARY COST OF RELATED RELOCATION EXPENSES MADE ON ACCOUNT OF AVAILING PERSONNEL SERVICES FROM ITS AES WHO HAS BEEN INDIA ON AN ASSIGNMENT. THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE REVENUE HAS ARGUED THAT THE SUCH TYPE OF PAYMENT FALLS WITHIN THE AMBIT OF SECTION 195 R.W.S. 9(1)(VII) OF THE ACT AND THE EXPLANATION TO SEC TION 9(2) OF THE I.T. ACT, 1961, THEREFORE, CIT(A) HAS WRONGLY ALLOWED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE, ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 29 HENCE, THE FINDING OF THE CIT(A) IS WRONG AGAINST LAW AND FACTS AND IS LIABLE TO BE SET ASIDE. H OWEVER ON THE OTHER HAND, THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS REFUTED THE SAID CONTENTION. BEFORE GOING FURTHER, WE DEEM IT NECESSARY TO ADVERT THE FINDING OF THE CIT(A) ON RECORD.: - 9 GROUND NO. 5.2 RELATES TO NON - DEDUCTION OF TDS ON REIMBURSEMENT OF SALARY COSTS AND RELATED RELOCATION EXPENSES OF RS.6,47,96,467. DURING THE YEAR, THE APPELLANT HAS AVAILED PERSONNEL SERVICES FROM VARIOUS ASSOCIATE ENTERPRISES BASED ON ITS REQUIREMENTS. FOR THIS, THE AP PELLANT HAS ENTERED INTO AN ARRANGEMENT WITH THE COMPANIES WHOSE MANPOWER HAVE BEEN TAKEN ON DEPUTATION BASIS. AS A MATTER OF CONVENIENCE AND TO ENSURE THAT THE NON - RESIDENTS CONTINUED TO HAVE SOCIAL BENEFITS IN THEIR COUNTRY OF RESIDENCE, SALARY WAS PAID BY THE COMPANIES WHO DEPUTED THESE PERSONNEL AND CHARGED TO THE APPELLANT COMPANY. THE APPELLANT COMPANY, WHILE MAKING THE REIMBURSEMENT, DEDUCTED SUITABLE TAXES U/S 192 OF THE ACT. 9. I THE AO HAS OBSERVED THAT THE APPELLANT HAS NOT PAID THE SALARY INTO T HE BANK ACCOUNTS OF THE DEPUTED PERSONNEL DIRECTLY BUT THE AMOUNT HAS BEEN PAID TOWARDS COST TO THE DEPUTING COMPANIES AND THE SOCIAL SECURITY EXPENSES. THE AO HAS INFERRED THAT THE EMPLOYEES HAVE BEEN SECONDED TO INDIA FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSE AND THE AES HAV E RETAINED THEIR RIGHTS AS AN EMPLOYER OVER THESE EMPLOYEES. THE RIGHT AND CONTROL TO APPOINT AND REMOVE THESE EMPLOYEES IS STILL VESTED WITH THE EMPLOYER WHICH IS SEPARATE FROM ASSESSEE COMPANY AND IT CANNOT BE SAID THAT THE PAYMENTS MADE BY THE ASSESSEE COMPANY TO SUCH ENTITIES HAVING CONTROL OVER THE EMPLOYEES AS EMPLOYERS AMOUNTS TO REIMBURSEMENT OF SALARIES PAID FOR SERVICES RENDERED IN INDIA ON WHICH TDS IS APPLICABLE LIDS 192. RE AO HAS CLAIMED THAT THIS IS A CASE OF DUAL EMPLOYMENT WHERE THE APPELLA NT IS THE ECONOMIC EMPLOYER AND THE AES ARE LEGAL EMPLOYER. BY SENDING THEIR EMPLOYEES TO INDIA, THE AES ARC ACTUALLY RENDERING SERVICES TO THE ASSESSEE COMPANY IN INDIA AND ACCORDINGLY, THE PAYMENTS MADE BY THE ASSESSEE COMPANY ARE IN THE NATURE OF FEE FO R TECHNICAL SERVICE (FTS). ACCORDINGLY, THE AO ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 30 HAS CONCLUDED THAT TUS OUGHT TO HAVE BEEN DEDUCTED U/S 195 BY THE APPELLANT. 9.2 THE AO HAS RELIED ON THE DECISION OF AAR IN THE CASE OF VERIZON DATA SERVICES INDIA PVT I.TD (AAR NO. 865 OF 2010), CENTRICA OFF SHORE PVT LTD (AAR NO. 856 OF 2010) AND AT&S INDIA PVT LTD [2006) 287 ITR 421 WHEREIN IT HAS BEEN HELD THAT REIMBURSEMENT IS IN THE NATURE OF FTS AND THE FACT THAT TAXES ARE PAID UNDER HEAD 'SALARIES' IS OF NO CONSEQUENCE. 9.3 THE SUBMISSION MADE BY THE AP PELLANT ON THIS ISSUE IS SUMMARIZED AS BELOW; 9.3.1 THE APPELLANT HAD AVAILED SERVICES OF PERSONNEL/EMPLOYEES WHO WERE OIL PAYROLLS OF ITS ASSOCIATED ENTERPRISES ('AE'), AND IN LIEU OF THE SAME, SALARY, RELOCATION AND OTHER RELATED CHARGES WERE SUBSEQUENT LY RECHARGED (BY WAY OF REIMBURSEMENTS) BY THE AES TO THE APPELLANT. IT MAY BE NOTED THAT FOR THE PURPOSES OF ADMINISTRATIVE CONVENIENCE, THE EMPLOYEES REMAINED ON THE PAYROLLS OF THE AES AND THEIR SALARY AND OTHER RELATED COSTS WERE REIMBURSED BY THE APPE LLANT TO THE AES, INSTEAD OF PAYING TO THE EMPLOYEES. ACCORDINGLY, TIME APPELLANT HAD REIMBURSED A SUM OF US 6,37,87,105 TO ITS AES TOWARDS SALARY AND RELATED COSTS OF SUCH PERSONNEL AND RS 10,09,452 TOWARDS RELOCATION EXPENSES. THE APPELLANT HAS CONTENDED THAT IT HAD DISCHARGED ITS TDS OBLIGATIONS UNDER SECTION 192 OF THE ACT ON SALARY AMOUNT PAYABLE TO THE EMPLOYEES (PAID THROUGH THE AES AND NOT TO EMPLOYEES DIRECTLY DUE TO ADMINISTRATIVE CONVENIENCE). 9.3.2 THE APPELLANT HAS CONTENDED THAT THE SALARY, RE LOCATION AND OTHER RELATED CHARGES PAID BY WAY TO THE AES HAD NO ELEMENT OF MARK - UP INVOLVED (I.E. COST TO COST REIMBURSEMENTS). FURTHER, THE AES HAVE MERELY PROVIDED THEIR PERSONNEL/ EMPLOYEES TO THE APPELLANT NO SERVICES HAVE BEEN PROVIDED BY THE AES. AC CORDINGLY, IN THE ABSENCE OF ANY SERVICES BEING PROVIDED BY THE ALS THERE IS NO QUESTION OF WITHHOLDING TAX ON RECHARGE OF THE EMPLOYEES' SALARY COSTS (ON WHICH TAXES HAVE BEEN DEDUCTED UNDER SECTION 192 OF THE ACT) REIMBURSED TO THEM ON A COST - TO - COST BAS IS. 9.3.3 TO SUBSTANTIATE THAT MERELY THE SALARY COSTS HAVE BEEN REIMBURSED BY THE APPELLANT TO THE AES AND THAT THERE IS NO MARKUP CLEMENT INVOLVED THEREIN, THE APPELLANT HAS REFERRED TO CLAUSE 1 - 5 OF THE COST REIMBURSEMENT AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 31 BETWEEN THE APPELLANT AND TOTAL SA WHEREIN IT IS PROVIDED AS UNDER 1. TOTAL PETROLEUM INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED INTENDS TO HIRE PERSONNEL OF TOTAL SA (HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS EXPATRIATES) FOR THE PURPOSE OF ITS BUSINESS OPERATIONS IN INDIA 2. TOTAL SA HAS AGREED TO SECOND THE EXPATRIATES TO TOTAL PETROLEUM INDIO PRIVATE LIMITED FOR THE ABOVE SAID PURPOSE AND FOR THE SPECIFIED PERIOD OF TIME 3. FOR THE SAKE OF ADMINISTRATIVE CONVENIENCE, TOTAL SA WILL CONTINUE TO PAY THE SALARY OF THE EXPATRIATES, FOR AND ON BEHALF O F TOTAL PETROLEUM INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED IN RESPECT OF THE SERVICES RENDERED TO BY THE EXPATRIATES IN INDIA TO TOTAL PETROLEUM INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED 4 3. TOTAL PETROLEUM INDIO PRIVATE LIMITED AGREES THAT IT SHALL REIMBURSE/ REPAY TO TOTAL SA THE ACTUA L COST OF REIMBURSEMENT AND OTHER COSTS RELATED TO THE INDIAN ASSIGNMENT INCURRED BY TOTAL SA IN RESPECT OF SAID EXPATRIATES DURING THE PERIOD OF THEIR SECONDMENT TO INDIA. THE SAID REIMBURSEMENT/ REPAYMENT SHALL BE WITHOUT ANY MARKUP/ PROFIT' 9.3.4 THE A PPELLANT HAS RELIED ON A NUMBER OF JUDICIAL PRONOUNCEMENTS. SOME OF THEM ARE: DDIT VS TEKMARK GLOBAL SOLUTIONS LLC (38 SOT 7)(MUM), WHEREIN THE MUMBAI TRIBUNAL HELD THAT PERSONNEL DEPUTED TO THE INDIAN COMPANY WORKED UNDER THE CONTROL AND SUPERVISION OF TH E INDIAN COMPANY AND CARRIED OUT WORK ALLOTTED TO THEM BY THE INDIAN COMPANY. IDS SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS INDIA (P) LTD VS L'I'0 (122 TTJ 410) (BANG), WHEREIN IT WAS HELD THAT INDIAN COMPANY EXERCISING CONTROL AND SUPERVISION OVER A SECONDED EMPLOYEE AND BEARIN G THE SALARY COST SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS AN ECONOMIC EMPLOYER AND NOT LIABLE TO WITHHOLD TAX ON THE REIMBURSEMENT OF THE SALARY TO THE OVERSEAS COMPANY. CIT VS 003 ENGINEERS (32 TAXMANN.COM 271)(BOM) WHEREIN IT HAS BEEN THAT REIMBURSEMENT TO SISTER CONCE RNS FOR PAYMENT OF SALARIES ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 32 TO THEIR EMPLOYEES AS THEY WERE DEPUTED TO THE RESPONDENT ASSESSEE ON AN ACTUAL BASIS IS NOT LIABLE TO TAX IN INDIA HENCE NOT SUBJECT TO TDS. AON SPECIALTY SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED (ITA NO. 1640/ BANG/ 2012) WHEREIN IT WAS HELD THAT SALARY RECHARGE BY F CO TO I CO WOULD TICA BE SUBJECT TO TAX WITHHOLDING IN INDIA AS IT DID NOT REPRESENT INCOME IN THE HANDS OF THE F CO AND HENCE, WITHHOLDING UNDER SECTION 195 WAS NOT APPLICABLE. 9.3.5 THE APPELLANT HAS FURTHER CONTENDED THAT THE L EARNED AO HAS RELIED ON THE DECISION IN THE CASE OF CENTRICA INDIA OFFSHORE PRIVATE LIMITED, WITHOUT APPRECIATING THAT THE SAID DECISION IS NOT APPLICABLE TO THE FACTS OF THE INSTANT EASE. IN THE SAID DECISION, IT WAS HELD THAT THE AMOUNTS PAYABLE TO THE F OREIGN ENTITY WERE TAXABLE AS FEES FOR TECHNICAL SERVICES IN INDIA, SINCE SPECIFIED CONDITIONS WERE NOT SATISFIED. 9.4 THE CONTENTION MADE BY THE APPELLANT HAS BEEN EXAMINED AND THE FACTS OF THE CASE HAVE BEEN PERUSED. PERUSAL OF THE DECISIONS QUOTED BY THE APPELLANT AS WELL AS THE AO LEAD TO A CONCLUSION THAT IF RENDERING OF SERVICE BY EMPLOYEES WOULD CONSTITUTE TECHNICAL SERVICE IF THE EMPLOYEES WORK ON BEHALF OF THE NON - RESIDENT. IF THE EMPLOYEES WORK UNDER THE SUPERVISION AND CONTROL OF THE APPELLANT COMPANY, THEN THE SERVICE RENDERED BY THEM CANNOT BE HELD TO BE FEE FOR TECHNICAL SERVICE. 9.5 IN THIS REGARD, THE CONTRACT ENTERED INTO BY THE APPELLANT WITH THE COMPANIES DEPUTING THEN MANPOWER HAS ALREADY BEEN SUBMITTED. THE APPELLANT HAS ALSO SUBMITTED THE LETTER ISSUED BY THESE COMPANIES TO THEIR EMPLOYEES WHO HAVE BEEN DEPUTED TO THE APPELLANT COMPANY. THE LETTER IS AS REPRODUCED BELOW: THIS OFFER LETTER CONFIRMS THAT YOU ARE BEING ASSIGNED BY TOTAL RAFFINAGE MARKETING TO WORK AS A MANAGING DIRECTOR O F TOTAL LUBRICANTS INDIA LTD. YOU WILL REPORT TO MR. CHRISTIAN CHI - LAMAS OF TOTAL PETROLEUM INDIA PRIVATE LTD OR THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 33 THIS ASSIGNMENT IS CONTINGENT UPON YOUR SECURING AND MAINTAINING APPROPRIATE WORK AUTHORIZATION PERMITS AND ANY OTHER A UTHORIZATION REQUIRED FOR YOU TO CARRY OUT THIS ASSIGNMENT WITH TOTAL LUBRICAN7S INDIA LTD. AS REQUIRED UNDER THE LAWS OF MELIA ASSIGNMENT PERIOD YOUR ASSIGNMENT WILL START FROM 13M SEPTEMBER, 2006 AND END ON SUMMER 2010. HOWEVER, THIS ASSIGNMENT MAY BE TE RMINATED OR EXTENDED BY YOU OR TOTAL LUBRICANTS INDIA LID. WITH MUTUAL CONSENT BY GIVING A PRIOR NOTICE OF 90 DAYS. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 1. YOU WILL BE RELEASED FROM YOUR DUTY/JOB WITH TOTAL RAFFINAGE M4RICETING WHILE YOU ARE ASSIGNED TO TOTAL LUBRICANTS INDIA LTD YOU WILL WORK WHOLLY AND EXCLUSIVELY FOR TOTAL LUBRICANTS INDIA LTD. DURING YOUR ASSIGNMENT, YOU WILL PERFORM SUCH DUTIES AS TOTAL LUBRICANTS LTD DIRECTS YOU TO PERFORM FROM TIME TO TIME. TOTAL LUBRICANTS INDIA LTD. SHALL ASSUME COMPLE TE RESPONSIBILITY OR THE WORK CARRIED OUT DURING YOUR INDIAN ASSIGNMENT. 4. WHILE ASSIGNED TO TOTAL LUBRICANTS INDIA LTD YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO COMPLY WITH ANY LOCAL EMPLOYMENT REGULATIONS ESTABLISHED BY TOTAL LUBRICANTS INDIA LTD. AT THE ASSIGNMENT LOCAT ION. 5. YOUR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION WILL BE DONE BY TOTAL LUBRICANTS INDIA LTD. BASED ON THE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES SET BY YOUR SUPERVISOR AND THE ACTUAL RESULTS ACHIEVED DURING YOUR ASSIGNMENT. TERMS AND CONDITIONS ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 34 THE REMUNERATION AND OTHER BENEFITS THAT YOU BE AUTHORIZED DURING THIS ASSIGNMENT ARE SPECIFIED IN YOUR ADDENDUM ISSUED TO YOU BY TOTAL RAFFINAGE MARKETING DATED I' SEPTEMBER 2006. WE WISH YOU GOOD LUCK ON YOUR INDIA ASSIGNMENT 9.6 THE SECONDMENT LETTER AS REPRODUCED ABOVE INDICATES THAT DURING THE PERIOD OF DEPUTATION WITH THE APPELLANT COMPANY, THE AE DOES NOT HAVE ANY CONTROL OVER THE NON - RESIDENT EMPLOYEE WHO IS FUNCTIONING UNDER THE CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF THE INDIAN PARTY. FURTHER, THE DEPUTATION IS NOT CARRYING OUT ANY ACTIVITY MANDATED BY THE AE OR ANY ACTIVITY ON BEHALF OF THE AE. 9.7 IN THE CASE OF CENTRICA INDIA, THE SERVICES WERE HELD TO BE IN THE NATURE OF FTS ON ACCOUNT OF FOLLOWING 4) THE CIOP AND SECONDED EMPLOYEES WERE TO OVERSEE THE QUALITY OF SERVICE RENDERED BY VENDORS TO TH E OVERSEAS ENTITIES, WHICH WOULD FALL WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THE TECHNICAL OR CONSULTANCY SERVICES. (5) IT WAS ADMITTED BY THE PETITIONER THAT THE REASON FOR ENTERING INTO THE SECONDMENT AGREEMENT WAS TO PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR THE INITIAL YEARS OF OPERATION, TIL L THE NECESSARY SKILLS WERE ACQUIRED BY THE RESIDENT EMPLOYEE GROUP; (6) THE ACTIVITY OF THE SECONDMENT WAS TO MAKE AVAILABLE THEIR KNOW - HOW ACQUIRED IN THE FIELD TO THE PETITIONER FOR FUTURE CONSUMPTION. THE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED TO ENSURE THAT TH E TASKS ENTRUSTED WERE CARRIED OUT DILIGENTLY; (7) NONE OF THE DOCUMENTS PLACED ON RECORD REVEALED THAT THE PETITIONER COULD TERMINATE THE SECONDMENT ARRANGEMENT, THERE WAS NO ENTITLEMENT OR OBLIGATION CLEARLY SPELT OUT WHEREBY THE PETITIONER HAD TO BEAR THE SALARY COST OF THESE EMPLOYEES. THE SEONDEES COULD NOT SUE THE PETITIONER FOR DEFAULT IN PAYMENT OF THEIR SALARY. 9.7.1 NONE OF CONDITIONS MENTIONED ABOVE IS FOUND TO BE EXISTING IN THE CASE OF THE APPELLANT WHERE THE EMPLOYMENT IS A FULL TIME EMPLOYM ENT BY THE SECONDED EMPLOYEE. ILE CAN BE REMOVED AND HIS APPRAISAL IS DONE BY THE APPELLANT COMPANY. THE PAYMENT IS MADE ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 35 BY THE AR ON ACCOUNT OF SOCIAL BENEFIT ISSUES IN THE COUNTRY OF THEIR RESIDENCE BUT THE ENTIRE TAX ON THEIR SALARY IS PAID IN INDIA AND DEDUCTED UNDER SECTION 192. 9.8 IN LIGHT OF THE FACTS PRESENTED ABOVE, IT IS HELD THAT THE REIMBURSEMENT OF SALARY OF THE SECONDED EMPLOYEES DOES NOT CONSTITUTE FTS AND HENCE IS LIABLE TO TAX U/S 192 AND NOT SECTION 195. THE GROUND RAISED BY THE APPELLANT IS UPHELD AND THE DISALLOWANCE U/S 40(A)(I) IS DIRECTED TO BE DELETED. 16 . ON APPRAISAL OF THE ABOVE MENTIONED FINDING, WE NOTICED THAT THE EMPLO YEES WHO WERE SERVING IN INDIA OR DEPUTED IN INDIA HAD ALREADY DEDUCTED TAX AT SOURCE U/S 195 OF THE ACT. THE PROVISION OF TDS IS NOT APPLICABLE ON REIMBURSEMENT OF DEPUTATION EXPENSES TO FOREIGN AE. THE CIT(A) HAS RELIED UPON THE DECISION IN THE CASE OF B URT HILL DESIGN (P) LTD. VS. DDIT (IT) (79 TAXMANN.COM 459). THE FACTS ARE NOT DISTINGUISHABLE AT THIS STAGE. NO LAW CONTRARY TO THE LAW RELIED BY THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS BEEN PRODUCED BEFORE US. IN VIEW OF THE SAID CIRCUMSTANCES, WE ARE OF THE VIEW THAT THE CIT(A) HAS DECIDED THE MATTER OF CONTROVERSY JUDICIOUSLY A N D CORRECTLY WHICH IS NOT LIABLE TO BE INTERFERE WITH AT THIS APPELLATE STAGE. ISSUE NO. 2 17 . UNDER THIS ISSUE THE REVENUE HAS CHALLENGED THE ALLOWANCE OF CLAIM OF ASSESSEE IN CONNECTION WITH THE PAYMENT OF INSPECTION AND SURVEY FEES PAID TO THE FOREIGN ENTITIES M/S. INTERTEK TESTING SERVICES AND M/S. SGS TESTING & CONTROLLING SERVICES SINGAPORE FA LLS WITHIN ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 36 THE AMBIT OF SECTION 195 R.W.S. 9(1)(VII) AND THE EXPLANATION TO SECTION 9(2) OF THE I. T. ACT, 1961. HOWEVER, ON THE OTHER HAND, THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS REFUTED THE SAID CONTENTION. BEFORE GOING FURTHER, WE DEEM IT NECESSARY TO ADVERT THE FINDING OF THE CIT(A) ON RECORD.: - 11 THE GROUND NO. 5.4 RELATES TO PAYMENT OF INSPECTION AND SURVEY FEES OF RS1,27,339. DURING THE CAPTIONED YEAR, THE APPELLANT HAD MADE PAYMENTS TO SGS AND INTERTEK ON ACCOUNT OF TESTING FEES AND INSPECTIO N/ SURVEY FEES AMOUNTING TO RS.1,27,339. THESE SERVICES HAVE BEEN TREATED BY THE AO AS FTS AND HAVE BEEN DISALLOWED U/S 40(A)(I) AS NO TDS HAS BEEN DEDUCTED BY THE APPELLANT U/S 195. IT IS SEEN THAT BOTH SGS TESTING & CONTROL SERVICES SINGAPORE PTD LTD (S(3S) AND INTERTEK TESTING SERVICES (SINGAPORE) PTD LTD (INTERTEK) ARE SINGAPORE RESIDENT ELIGIBLE TO TREATY BENEFIT. THE INDIA - SINGAPORE TREATY COMPRISES OF FTS CLAUSE WITH A REQUIREMENT OF 'MAKE AVAILABLE' I.E. THE FEE WOULD BE IN THE NATURE OF FTS ONLY IF THE SERVICES MAKE AVAILABLE TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE, SKILL, EXPERIENCE OR PROCESS TO THE APPELLANT. THE NATURE OF SERVICE HAS BEEN EXAMINED AND THE INVOICE RAISED BY INTERTEK AND SGS HAS BEEN EXAMINED. IT IS SEEN THAT INTERTEK INSPECTS THE CRUDE FOR VARIOU S CHEMICAL AND VISUAL PARAMETERS AND PROVIDES A REPORT IN THE DESIRED FORM TO THE APPELLANT FOR WHICH CERTAIN PAYMENTS ARE MADE. WITHOUT GOING IN TO DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE SERVICE AS WELL AS THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE 'MAKE AVAILABLE CLAUSE', IT IS CLEAR TH AT WHILE THE ABOVE SERVICES DO CONSTITUTE FTS AS PER SECTION 9(1)(VII), THEY DO NOT MAKE AVAILABLE ANY KIND OF TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE, SKILL, EXPERIENCE OR PROCESS TO THE APPELLANT. A REPORT IS MERELY PROVIDED TO THE APPELLANT AFTER THE TESTING CARRIED OUT BY THE NON - RESIDENT AT ITS OWN FACILITY. UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES, THE AMOUNT CANNOT BE TREATED AS FTS WITHIN THE SCOPE OF INDIA - SINGAPORE DTAA. 11.3 THE SGS, SINGAPORE ALSO PROVIDES SIMILAR SERVICES. SAMPLES ARE TAKEN FROM VARIOUS TANKS OF THE SHIP WHERE CRU DE IS BEING LOADED FOR SHIPMENT AND VARIOUS REPORTS PREPARED WITH REFERENCE TO QUALITY OF CRUDE FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF THE APPELLANT COMPANY AS IT HELPS IN ASCERTAINING THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF SHIPPED MATERIAL. A REPORT IS MERELY PROVIDED TO THE APPELL ANT AFTER THE TESTING CARRIED OUT BY THE ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 37 NON - RESIDENT AT THE FACILITY/LAB OF SGS. UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES, THE AMOUNT CANNOT BE TREATED AS FTS WITHIN THE SCOPE OF INDIA - SINGAPORE DTAA ALTHOUGH FALLING WITHIN THE AMBIT OF SECTION 9(1 )(VII) OF THE ACT. 11.4 IN THE LIGHT OF THE ABOVE DISCUSSION, IT IS FOUND THAT BOTH THE SERVICES CANNOT BE TREATED AS FTS UNDER INDIA - SINGAPORE DTAA AND HENCE, ARE NOT LIABLE TO TAX IN INDIA. ACCORDINGLY, THE AMOUNT CANNOT BE DISALLOWED U/S 40(A)(I) OF THE ACT. THE GROUND RAISED BY THE APPELLANT IS UPHELD. 18 . ON APPRAISAL OF THE ABOVE SAID FINDING, WE NOTICED THAT M/S. INTERTEK TESTING SERVICES AND M/S. SGS TESTING & CONTROLLING SERVICES SINGAPORE DO NOT MAKE AVAILABLE ANY KIND OF TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE , SKILL OR EXPERIENCE OR PRO CESS TO THE APPELLANT CONSIST OF DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER OF ANY TECHNI CAL PLAN OR DESIGN, HENCE, DOES NOT CONSTITUTE FTS UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF INDIA - SINGAPORE DTAA. BOTH THE COMPANIES WERE ELIGIBLE TO TREATY BENEFIT. THE INDIA SINGAPORE TREATY COMPRISES OF FTS CLAUSE WITH A REQUIREMENT OF MAKE AVAILABLE I..E. FEE WOULD BE IN THE NATURE OF FEE FOR TECHNICAL SERVICE ONLY IF THE SERVICE MAKE AVAILABLE TECHNICAL KNOWLEDG E, SKILL EXPERIENCE OR PROCESS TO THE APPELLANT. INTERTEK INSPECT THE CRUDE FOR VARIOUS CHEMICAL AND PROVIDE A REPORT TO THE APPELLANT FOR WHICH CERTAIN PAYMENT WAS MADE. M/S. SGS SINGAPORE ALSO PROVIDE THE SAME SERVICE . HOWEVER, AT THE TIME OF ARGUMENT, T HE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS RELIED UPON THE LAW SETTLED BY THE KARNATAKA HIGH COURT IN CASE TITLED AS CIT VS. DE BEERS INDIA MINERAL P. LTD. (346 ITR 467) KARNATAKA HIGH COURT AND LINKLATERS LLP VS. DCIT (IT) MUMBAI TRIBUNAL ETC. ANYHOW, THE CIT(A) HAS DESCRIBED THE NATURE OF SERVICE IN HIS ORDER AND ACCORDINGLY ARRIVED AT THIS ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 38 CONCLUSION THAT THE NATURE OF SERVICE RENDERED BY ABOVE SAID TWO COMPANIES NOWHERE COME WITHIN THE AMBIT OF SECTION 195 OF THE ACT R.W.S. 9(1 )(VII) OF THE A CT. HE ALSO RELIED UPON THE DECISION OF THE KARANATAKA HIGH COURT IN CASE OF DE BEERS INDIA MINERAL P. LTD. (SUPRA) AND THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE MUMBAI TRIBUNAL IN CASE OF LINKLATERS LLP (SUPRA). THE FACTS ARE NOT DISTINGUISHABLE AT THIS STAGE. ACCORD INGLY, WE ARE OF THE VIEW THAT THE CIT(A) HAS DECIDED THE MATTER OF CONTROVERSY JUDICIOUSLY AND CORRECTLY WHICH IS NOT LIABLE TO BE INTERFERE WITH AT THIS APPELLATE STAGE. ISSUE NO. 3 19 . UNDER THIS ISSUE THE REVENUE HAS CHALLENGED THE ALLOWANCE OF CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE IN CONNECTION WITH THE PAYMENT OF MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION FEES, REGISTRATION CHARGES, TRAINING CHARGES, CONFERENCE AND SEMINAL EXPENSES PAID TO FOREIGN ENTITIES FALLS WITHIN THE AMBIT OF SECTION 195 R.W.S. 9(1)(VII) AND THE EXPLANATION TO SECTION 9(2) OF THE I.T. ACT, 1961. HOWEVER, ON THE OTHER HAND, THE LD. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS REFUTED THE SAID CONTENTION. BEFORE GOING FURTHER, WE DEEM IT NECESSARY TO ADVERT THE FINDING OF THE CIT(A) ON RECORD.: - 12.4 THE SUBMISSION MAD E BY THE APPELLANT HAS BEEN EXAMINED. IT IS SEEN THAT MEMBERSHIP OF VARIOUS TRADE RELATED JOURNALS IS A BUSINESS REQUIREMENT AND THE OTHER PARTY DOES NOT RENDER ANY TECHNICAL OR CONSULTANCY SERVICE AS CONTEMPLATED TINDER SECTION 9(1)(VII) OF THE ACT. THE O NLY SHARING OF KNOWLEDGE IS THROUGH THE JOURNALS WHICH MAY CONTAIN DATA ON RESEARCH WORK PUBLISHED IN THE JOURNAL. SUCH ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 39 INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE TO EVERY PERSON WHO PURCHASES THE JOURNAL AND CANNOT BE TREATED AS RENDERING OF MANAGERIAL, CONSULTANCY OR TECH NICAL SERVICE. SIMILARLY, REGISTRATION OF A COMPANY WITH VARIOUS REGULATORY BODIES OF A COUNTRY IS A PRECONDITION FOR MAKING A SALE IN THOSE COUNTRIES. CHARGES INCURRED FOR SUCH REGISTRATION OR EMPLOYING SUITABLE PERSON TO HAVE SUCH REGISTRATION DONE WILL NOT RESULT IN RENDERING OF TECHNICAL SERVICE. SIMILAR VIEW CAN BE TAKEN WITH ATTENDING OF SEMINARS AND CONFERENCES. AS SUCH THE ACTION OF THE AO IN CHARACTERIZING PAYMENT FOR SUCH ACTIVITIES AS FEE FOR TECHNICAL SERVICE IS NOT FOUND TO BE IN LINE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 9(L)(VII). THE GROUND RAISED BY THE APPELLANT IS UPHELD. NO DISALLOWANCE IS CALLED FOR WITH RESPECT TO THESE PAYMENTS. 20 . ON APPRAISAL OF THE ABOVE MENTIONED FINDING, WE NOTICED THAT THE CIT(A) HAS EXAMINED THE NATURE OF EXPENSES AN D ARRIVED AT THIS CONCLUSION THAT THE SAID PAYMENT NOWHERE FALLS WITHIN THE AMBIT OF FEE FOR PAYMENT FOR SERVICE IN VIEW OF PROVISION U/S 9(1)(VII) OF THE ACT AND ACCORDINGLY ALLOWED THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE. HOWEVER, AT THE TIME OF ARGUMENT, THE LD. RE PRESENTATIVE OF THE ASSESSEE HAS ALSO PLACED RELIANCE UPON THE DECISION OF THE CIT VS. DE BEERS INDIA MINERAL P. LTD. (346 ITR 467) AND RAYMOND LIMITED VS. DCIT (86 ITD 791) T HE SAID DECISION S ARE IN CONNECTION OF SIMILAR NATURE OF EXPENSES. WE ARE OF THE VIEW THAT THE CIT(A) HAS DECIDED THE MATTER OF CONTROVERSY JUDICIOUSLY AND CORRECTLY WHICH IS NOT LIABLE TO BE INTERFERE WITH AT THIS APPELLATE STAGE. ACCORDINGLY, THIS ISSUE IS DECIDED IN FAVOUR OF THE ASSESSEE AGAINST T HE REVENUE. ITA. NOS. 4135/M/2016 & 4300/M/2016 A.Y.2010 - 11 40 21 . IN RESULT, APPEAL FILED BY THE ASSESSEE IS HEREBY ORDERED TO BE ALLOWED AND APPEAL OF THE REVENUE IS HEREBY ORDERED TO BE DISMISSED . ORDER P RONOUNCED IN THE OPEN COURT ON 0 9 . 0 7 . 2019 . S D / - S D / - ( G. S. PANNU ) (AMARJIT SINGH) VICE PRESIDENT JUDICIAL MEMBER MUMBAI; DATED : 0 9 . 0 7 . 201 9 VIJAY / COPY OF THE ORDER FORWARDED TO : 1. / THE APPELLANT 2. / THE RESPONDENT. 3. ( ) / THE CIT(A) - 4. / CIT 5. , , / DR, ITAT, MUMBAI 6. / GUARD FILE. / BY ORDER, //TRUE COPY// / (DY./ASSTT.REGISTRAR) , / ITAT, MUMBAI