RAVI KANT HUF, MUMBAI V. ITO WD 23(4), MUMBAI

ITA 4174/MUM/2015

• Counselvise Citation: [2017] 128 COUNSELVISE.COM (IT) 1355 (ITAT-MUMBAI)
• Duration Of Justice: 1 year(s) 8 month(s) 27 day(s)
• Appeal Type: Income Tax Appeal
• Pronouncement Date: 03-04-2017
• Appeal Filed By: Assessee
• Bench Allotted: Not Allotted
• Assessment Year: 2008-2009
• Appeal Filed On: 07-07-2015
• Court: TRIBUNAL
• Department Lawyers: PURUSHOTTAM KUMARDR
• Assessee Lawyers: SANJAY KAPADIA
• Keywords: Capital asset; Benefit of exemption
• Section: 143(3); 54F; 260A; 147; 54; 139

Judgement Text

, , , IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL MUMBAI BENCHES D, MUMBAI , . . , , BEFORE SHRI JOGINDER SINGH, JUDICIAL MEMBER, AND SHRI N.K. PRADHAN, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2008-09 SHRI RAVI KANT HUF, MOHANLAL JAIN &CO., CHARTERED ACCOUNTANT, 10, CHARTERED HOUSE, GR. FLOOR, DR.C.H. STREET, MARINE LINES, MUMBAI-400002 / VS. INCOME TAX OFFICER, WARD-23(4), MUMBAI ( '# $ /ASSESSEE) ( ) / REVENUE) P.A. NO. AABHR0354M '# $ / ASSESSEE BY SHRI SANJAY KAPADIA ) / REVENUE BY SHRI PURUSHOTTAM KUMAR-DR * )+ , $ - / DATE OF HEARING : 22/03/2017 , $ - / DATE OF ORDER: 03/04/2017 RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 2 / O R D E R PER JOGINDER SINGH (JUDICIAL MEMBER) THE ASSESSEE IS AGGRIEVED BY THE IMPUGNED ORDER DA TED 31/03/2014 OF THE LD. FIRST APPELLATE AUTHORITY, MU MBAI. THE ONLY GROUND RAISED BY THE ASSESSEE PERTAINS TO UPHOLDING THE DISALLOWANCE OF EXEMPTION U/S 54 OF T HE INCOME TAX ACT, 1961 (HEREINAFTER THE ACT) AMOUNTIN G TO RS.59,58,733/-. 2. DURING HEARING, SHRI SANJAY KAPADIA, LD. COUNSE L FOR THE ASSESSEE, EXPLAINED THAT THE ASSESSEE SOLD HOUSE PROPERTY ON 18/02/2008 AND THE LAST DATE OF UTILIZA TION OF THE AMOUNT WAS 31/03/2008. THE ASSESSEE DID NOT UTI LIZED THE MONEY AND THE CAPITAL GAIN AMOUNT OF RS.60 LAKH WAS TO BE DEPOSITED ON OR BEFORE 31/03/2009, WHICH IS THE LAST DATE OF UTILIZATION. IT WAS CONTENDED THAT THE ASS ESSEE DEPOSITED THE AMOUNT ON 17/11/2008. IT WAS SUBMITT ED THAT THE ASSESSEE IS ENTITLED TO EXEMPTION. RELIANC E WAS PLACED UPON THE DECISION IN THE CASE OF SMT. RITA C HETAN NAIK VS INCOME TAX OFFICER (ITA NO.3986/MUM/2012) O RDER DATED 10/07/2013, CIT VS MS. JAGRITI AGARWAL (2011) 15 TAXMAN.COM 146 (P & H), CIT VS RAJESH KUMAR JALAN ( 2006) 157 TAXMAN.398 (GAUHATI), MISS. ESTHER CHRISTOPHER MASCARENHAS VS INCOME TAX OFFICER (2011) 9 TAXMAN.C OM 99 (MUM. ITAT), INCOME TAX OFFICER VS SMT. SWARNAMBAL DAYASHANKAR (ITA NO.1472/MDS/2012) ORDER DATED 24/01/2013, KISHORE H. GALAIYA VS INCOME TAX OFFICE R RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 3 (2012) 24 TAXMAN.COM (MUM. TRIB.). ON THE OTHER H AND, THE LD. DR, SHRI PURUSHOTTAM KUMAR, STRONGLY DEFEND ED THE CONCLUSION OF THE LD. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (A PPEAL) BY CONTENDING THAT THE ASSESSEE WAS TO UTILIZE/DEPO SIT THE AMOUNT BEFORE FILING OF RETURN. 2.1. WE HAVE CONSIDERED THE RIVAL SUBMISSIONS AND PERUSED THE MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD. THE FACTS , IN BRIEF, ARE THAT THE ASSESSEE HUF SOLD RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY ON 18/02/2008 FOR A CONSIDERATION OF RS.85 LAKH AND TH US EARNED CAPITAL GAIN OF RS.59,58,733/-. THE ASSESSEE CLAIMED EXEMPTION OF THE CAPITAL GAIN AMOUNT U/S 54F OF THE ACT. THE AMOUNT OF RS.60 LAKH WAS DEPOSITED IN THE CAPIT AL GAIN ACCOUNT AS UNDER:- DATE OF DEPOSIT AMOUNT IN RS. 01/11/2008 20 LAKHS 14/11/2008 9 LAKHS 17/11/2008 31 LAKHS TOTAL 60 LAKHS THE ASSESSEE CLAIMED EXEMPTION U/S 54 F OF THE ABOV E AMOUNT, WHICH WAS DISALLOWED BY THE ASSESSING OFFIC ER. 2.2. ON APPEAL, BEFORE THE LD. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEAL), IT WAS OBSERVED THAT SINCE, TH E CAPITAL GAIN AMOUNT WAS DEPOSITED BY THE ASSESSEE BEFORE TH E DUE DATE OF FURNISHING THE RETURN U/S 139(1) OF THE ACT , THEREFORE, THE ASSESSEE IS NOT ELIGIBLE FOR THE BEN EFIT OF SECTION 54(2) OF THE ACT AND THUS, THE ACTION TAKEN IN THE RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 4 ASSESSMENT ORDER WAS AFFIRMED. THE ASSESSEE IS AGGR IEVED AND IS IN APPEAL BEFORE THIS TRIBUNAL. 2.3. IF THE OBSERVATION MADE IN THE ASSESSMENT ORD ER, LEADING TO ADDITION MADE TO THE TOTAL INCOME, CONCL USION DRAWN IN THE IMPUGNED ORDER, MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD, ASSERTIONS MADE BY THE LD. RESPECTIVE COUNSEL, IF K EPT IN JUXTAPOSITION AND ANALYZED, WE FIND THAT THE ISSUE HAS BEEN ELABORATELY DISCUSSED BY THE HON'BLE JURISDICTIONAL HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF HUMAYUN SULEMAN MERCHANT VS CH IEF CIT IN ITA NO.545 OF 2002, ORDER DATED 18/08/2016. THEREFORE, WE ARE REPRODUCING HEREUNDER THE RELEVAN T PORTION OF THE AFORESAID ORDER FOR READY REFERENCE AND ANALYSIS:- 1 THIS APPEAL UNDER SECTION 260A OF THE INCOME TAX ACT, 1961 (FOR SHORT 'THE ACT') CHALLENGES THE ORDER DATED 17TH MAY, 2002 PASSED BY THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL (FOR SHORT 'THE T RIBUNAL). THE IMPUGNED ORDER RELATES TO ASSESSMENT YEAR 1996- 97. THIS APPEAL WAS ADMITTED ON 25TH AUGUST, 2004 ON THE FOLLOWING SUBSTANTIAL QUESTIONS OF LAW (A) WHETHER ON THE FACTS AND IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE, THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL WAS JUSTIFIED IN APPLYING THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 54(1) (4) OF THE INCOME TAX ACT, 1961? (B) WHETHER ON THE FACTS AND IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE, THE APPELLATE TRIBUNAL WAS RIGHT IN HOLDING THAT THE ASSESSING OFFICER HAS RIGHTLY COMPUTED THE DEDUCTION U/S. 54F OF THE INCOME TAX ACT, 1961, RESTRICTING THE INVESTMENT IN THE NEW ASSET AT RS.35,00,000/- AND THUS RESTRICTING THE EXEMPTION U/S. 54F OF THE ACT PROPORTIONATELY TO THE AMOUNT INVESTED? RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 5 3 THE UNDISPUTED FACTS LEADING TO THIS APPEAL ARE A S UNDER: - (A) ON 29 TH APRIL, 1995, THE APPELLANT SOLD A PLOT OF LAND IN MUMBAI FOR A CONSIDERATION OF RS.85,33,250/-. (B) ON 16 1H JULY, 1996, THE APPELLANT ENTERED INTO AN AGREEMEN T TO PURCHASE A FLAT FOR A CONSIDERATION OF RS.69,60,000 /-. (C) THE APPELLANT PAID TWO INSTALLMENTS OF RS.10,00,000 /- EACH ON 17TH JULY, 1996 AND 23''' OCTOBER, 1996 TO THE DEVELOPER / BUILDER I.E. BEFORE THE DUE DATE FOR FILING OF RETURN OF IN COME UNDER SECTION 139(1) OF THE ACT I.E. 31 3 ' OCTOBER, 1996. (D) ON 1 S ' NOVEMBER, 1996 THE PETITIONER PAID TO THE DEVELOP ER A FURTHER INSTALLMENT OF RS.15,00,000/- FOR PURCHASE OF FLAT PURSUANT TO THE AGREEMENT DATED 16 111 JULY, 1996. (E) ON 4' H NOVEMBER, 1996 THE APPELLANT FILED HIS RETURN OF INCOME FOR THE ASSESSMENT YEAR 1996-97. THIS WAS AFTER THE DUE DATE OF FILING THE RETURN OF INCOME. (F) ON 13 TH MARCH, 2001, THE ASSESSING OFFICER PASSED AN ASSESSMENT ORDER UNDER SECTION 143(3) READ WITH SEC TION 147 OF THE ACT. THE ASSESSMENT ORDER DETERMINED THE NET CONSIDERATION AT RS.75.39 LAKHS. THEREAFTER THE ASS ESSING OFFICER ALLOWED A PROPORTIONATE EXEMPTION OF RS.31. 55 LAKHS (OUT- OF RS.35 LAKHS PAID TILL THE FILING OF RETURN ) FROM CAPITAL GAIN TAX IN TERMS OF SECTION 54F OF THE ACT. HOWEVER, TH E BALANCE CONSIDERATION OF RS.43,84,3341- WHICH WAS PAYABLE FOR PURCHASE OF THE FLAT PURSUANT TO THE AGREEMENT DATE D 16 TH JULY, 1996 WAS BROUGHT TO TAX UNDER THE HEAD CAPITAL GAIN S. THIS ON ACCOUNT OF APPELLANT'S FAILURE TO DEPOSIT THE UNUTI LIZED CONSIDERATION FOR PURCHASE OF THE FLAT IN SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SCHEME OF CENTRAL G OVERNMENT AS PROVIDED UNDER SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT. (G) BEING AGGRIEVED, THE APPELLANT-ASSESSEE FILED AN AP PEAL TO THE COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS) (CIT(A)). BY ORDER DATED19 T OCTOBER, 2001, THE CIT(A) DID RECORD THE FACT THAT THE APPELLANT HAD OBTAINED POSSESSION OF THE NEW FLAT ON 27TH JANUARY, 1997. HOWEVER, THE ORDER OF THE ASSESSING OFFICER DATED 13 TH MARCH, 2001 WAS NOT DISTURBED. RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 6 (H) BEING AGGRIEVED THE APPELLANT CARRIED THE ISSUE IN FURTHER APPEAL TO THE TRIBUNAL. BY THE IMPUGNED ORDER, THE TRIBUNAL ON AN ANALYSIS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE AC T, CAME TO THE CONCLUSION THAT THE APPELLANT HAD ONLY UTILI ZED RS.35,00,000/- OF THE NET CONSIDERATION RECEIVED ON SALE OF LAND TOWARDS PURCHASE OF A FLAT BEFORE THE DUE DATE OF FILING THE RETURN OF INCOME. FURTHER, THE BALANCE OF THE N ET CONSIDERATION HAD NOT BEEN DEPOSITED IN THE SPECIFI ED BANK ACCOUNT AS MANDATED BY SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT. T HUS DISMISSING THE APPEAL OF THE APPELLANT-ASSESSEE. 4. IT IS IN THE BACKDROP OF THE ABOVE FACTS THAT TH E TWO SUBSTANTIAL QUESTIONS OF LAW ARISE FOR OUR CONSIDERATION: 5. REGARDING QUESTION NO.1:- (A) NO SUBMISSIONS WERE MADE SPECIFICALLY BY THE APPELLANT IN SUPPORT OF THE QUESTION RAISED HEREIN I.E. APPLICABILITY OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT TO THE PRESENT CONTROVERSY. IN FACT IT IS AN AGREED POSITION BETWEEN COUNSEL FOR THE PARTIES THAT SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT APPLIES TO THE PRESENT FA CTS. THE ONLY ISSUE FOR CONSIDERATION IS ITS APPROPRIATE INTERPRETATION. (B) IN VIEW OF THE ABOVE AGREED POSITION, QUESTION NO.1 IS ANSWERED IN THE AFFIRMATIVE I.E. IN FAVOUR OF TH E RESPONDENT-REVENUE AND AGAINST THE APPELLANT- ASSESSEE. 6 REGARDING QUESTION NO.2: (A) THE FACTS LEADING TO THIS QUESTION HAVE BEEN SET OUT IN PARA 2 HEREIN ABOVE. THEREFORE NOT REPEATED HERE. (B) MR.CHATTERJI, LEARNED SENIOR COUNSEL IN SUPPORT OF THE APPEAL SUBMITS AS UNDER:- (1) THE ISSUE ARISING HEREIN IS NO LONGER RES-INTEGRA AS IT STANDSCOVERED BY THE DECISION OF THIS COURT IN COMMISSIONER OFINCOME TAX VS. MRS.HIIIA J.B.WADIA RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 7 [1995]261 ITR 376 READ WITH CIRCULARS DATED 15 1H OCTOBER, 1986 AND 16 1H DECEMBER, 1993 ISSUED BY THE CENTRAL BOARD OF DIRECT TAXES. SO ALSO THE DECISION OF MADHYA PRADESH HIGH COURT IN SMT. SHASHI VARMA VS. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX [1997] 224 !TR 106. IN ANY EVENT, THE DECISION OF THE KARNATAKA HIGH CO URT IN COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX VS K. RAMCHANDRA RAO(2015) 277 CTR 0522 ALSO COVERS THE ISSUE; (II) SECTION 54F OF THE ACT HAS BEEN BROUGHT INTO THE AC T WITH THE OBJECT OF ENCOURAGING THE HOUSING SECTOR. THEREFORE A LIBERAL /BENEFICIAL INTERPRETATION/CONS TRUCTION BE GIVEN TO SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT. IN SUPPORT R ELIANCE IS PLACED UPON THE DECISION OF THE DELHI HIGH COURT IN COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX VS. RAVINDER KUMAR ARORA [2012] 342 ITR 38; (III) SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT HAS DELIBERATELY USED THE WORD 'APPROPRIATION' WHILE EXTENDING ITS BENEFIT. IT IS USED IN ADDITION TO BE UTILIZED WITH A VIEW TO EXTEND THE SCOPE OF ITS BEN EFIT. THE WORD 'APPROPRIATION' MEANS SETTING APART. THEREFORE ONCE AN AGREEMENT TO PURCHASE THE FLAT WAS EXECUTED ON 16 TH JULY, 1996 AND THE CONSIDERATION WAS SET ASIDE THOUGH NOT PAID IT WOUL D BE CONSIDERED TO BE APPROPRIATED (SET APART) TOWARDS THE PURCHASE OF THE FLAT AND THE BENEFIT OF SECTION 54F WOULD STAND EXTENDED; AND (IV) IN THE ALTERNATIVE, IT IS SUBMITTED THAT ON P RESENT FACTS, THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE AC T ARE SATISFIED. THIS IS SO AS THE ENTIRE AMOUNT HAS BEEN PAID TO THE DEVELOPER BEFORE THE LAST DATE PRESCRIBED TO FI LE ITS RETURN OF INCOME. THUS, THE ISSUE WOULD STAND CONCLUDED BY TH E DECISION OF THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT IN CASE OF COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX VS. RAJESH KUMAR JALAN (2006) 286 ITR 27 4 (C) AS AGAINST THE ABOVE MR.MALHOTRA LEARNED COUNSE L FOR THE REVENUE IN RESPONSE SUBMITS AS UNDER (I) ON PLAIN INTERPRETATION OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE AC T THE PETITIONER HAS NOT UTILIZED THE ENTIRE NET CONS IDERATION TAXABLE UNDER THE HEAD CAPITAL GAINS FOR PURCHASE O F THE FLAT. NOR HAD THE APPELLANT DEPOSITED THE BALANCE UNUTILI ZED CONSIDERATION IN A SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNT AS NOTIFI ED IN TERMS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT. THEREFORE, THE ASSESS EE IS NOT ENTITLED TO THE BENEFIT OF EXEMPTION FROM CAPITAL G AINS UNDER RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 8 SECTION 54F OF THE ACT, TO THE EXTENT THE MANDATE O F SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT, IS NOT SATISFIED (II) THE DECISION OF THIS COURT IN MRS.HILLA J.B.WADIA (SUPRA) AS WELL AS THE CIRCULARS DATED 15TH OCTOBER , 1986 AND 16 TH DECEMBER, 1993 ISSUED BY THE CENTRAL BOARD OF DIRECT TAXES WOULD HAVE NO APPLICATION TO THE PR ESENT FACTS. THIS IN VIEW OF THE FACT THAT NEITHER THE DE CISIONS RENDERED NOR THE CIRCULAR WERE ISSUED IN THE CONTEXT OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT AS IT WAS NOT IN THE ACT, AT THE RELEVANT TIME; (III) THE WORD APPROPRIATION TOWARDS PURCHASE OF THE NEW FLAT USED IN SECTION 54F(4)OF THE ACT ONLY COVERS C ASES WHERE THE FLAT HAS ALREADY BEEN PURCHASED WITHIN ON E YEAR BEFORE DATE ON WHICH CAPITAL GAINS AROSE ON THE TRA NSFER OF THE ASSET. IN THE PRESENT FACTS, THERE IS NO PURCHASE O F A FLAT PRIOR TO THE SALE OF THE CAPITAL ASSET BUT THE PURCHASE I S POST SALE OF THE CAPITAL ASSET. THIS REQUIRES UTILIZATION AND DEPOSIT IN SPECIFIED ACCOUNT TO THE EXTENT NOT UTILIZED; AN D (IV) THE DECISION OF GAUHATI HIGH COURT IN RAJESH K UMAR JALAN (SUPRA) WOULD HAVE NO APPLICATION IN THE PRESENT FA CTS AS ADMITTEDLY THE AMOUNTS HAVE NOT BEEN UTILIZED OR DEPOSITED IN THE SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNT BEFORE THE ASSESSEE FILED HIS RETURN OF INCOME ON NOVEMBER, 1996. (D) FOR A PROPER APPRECIATION OF THE RIVAL SUBMISSI ONS, IT IS NECESSARY TO REPRODUCE THE RELEVANT PORTION OF SECTION 54F OF THE ACT WHICH ARISES FOR OUR CONSIDERATION '54F(1)[SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SUB-SECTION(4) , WHERE. IN THE CASE OF AN ASSESSEE BEING AN INDIVIDUAL OR A HINDU UNDIVIDED FAMILY] THE CAPITAL GAIN ARISES FRO M THE TRANSFER OF ANY LONG-TERM CAPITAL ASSET, NOT BEING A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE (HEREAFTER IN THIS SECTION REFERR ED TO AS THE ORIGINAL ASSET), AND THE ASSESSEE HAS, WITHIN A PERIOD OF ONE YEAR BEFORE OR [TWO YEARS] AFTER THE DATE ON WHICH THE TRANSFER TOOK PLACE PURCHASED OR HAS WITHIN A PERIO D OF THREE YEARS AFTER THAT DATE CONSTRUCTED, A RESIDENTIAL HO USE (HEREAFTER IN THIS SECTION REFERRED TO AS THE NEW A SSET), THE CAPITAL GAIN SHALL BE DEALT WITH IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION, THAT IS TO SA Y - (A)IF THE COST OF THE NEW ASSET IS NOT LESS THAN TH E NET CONSIDERATION IN RESPECT OF THE ORIGINAL ASSET, THE WHOLE OF SUCH CAPITAL GAIN SHALL NOT BE CHARGED UND ER RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 9 SECTION 45; (B)IF THE COST OF THE NEW ASSET IS LESS THAN THE NET CONSIDERATION IN RESPECT OF THE ORIGINAL ASSET, SO MUCH OF THE CAPITAL GAIN AS BEARS TO THE WHOLE OF THE CAPITAL GAIN THE SAME PROPORTION AS TH E COST OF THE NEW ASSET BEARS TO THE NET CONSIDERATION, SH ALL NOT BE CHARGED UNDER SECTION 45: PROVIDED THAT NOTHING CONTAINED IN THIS SUB-SECTION SHALL APPLY WHERE THE ASSESSEE OWNS ON THE DATE OF THE TRANSFER OF THE ORIGINAL ASSET, OR PURCHASES, WITHI N THE PERIOD OF ONE YEAR AFTER SUCH DATE, OR CONSTRUCTS, WITHIN THE PERIOD OF THREE YEARS AFTER SUCH DATE, ANY RESIDENTIAL HOUSE, THE INCOME FROM WHICH IS CHARGEA BLE UNDER THE HEAD 'INCOME FROM HOUSE PROPERTY', OTHER THAN THE NEW ASSET. (2) . (3) (4) THE AMOUNT OF THE NET CONSIDERATION WHICH IS NOT '\ APPROPRIATED BY THE ASSESSEE TOWARDS THE PURCHASE OF THE NEW ASSET MADE WITHIN ONE YEAR BEFORE THE DATE ON W HICH THE> TRANSFER OF THE ORIGINAL ASSET TOOK PLACE, OR WHICH IS NOT UTILIZED BY HIM FOR THE PURCHASE OR CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW ASSET BEFORE THE DATE OF FURNISHING THE RETURN OF INCOME UNDER SECTI ON 139, SHALL BE DEPOSITED BY HIM BEFORE FURNISHING SUCH RETURN [SUC H DEPOSIT BEING MADE IN ANY CASE NOT LATER THAN THE DUE DATE APPLICABLE IN THE CASE OF THE ASSESSEE FOR FURNISHING THE RETURN OF INCOME UNDER SUB- SECTION (1) OF SECTION 139] IN AN ACCOUNT IN ANY SU CH BANK OR INSTITUTION AS MAY BE SPECIFIED IN, AND UTILIZED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, ANY SCHEME WHICH THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT MAY, BY NOT IFICATION IN THE OFFICIAL GAZETTE, FRAME IN THIS BEHALF AND SUCH RETURN SHALL HE ACCOMPANIED BY PROOF OF SUCH DEPOSIT; AND FOR THE P URPOSES OF SUB-SECTION(1), THE AMOUNT, IF ANY, ALREADY UTILIZE D BY THE ASSESSEE FOR THE PURCHASE OR CONSTRUCTION OF THE NE W ASSET TOGETHER WITH THE AMOUNT SO DEPOSITED SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE COST OF THE NEW ASSET : PROVIDED THAT IF THE AMOUNT DEPOSITED UNDER THIS SU B- SECTION IS NOT UTILIZED WHOLLY OR PARTY FOR THE PUR CHASE OR CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW ASSET WITHIN THE PERIOD SPECIFIED IN SUB SECTION (1), THEN - (I) THE AMOUNT BY WHICH - RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 10 (A) THE AMOUNT OF CAPITAL GAIN ARISING FROM THE TRANSFER OF THE ORIGINAL ASSET NOT CHARGED UNDER SECTION 45 ON THE BASIS OF THE COST OF THE NEW ASSET AS PROVIDED IN CLAUSE (A) OR, AS THE CASE MAY BE, CLAUSE (B) OF SUB-SECTION (1), EXCEEDS (B) THE AMOUNT THAT WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN SO CHARGED HAD THE AMOUNT ACTUALLY UTILIZED BY THE ASSESSEE FOR THE PURCHASE OR CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW ASSET WITHIN THE PERIOD SPECIFIED IN SUB- SECTION(1) BEEN THE COST OF THE NEW ASSET, SHALL BE CHARGED UNDER SECTION 45 AS INCOME OF THE PREVIOUS YEAR IN WHICH THE PERIOD OF THREE YEARS FROM THE DATE OF THE TRANSFER OF THE ORIGINAL ASSET EXPIRES; AND (II) THE ASSESSEE SHALL BE ENTITLED TO WITHDRAW TH E UNUTILIZED AMOUNT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SCHEME AFORESAID.' (E) WE SHALL FIRST EXAMINE THE SCHEME OF SECTION 54F OF THE ACT. SECTION 54F IS PART OF CHAPTER IV OF THE ACT W HICH INTER ALIA PROVIDES FOR COMPUTATION OF TOTAL INCOME AND FOR THAT PURPOSE, SETS OUT THE VARIOUS HEADS OF INCOME. PART E OF CHAPTER VI DEALS WITH THE HEAD OF INCOME VIZ. CAPITAL GAINS. IT PROVIDES FOR COMPUTATION OF CAPITAL GAINS AND ALSO FOR EXEMPTION AVAILABLE THERE UNDER. SECTION 54F OF THE ACT INTRODUCED INTO THE ACT WITH EFFECT FROM L APRIL, 1 983 BY THE FINANCE ACT, 1982 PROVIDES EXEMPTION FROM CAPITAL G AIN ON TRANSTER OF ANY LONG TERM CAPITAL ASSET IN CASE THE SAME IS INVESTED IN A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE. HOWEVER, THE SECTI ON WHEN INTRODUCED PROVIDED THAT ANY CAPITAL GAIN ARIS ING FROM TRANSFER OF LONG TERM CAPITAL ASSET WOULD NOT BE CH ARGEABLE TO CAPITAL GAINS TAX, IT THE SAME WERE UTILIZED FOR PU RCHASE OF AN HOUSING ACCOMMODATION WITHIN A YEAR BEFORE OR AFTER THE DATE ON WHICH THE TRANSFER OF AN CAPITAL ASSET TOOK PLACE OR WAS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE WI THIN A PERIOD OF THREE YEARS FROM THE DATE OF TRANSFER O F THE CAPITAL ASSET. (F) THUS, SECTION 54F OF THE ACT AS INCORPORATED MADE A VAILABLE THE BENEFIT OF EXEMPTION TO PURCHASE A HOUSE WITHIN ONE YEAR (AMENDED TO TWO YEARS) OR CONSTRUCT A RESIDENT IAL HOUSE WITHIN A PERIOD OF 3 YEARS FROM THE DATE ON WHICH CAPITAL ASSET HAS BEEN SOLD. HOWEVER, WHILE IMPLEMENTING SECTION 54F OF THE ACT, IT WAS NOTICED THAT AT TIMES ASSESSMENTS WERE COMPLETED PRIOR TO T HE EXPIRY OF ABOVE PERIOD OF TWO I THREE YEARS FROM THE RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 11 DATE OF SALE OF THE CAPITAL ASSET AND THE ASSESSEE HAD NOT UTILIZED THE AMOUNT WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED PERIO D PROVIDED IN SECTION 54F OF THE ACT. THIS WOULD LEAD TO ASSESSMENT ORDERS BEING RECTIFIED BY APPROPRIATE ORDERS, TO DETERMINE THE AVAILABILITY OF BENEFIT OF EXEMPTION UNDER\ SECTION 54F OF THE ACT. (G) THIS LED TO THE INTRODUCTION OF SUB-SECTION (4) TO SECTION 54F OF THE ACT BY THE FINANCE ACT, 1987 WITH EFFECT FROM 1 ST APRIL, 1988. BESIDES INTRODUCING SUB-SECTION (4) TO SECTION 54F THE FINANCE ACT, 1978, ALSO AMENDED SUB SECTION (1) OF SECTION 54F OF THE ACT T O MAKE IT SUBJECT TO PROVISION OF SUB-SECTION (4) THE REOF. (H) AS WE ARE CONCERNED WITH ASSESSMENT YEAR 1996- 97, IT IS THE AMENDED PROVISION WHICH APPLIES. THEREFORE, NOW SECTION 54F(1) OF THE ACT WHICH GRANTS EXEMPTIO N FROM CAPITAL GAIN TAX WHERE A FLAT IS PURCHASED EIT HER WITHIN ONE YEAR PRIOR TO THE SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET OR WITHIN 2 YEARS AFTER THE DATE OF SALE OF THE CAPITA L ASSET OR WHERE A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE IS CONSTRUCTED W ITHIN 3 YEARS FROM THE DATE OF SALE OF THE CAPITAL ASSET, IS NOW SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT. THUS, WHERE THE CONSIDERATION RECEIVED ON SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET IS NOT APPROPRIATED (WHERE PURCHASE WAS EARLIER THAN SALE)OR UTILIZED (WHERE PURCHASE IS AFTER THE SALE) THEN THE SAME WOULD BE SUBJECT TO THE CHARGE OF CAPITAL GAIN TAX, UNLESS T HE UN-UTILIZED AMOUNTS ARE DEPOSITED IN SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNT AS NOTIFIED IN TERMS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT. THE EXEMPTION WOULD BE AVAILABLE TO THE UN - UTILIZED AMOUNTS ONLY IF THE MANDATE OF SUB-SECTION (4) OF SECTION 54F OF THE ACT IS COMPLIED WITH. FURTHER TH E PROVISO TO SUB-SECTION(4) OF SECTION 54P OF THE ACT , SAFE GUARDS THE REVENUE WHERE THE ASSESSEE HAD NOT INVESTED THE AMOUNTS CHARGEABLE TO CAPITAL GAINS WI THIN THE TIME PRESCRIBED UNDER SUB-SECTION(1)OF SECTION 54P OF THE ACT. THIS BY PROVIDING THAT IN SUCH CASES,CAPIT AL GAIN UNDER SECTION 45 OF THE ACT WOULD BE CHARGED ON THE UN- UTILIZED AMOUNT AS INCOME OF THE PREVIOUS YEAR IN W HICH THE PERIOD OF THREE YEARS FROM THE DATE OF TRANSFER OF THE CAPITAL ASSET EXPIRES. (I) ON THE BASIS OF THE ABOVE BROAD ANALYSIS, WE SHALL NOW EXAMINE THE FACTS OF THE PRESENT CASE. THE SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET TOOK PLACE ON 29 TH APRIL, 1995 FOR A CONSIDERATION OF RS.85.33 LAKHS. THE AGREEMENT FOR PURCHASE OF CONSTRUCTION OF FLAT FOR CONSIDERATION OF RS.69.90 LAKHS WAS ENTERED INTO BY THE APPELLANT ON 16 TH JULY, RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 12 1996. AN AMOUNT OF RS.35 IAKHS WERE UTILIZED BY THE APPELLANT IN PURCHASE OF FLAT BEFORE THE RETURN OF INCOME WAS FILED ON 41 NOVEMBER, 1996 UNDER SECTION 139 OF THE ACT. HOWEVER, THE MANDATE UNDER SUB SECTION (4) OF SECTI ON 541 OF THE ACT IS THAT THE AMOUNT NOT UTILIZED TOWA RDS THE PURCHASE OF THE FLAT HAS TO BE DEPOSITED BEFORE THE DUE DATE OF FILING RETURN OF INCOME UNDER SECTION 139(1) OF THE ACT IN THE SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNT. IN THIS CASE ADMITTEDLY THE ENTIRE AMOUNT OF CAPITAL GAINS ON SALE OF ASSET WHI CH IS NOT UTILIZED HAS NOT BEEN DEPOSITED IN A SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNT BEFORE DUE DATE OF FILING OF RETURN UNDER SECTION 1 39(1) OF THE ACT. THEREFORE WHERE THE AMOUNTS OF CAPITAL GAI NS IS UTILIZED BEFORE FILING OF THE RETURN OF INCOME IN PURCHASE/C ONSTRUCTION OF A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE, THEN THE BENEFIT OF EXEMPTI ON UNDER SECTION 54F OF THE ACT IS AVAILABLE. BEFORE US IT I S AN UNDISPUTED POSITION THAT EXCEPT RS.35 LAKHS, THE BA LANCE OF THE AMOUNTS SUBJECT TO CAPITAL GAINS TAX HAS NOT BEEN U TILIZED BEFORE DATE OF FURNISHING OF RETURN OF INCOME I.E. 4 TH 1996 UNDER SECTION 139 OF THE ACT. THEREFORE, ON PLAIN INTERPR ETATION OF SECTION 54F OF THE ACT, IT APPEARS THAT THE IMPUGNE D ORDER OF THE TRIBUNAL CANNOT BE FAULTED. (J) HOWEVER, THE AFORESAID VIEW WOULD BE SUBJECT TO THE RESULT OF OUR EXAMINATION OF THE SUBMISSIONS AND CA SE LAWS RELIED UPON BY MR.CHATTERJI IN SUPPORT OF THE APPEAL TO URGE A VIEW CONTRARY TO THE PLAIN MEANING OF SECTION 54P OF THE ACT. (K) RELIANCE PLACED BY THE APPELLANT UPON THE DECISION OF THIS COURT IN MRS.HILLA J. B. WADIA (SUPRA) TO C ONTEND THAT THE ISSUE STANDS CONCLUDED IN FAVOUR OF THE APPELLANT-ASSESSEE IS NOT ACCEPTABLE. THIS FOR THE REASON THAT THE ONLY ISSUE FOR CONSIDERATION BEFORE THE COURT IN THE ABOVE CASE WAS THE INTERPRETATION OF SECTION 54 OF THE ACT. IN THE ABOVE CASE THE ASSESS EE HAD SOLD HER RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY AND INVESTED A SUBSTANTIAL AMOUNT IN A SOCIETY FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A RESIDENTIAL FLAT IN THE BUILDING TO BE CONSTRU CTED. THE ASSESSEE THEREIN HAD PAID SUBSTANTIAL AMOUNTS TO TH E SOCIETY AND ALSO ACQUIRED DOMAIN OVER THE FLAT WITH IN A PERIOD OF 2 YEARS FROM THE DATE OF THE SALE OF HER HOUSE. AT THAT POINT OF TIME I.E. FOR THE ASSESSMENT YEAR 1973- 74 THERE WAS NO REQUIREMENT OF DEPOSITING ANY UN- UTILIZED AMOUNT IN A SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNT AS NOW PROVIDED UNDER SECTION 54(2) OF THE ACT (SIMILAR TO SECTION 54P(4) OF THE ACT). THEREFORE THE COURT HAD NO OCCASION TO CONSIDER THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 54(2) OF THE ACT WHICH IS SIMILAR TO SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT, WITH WHICH WE ARE CONCERNED. RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 13 (I) MR. CHATTERJI, THEN PLACED RELIANCE ON THE OBS ERVATION OF THIS COURT IN MRS. HILLA J. B. WADIA (SUPRA) THAT THE CIRCULAR ISSUED BY THE CENTRAL BOARD OF DIRECT TAXES DATED LS1H OCTOBER, 1986 IN RELATION TO CONSTRUCTION OF A HOME BY DELHI DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY SHOULD ALSO BE EXTENDED TO CI TIES LIKE MUMBAI, AS THERE IS NO CONTROL OVER THE TIME T AKEN BY THE DEVELOPER / BUILDER TO CONSTRUCT THE HOUSE AND GIVE POSSESSION OF THE SAME TO THE ASSESSEE. THE CENTRAL BOARD OF DIRECT TAXES CIRCULAR DATED 151H OCTOBER, 1986 WAS ISSUED ONLY IN THE CONTEXT OF SECTION 54 AND 54(F) OF THE ACT T O CLARIFY THAT AN INVESTMENT IN A FLAT UNDER THE SELF FINANCE SCHEME OF DELHI DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY WOULD BE TREATED AS CONSTRUCTION FOR THE PURPOSE OF CAPITAL GAIN, WHERE AN ALLOTMENT LETTER HAS BEEN ISSUED BY THE AUTHORITY A ND FACILITY OF PAYMENT IN INSTALLMENT IS PROVIDED FOR THE PURCH ASE OF FLAT. IT DID NOT EVEN REMOTELY CONCERN ITSELF WITH THE PROVISION OF SECTION 54(2) AND/OR 541(4) OF THE ACT WITH WHICH WE ARE CONCERNED. THE CIRCULAR ONLY EXTENDED THE MEANING OF CONSTRUCTING A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE WIT HIN A PERIOD OF THREE YEARS FROM THE SALE OF THE CAPITAL ASSET. THE SUBSEQUENT CIRCULAR ISSUED IN 16 TH DECEMBER1993 BY THE CENTRAL BOARD OF DIRECT TAXES RELIED UPON BY THE APPELLANT, ONLY EXTENDED THE MEANING OF 'CONSTR UCTED WITHIN A PERIOD OF THREE YEARS' TO ALLOTMENT LETTERS ISSUED BY THE CO- OPERATIVE HOUSING SOCIETY OR OTHER SIMILAR INSTITUT ION FOR THE PURPOSE OF 54F OF THE ACT. THEREFORE, IT DOES NOT IN ANY MA NNER DO AWAY WITH AND I OR RELAX THE STATUTORY MANDATE OF DEPOSITING THE U N- UTILIZED AMOUNT IN THE SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNT AS RE QUIRED BY SUB SECTION (4) OF SECTION 54E OF THE ACT. THEREFORE, N EITHER THE DECISION OF THIS COURT IN MRS.HIILAJ. B.WADIA (SUPR A) NOR THE CENTRAL BOARD OF DIRECT TAXES CIRCULARS DATED 15TH OCTOBER, 1986 AND 16 1HL DECEMBER , 1993 WOULD GOVERN THE ISSUE SO AS TO CONCLUDE THE ISSUE IN FAVOUR OF THE APPELLANT. (M) THE RELIANCE UPON THE DECISION OF THE M. P. HIGH CO URT IN SMT. SHASHI VARMA (SUPRA), ALSO DOES NOT ADVANCE TH E CASE OF THE APPELLANT. WE FIND THAT THE FACTS IN THE ABOVE CASE ARE SIMILAR TO THE ONE IN MRS. HULA J. B. WADIA (SUPRA) AND FOR THE SAME REASONS, WILL NOT GOVERN THE PRESENT DISPUTE. IN FACT, THE ISSUE STOOD COVERED BY THE CIRCULAR DATED 15TH OCTOBER, 1986 AS THE PROPERTY PURCHASED THEREIN WAS OF THE D ELHI DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY. THUS, THE ABOVE DECISION HAS NO APPLICATION TO THE PRESENT FACTS. (N) MR.CHATTERJI, LEARNED SENIOR COUNSEL APPEARING FOR THE APPELLANT ASSESSEE THEN CONTENDED ON THE BASIS OF THE TWO CIR CULARS DATED 15TH OCTOBER, 1986 AND 161H DECEMBER, 1993 OF THE CENTRAL BOARD OF DIRECT TAXES THAT ONCE AN ALLOTMEN T LETTER HAS BEEN ISSUED TO THE ASSESSEE, THEN IT FOLLOWS THAT T HE TITLE OF THE RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 14 CONSTRUCTED HOUSE HAS PASSED ON TO THE ASSESSEE. T HEREFORE THE PAYMENT MADE SUBSEQUENT TO ALLOTMENT LETTER IN INST ALLMENTS WOULD NOT IN ANY MANNER AFFECT THE ASSESSEE HAVING SATISFIED SECTION 54F(1) OF THE ACT. THIS SUBMISSION IGNORES THE FACT THAT SUB SECTION (1) OF SECTION 54F HAS BEEN MADE S UBJECT TO SUB SECTION (4) OF THE ACT. THE REQUIREMENT UNDE R SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT IS THE DEPOSIT OF THE UNU TILIZED AMOUNT IN THE SPECIFIED BANK ACCOUNT TILL IT IS UTI LIZED. THIS REQUIREMENT HAS NOT BEEN DONE AWAY WITH IN EITHER O F THE ABOVE TWO CIRCULARS DATED 15 11 0CTOBER, 1986 AND 16111 DECEMBER, 1993 RELIED UPON BY THE APPELLANT-ASSESSE E. (0) MR. CHATTERJI, LEARNED SENIOR COUNSEL NEXT SUB MITTED THAT IN ANY CASE THE ISSUE NOW STANDS CONCLUDED IN FAVOU R OF THE APPELLANT BY THE DECISION OF THE KARNATAKA HIGH COU RT IN K. RAMCHANDRA RAO (SUPRA) WHEREIN AN IDENTICAL QUESTION CAME UP FOR CONSIDERATION AND IT WAS HELD THAT EVEN WHERE THE ASSESSEE HAD NOT DEPOSITED THE UN-UTILIZE D CAPITAL GAIN IN AN ACCOUNT WHICH WAS DULY NOTIFIED BY THE C ENTRAL GOVERNMENT IN TERMS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT, T HE BENEFIT OF SECTION 54F(1) OF THE ACT WOULD STILL BE AVAILAB LE. THE COURT HELD THAT IF THE INTENTION WAS NOT TO RETAIN THE CAPITAL GAINS BUT WAS TO INVEST IT IN CONSTRUCTION OF PROPE RTY WITHIN THE PERIOD STIPULATED IN SUB SECTION (1) OF SECTION 54( E) OF THE ACT THEN SECTION 54E(4) OF THE ACT IS NOT AT AL L ATTRACTED. WE ARE WITH RESPECT UNABLE TO ACCEPT THE REASONING ADOPTED BY KARNATAKA HIGH COURT IN K. RAMCHANDRA RAO (SUPRA). THE MANDATE OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT I S CLEAR THAT AMOUNT WHICH HAS NOT BEEN UTILIZED IN CONSTRUC TION AND/OR PURCHASE OF PROPERTY BEFORE FILING THE RETUR N OF INCOME, MUST NECESSARILY BE DEPOSITED IN AN ACCOUNT DULY NOTIFIED BY THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, SO AS TO BE EXE MPTED. (P) FURTHER, SECTION 54P(4) OF THE ACT SPECIFICALLY PRO VIDES THAT THE AMOUNTS WHICH HAVE NOT BEEN INVESTED EITHER IN PURCHASE CONSTRUCTION OF HOUSE HAVE TO BE DEPOSITED IN THE S PECIFIED ACCOUNTS BEFORE THE DUE DATE OF FILING OF RETURN OF INCOME UNDER SECTION 139(1) OF THE ACT. THE AFORESAID ASPECT IT APPEARS WAS NOT NOTICED BY THE KARNATAKA HIGH COURT. IN ANY CASE, THE ENTIRE BASIS OF THE DECISION OF THE KARNATAKA HIGH COURT IN K. RAMCHANDRA RAO (SUPRA) IS THE INTENT OF THE PARTIES. IN INTERPRETING A FISCAL STATUTE ONE MUST HAVE REGARD TO THE STRICT LETTER OF LAW AND INTENT CAN NEVER OVERR IDE THE PLAIN AND UNAMBIGUOUS LETTER OF THE LAW. IT IS TRUE THAT NORMALLY WHILE CONSTRUING AN ALL INDIA STATUTE LIKE THE INCOME TAX ACT, WE WOULD NOT EASILY DEPART FROM A VIEW TAK EN BY ANOTHER HIGH COURT ON AN ISSUE ARISING FOR OUR CONSIDERATIO N. THIS ON CONSIDERATION OF CERTAINTY AND CONSISTENCY IN LAW. HOWEVER, THE VIEW OF THE OTHER HIGH COURTS ARE NOT BINDING UPON US UNLIKE A RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 15 DECISION OF THE APEX COURT OR OF LARGER OR A CO-ORD INATE BENCH OF THIS COURT. THUS IF ON AN EXAMINATION OF T HE DECISIONS OF THE OTHER HIGH COURT WE ARE UNABLE TO ACCEPT THE SAME, WE ARE NOT BOUND TO FOLLOW/ACCEPT THE INTERPRETATION OF THE OTHER HIGH COURTS LEADING TO A PARTICULAR CONCLUSION. IN THIS CASE WE FIND THAT THE DECISION OF THE KARNATAKA HIGH COURT IN K.RAMCHANDRA RAO (SUPRA) WAS RENDERED SUB- SILENTLO I.E. NO ARGUMENT WAS MADE WITH REGARD TO T HE REQUIREMENT OF DEPOSIT IN NOTIFIED BANK ACCOUNT IN TERMS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT BEFORE THE DUE DATE AS PR OVIDED IN SECTION 139(1) OF THE ACT. AS OBSERVED IN SALMON D'S JURISPRUDENCE 12 TH EDITION 'THE RULE THAT A PRECEDENT SUB SILENTIO IS NOT AUTHORITATIVE GOES BACK AT LEAST TO 1661(M) WHEN COUNSEL SAID : 'AN HUNDRED PRECEDENTS SUB SILENTIO ARE NOT MATERIAL, AND TWISDEN J AGREED: 'PRECEDENTS SUB-SILENTIO AND WITHOUT ARGUMENT ARE O F NO MOMENT'. THIS RULE HAS EVER SINCE BEEN FOLLOWED.' (Q) IN FACT THIS COURT IN COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX VS . THANA ELECTRICITY SUPPLY LTD. 206 ITR 727 HAS OBSERVED TH AT A DECISION OF ONE HIGH COURT IS NOT BINDING AS A PREC EDENT ON ANOTHER HIGH COURT UNLIKE A DECISION OF THE APEX COURT. IN SUPPORT, RELIANCE WAS PLACED IN THE ABOVE ORDER UPON THE DECISION OF THE APEX COURT IN VALLIAMMA CHAMPAKA PILLAI VS. SIVATHANU PILLAI AIR 1137 1979 (SC) 1937 TO HOLD T HAT IT IS WELL SETTLED THAT DECISION OF ONE HIGH COURT IS NOT A BINDING PRECEDENT UPON ANOTHER HIGH COURT AND AT BE ST CAN ONLY HAVE PERSUASIVE VALUE. HOWEVER, AT THE COST OF REPE TITION WE MUST EMPHASIZE THAT THE DECISION OF ANOTHER HIGH CO URT RENDERED IN THE CONTEXT OF AN ALL INDIA ACT WOULD H AVE PERSUASIVE VALUE AND NORMALLY TO MAINTAIN UNIFORMIT Y AND CERTAINTY WE WOULD ADOPT THE VIEW OF THE OTHER HIGH COURT. HOWEVER, WITH THE GREATEST RESPECT, WE FIND THAT TH E DECISION OF KARNATAKA HIGH COURT IN K.RANICHANDRA RAO (SUPRA ) HAS BEEN RENDERED SUB-SILENTIO. THEREFORE, WE CANNOT PL ACE ANY RELIANCE UPON IT TO CONCLUDE THE ISSUE ON THE BASIS OF THAT DECISION. (R) IT WAS NEXT CONTENTED BY MR. CHATTERJI, THAT LIBERA L / BENEFICIAL CONSTRUCTION SHOULD BE GIVEN TO THE PROV ISION OF SECTION 54F OF THE ACT AS ITS OBJECT WAS TO ENCOURAGE THE HOUSING SECTOR WHICH WOULD RESULT IN THE BENEFIT BEING EXTENDED TO THE APPELLANT ASSESSEE. I N SUPPORT, RELIANCE WAS PLACED UPON THE DECISION OF D ELHI HIGH COURT IN RAVINDRA KUMAR ARORA (SUPRA). WE FIND THAT OBSERVATION OF THE DELHI HIGH COURT IN RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 16 RAVINDRA KUMAR ARORA (SUPRA) THAT SECTION 54P OF TH E ACT SHOULD BE LIBERALLY CONSTRUED WAS IN THE CONTEX T OF THE BENEFIT BEING DENIED AS THE NAME OF THE WIFE WAS AD DED TO PURCHASE MADE BY THE ASSESSEE OF A NEW FLAT. THI S DENIAL WAS EVEN THOUGH ALL THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 54P OF THE ACT STOOD SATISFIED. THEREFORE T HE OBSERVATION OF THE DELHI HIGH COURT WOULD HAVE NO APPLICATION TO THE PRESENT FACTS. (S) IT IS A SETTLED POSITION IN LAW THAT NO OCCASION TO GIVE A BENEFICIAL CONSTRUCTION TO A STATUTE CAN ARISE WHEN THERE IS NO AMBIGUITY IN THE PROVISION OF LAW WHICH IS SUBJE CT TO INTERPRETATION. THUS IN THE FACE OF THE CLEAR WORDS OF THE STATUTE THE INTENT OF PARTIES AND/OR BENEFICIAL CONSTRUCTION IS IRRELEVANT. IN FACT, THE APEX COURT IN SALES TAX COMMISSIONER VS. MODI SUGAR MILLS [1961] 12 STC 182 REITERATED THE WELL SETTLED PRINCIPLE OF INTERPRETATION IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS: IN INTERPRETING A TAXING STATUTE, EQUITABLE CONSIDERATIONS ARE ENTIRELY OUT OF PLACE. NOR CAN TAXING STATUTE BE INTERPRETED ON ANY PRESUMPTION OR ASSUMPTIONS.... IT MUST INTERPRET A TAXING STATUTE IN THE LIGHT OF WHAT IS CLEARLY EXPRESSED ...' RECENTLY, THE SUPREME COURT IN MATHURAM AGRAWAL VS. STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH [1999] 8 SCC 667 HAS OBSERVED AS UNDER:- 'THE INTENTION OF THE LEGISLATURE IN A TAXATION STA TUTE IS TO BE GATHERED FROM THE LANGUAGE OF THE PROVISIONS PARTICULARLY WHERE THE LANGUAGE IS PLAIN AND UNAMBIGUOUS. IN A TAXING ACT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO ASSUME ANY INTENTION OR GOVERNING PURPOSE OF THE STATUTE MORE THAN WHAT IS STATED IN THE PLAIN LANGUAGE. IT IS NOT THE ECONOMIC RESULTS SOUG HT TO BE OBTAINED BY MAKING THE PROVISION WHICH IS RELEVANT IN INTERPRETING A FISCAL STATUTE. EQUALLY IMPERMISSIBLE IS AN INTERPRETATION WHICH DOES NOT FOLLOW FROM THE PLAIN, UNAMBIGUOUS LANGUAGE OF THE STATUTE. WORDS CANNOT BE ADDED TO OR SUBSTITUTE D SO AS TO GIVE A MEANING TO THE STATUTE WHICH WILL SERVE THE SPIRIT AND INTENTION OF THE LEGISLATURE.......(EMPHASIS SUPPLIED) SIMILARLY THIS COURT IN THANA ELECTRICITY (SUPRA) HAD OBSERVED AS UNDER: RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 17 'IF THE PROVISION OF A TAXING STATUTE CAN BE REASON ABLY INTERPRETED IN TWO WAYS, THAT INTERPRETATION WHICH IS FAVORABLE TO THE ASSESSEE HAS GOT TO BE ACCEPTED. THIS IS A WE// ACCEPTED VIEW OF LAW. IT I S THE SATISFACTION OF THE COURT INTERPRETING THE LAW THAT THE LANGUAGE OF THE TAXING STATUTE IS AMBIGUOUS OR REASONABLY CAPABLE OF MORE MEANINGS THAN ONE, WHICH IS MATERIAL. IF THE COURT DOES NOT THINK SO, THE FACT THAT TWO DIFFERENT VIEWS HAVE BEEN ADVANCED BY THE PARTIES AND ARGUED FORCEFULLY OR THAT ONE SUCH VIEW WHICH IS FAVORABLE TO THE ASSESSEE HAS BEEN ACCEPTED BY SOME TRIBUNAL OR HIGH COURT, BY ITSELF WILL NOT BE SUFFICIENT TO ATTRACT THE PRINCIPLE OF BENEFICIAL INTERPRETATION' IN THE PRESENT FACTS THE PROVISION OF SECTION 54F(4 ) OF THE ACT ARE VERY CLEAR. THERE IS NO AMBIGUITY. THUS, THERE IS NO OCCASION TO APPLY LIBERAL I BENEFICIAL CONSTRUCTION WHILE INTERPRETING THE SECTION AS CONTENDED BY THE APPELLANT. (T) IT WAS NEXT CONTENDED BY MR. CHATTERJI, LEARNED SEN IOR COUNSEL FOR THE APPELLANT THAT THE WORD 'APPROPRIATION' USED IN SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT WOULD ALSO APPLY IN TH E PRESENT CASE WHERE THE CAPITAL ASSET HAS BEEN SOLD AND SALE PROCEEDS ARE EARMARKED TO BE INVESTED IN CONSTRUCTI ON OF HOUSE. A PLAIN READING OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT MILITATES AGAINST IT. AS POINTED OUT BY MR.MALHOTRA , LEARNED COUNSEL APPEARING FOR THE REVENUE, SECTION 54F(4) O F THE ACT DEALS WITH TWO CLASSES OF CASES, ONE WHERE PURC HASE OF NEW RESIDENTIAL HOUSE IS WITHIN A PERIOD OF ONE YEA R BEFORE THE DATE ON WHICH CAPITAL ASSET IS SOLD BY ASSESSEE AND SECOND CLASS OF CASES WHERE THE AMOUNT SUBJECTED TO CAPITAL GAINS ARE UTILIZED FOR PURCHASE/ CONSTRUCTING A FLA T, POST THE SALE OF THE CAPITAL ASSET. IN THE PRESENT FACTS WE ARE CONCERNED WITH THE SECOND CLASS I.E. PURCHASE POST THE SALE OF THE CAPITAL ASSET. (U) THE PARLIAMENT HAS USED THE WORD 'APPROPRIATED' IN THE FIRST CLASS OF CASES I.E. WHERE PROPERTY HAS ALREAD Y BEEN PURCHASED PRIOR TO THE SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET AND TH E AMOUNT RECEIVED ON SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET IS APPROPRIATED T OWARDS RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 18 CONSIDERATION WHICH HAS BEEN PAID FOR PURCHASE OF T HE FLAT. IN THIS CASE WE ARE CONCERNED WITH THE PURCHASE I CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL HOUSING, AFTER THE SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET. THIS REQUIRES THE AMOUNT -WHICH IS TO BE SUBJECTED TO CAPITAL GAIN HAS TO BE UTILIZED BEF ORE THE DATE OF FILING OF RETURN OF INCOME UNDER SECTION 13 9 OF THE ACT BY THE ASSESSEE. SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT ITSE LF CLEARLY STATES THAT THE AMOUNT NOT UTILIZED IN PURC HASE / CONSTRUCTION OF FLAT / HOUSE SHOULD BE DEPOSITED IN THE SPECIFIED BANK NOTIFIED BY THE GOVERNMENT. THUS THE PLAIN LANGUAGE EMPLOYED IN SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT MAKE S A CLEAR DISTINCTION BETWEEN CASES OF APPROPRIATION (PURCHAS E PRIOR TO SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET) AND UTILIZATION (PURCHASE/CO NSTRUCTION AFTER THE SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET). THEREFORE THE WOR D 'APPROPRIATED' WOULD HAVE NO APPLICATION IN CASES OF PURCHASE I CONSTRUCTION OF A HOUSE AFTER THE SALE OF CAPITAL ASSET WITH WHICH WE ARE CONCERNED. (V) LASTLY AND IN THE ALTERNATIVE, IT IS SUBMITTED BY MR.CHATTERJI, THAT AS THE ENTIRE AMOUNT HAS BEEN PAID TO THE DEVELOPER/BUILDER BEFORE THE LAST DATE TO FILE THE RETURN OF INCOME UNDER SECTION 139 OF THE ACT, THE EXEMPTION IS AVAI LABLE TO THE APPELLANT UNDER SECTION 541(4) OF THE ACT. IN SUPPO RT, THE DECISION OF GAUHATI HIGH COURT IN RAJESH KUMAR JALAN (SUPRA) IS RELIED UPON. THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT IN T HE ABOVE CASE WAS CONCERNED WITH THE INTERPRETATION OF SECTI ON 54 OF THE ACT. IT CONSTRUED THE PROVISION OF SUB SECTION (2) OF SECTION 54 OF THE ACT WHICH IS IDENTICALLY WORDED TO SUB SECTI ON (4) OF SECTION 54F OF THE ACT THE COURT IN THE AFORESAID D ECISION HELD THAT THE REQUIREMENT OF DEPOSITING BEFORE THE DATE OF FU RNISHING OF RETURN OF INCOME UNDER SECTION 139 OF THE ACT HAS N OT TO BE RESTRICTED ONLY TO THE DATE SPECIFIED IN SECTION 139(1) OF THE ACT BUT WOULD INCLUDE ALL SUB SECTION OF SECTION 139 INCLUDING SU B SECTION (4) OF THE ACT. ON THE ABOVE BASIS IT CONCLUDED THAT I1 THE AMOUNT IS UTILIZED BEFORE THE LAST DATE OF FILING O F THE RETURN UNDER SECTION 139 OF THE ACT THEN THE PROVISION OF SECTION 54(2) OF THE ACT WOULD NOT HIT THE ASSESSEE BEFORE IT. IT IS NOT VERY CLEAR IN THE ABOVE CASE WHETHER THE AMOUNTS WE RE UTILIZED BEFORE THE ASSESSEE FILED ITS RETURN OF INCOME OR N OT. (W) HOWEVER, THE FACTUAL SITUATION ARISING IN THE PRESENT CASE IS DIFFERENT. THE RETURN OF INCOME IS ADMITTEDLY FILED ON 4TH NOVEMBER, 1996. IN TERMS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT AS INTERPRETED BY THE GAU HATI HIGH COURT IN RAJESH KUMAR JALAN (SUPRA) THE AMOUNTS SUB JECT TO CAPITAL GAIN ON SALE OF THE CAPITAL ASSET FOR PURPO SE OF EXEMPTION, HAS TO BE UTILIZED BEFORE THE DATE OF FI LING OF RETURN OF INCOME. IN THIS CASE 4-' NOVEMBER, 1996 IS THE RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 19 DATE OF FILING THE RETURN OF INCOME. IT IS NOT DISP UTED THAT ON 4 11 NOVEMBER, 1996 WHEN THE RETURN OF INCOME WAS FILED, THE ENTIRE AMOUNT WHICH WAS SUBJECT TO CAPITAL GAIN TAX HAD NO T BEEN UTILIZED FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSTRUCTION OF NEW HOU SE NOR WERE THE UNUTILIZED AMOUNTS DEPOSITED IN THE NOTIFIED BANK ACCOUNTS IN TERMS OF SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT BEFORE FILING THE RETURN OF INCOME. IT IS ALSO TO BE NOTED THAT IN LINE WITH THE INTERPRETATION OF GAUHATI HIGH COURT ON SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT, THE ASSESSING OFFICER HAD TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT ALL AMOUNTS UTILIZED FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A HOUSE BEFORE FILING THE RETURN OF INCOME ON 4 TH NOVEMBER, 1996 FOR EXTENDING THE BENEFIT OF EXEMPTION UNDER SECTIO N 54F OF THE ACT. THEREFORE, IN THE PRESENT FACTS, THE DE CISION OF THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT IN RAJESH KUMAR JALAN (SUPRA) WOULD NOT APPLY SO AS TO HOLD THAT THE APPELLANT HAD COMPLIED WITH THE SECTION 54F(4) OF THE ACT. (X) IN THE ABOVE VIEW QUESTION NO. 2 IS ALSO ANSWE RED IN THE AFFIRMATIVE I.E. IN FAVOUR OF THE REVENUE AN D AGAINST THE APPELLANT ASSESSEE. 7. IN THE ABOVE VIEW, THE APPEAL IS DISMISSED. NO ORDER AS TO COSTS. 2.4. WE NOTE THAT THE HON'BLE JURISDICTIONAL HIGH COURT VIDE AFORESAID ORDER DATED 18/08/2016 IN THE CASE OF HUMAYUN SULEMAN MERCHANT (SUPRA) DULY CONSIDERED THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT, VARIOUS CASE LAWS AND THEREAFTER REACHED TO PARTICULAR CONCLUSION. IN THE PRESENT APPEAL, THE ASSESSEE SO LD THE RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY ON 18/02/2008 AND CLAIMED EXEMPTION U/S 54 OF THE ACT. AS PER SECTION 54(2) OF THE ACT, THE AMOUNT OF THE CAPITAL GAIN WHICH IS NO T APPROPRIATED BY THE ASSESSEE TOWARDS THE PURCHASE OF NEW ASSET IS TO BE DEPOSITED BEFORE THE DUE DATE OF FILING OF THE RETURN OF INCOME U/S 139(1) OF TH E ACT, WHILE THE SECTION 54(2) CLEARLY STIPULATES THA T THE CAPITAL GAIN AMOUNT WHICH IS NOT UTILIZED BY TH E RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 20 ASSESSEE FOR THE PURCHASE/CONSTRUCTION OF NEW ASSET BEFORE THE FILING OF THE RETURN U/S 139 OF THE ACT. THUS, THE ASSESSEE IS REQUIRED TO INVEST IN THE NEW ASSET BEFORE THE FILING OF THE RETURN OF INCOME U/S 139 OF THE ACT WHICH INCLUDES BELATED RETURN FILED BY THE ASSESSEE U/S 139(1) AS WELL AS 139(4) OF THE AC T, BUT IF THE INVESTMENT IS NOT MADE BY THE ASSESSEE I N THE PURCHASE/CONSTRUCTION OF NEW ASSET WITHIN THE TIME STIPULATED FOR FILING OF RETURN U/S 139 OF THE ACT, THE SAID UNUTILIZED AMOUNT IS COMPULSORY REQUIRED TO BE DEPOSITED IN THE SPECIFIED CAPITAL G AIN ACCOUNT MAINTAINED WITH THE BANK AND AS SPECIFIED BY THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT. THE TAX LAWS ARE TO BE STRICTLY CONSTRUED IF THE LANGUAGE OF STATUTE IS PL AIN, CLEAR AND UNAMBIGUOUS. THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 54 ARE CLEAR AND UNAMBIGUOUS. HONBLE BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF HUMAYUN SULEMAN MERCHANT (SUPRA) HAS LAID DOWN THE SAID PROPOSITION THAT ASSESSEE WILL BE ENTITLED FOR CLAIMING DEDUCTI ON U/S 54/54F OF THE ACT TO THE EXTENT ASSESSEE HAD MADE INVESTMENT IN THE NEW ASSET BEFORE THE DATE OF FILING OF THE RETURN OF INCOME U/S 139 OF THE ACT A ND IF THE SAID AMOUNT IS NOT UTILIZED TOWARDS INVESTMENT IN THE NEW ASSET, THE ASSESSEE IS REQUIRED TO DEPOSIT THE UNUTILIZED AMOUNT WITH THE SPECIFIED CAPITAL GAIN ACCOUNT OR AS SPECIFIED BY T HE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BEFORE THE DUE DATE OF FURNISHING OF RETURN AS SPECIFIED U/S 139(1) OF THE RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 21 ACT. EXEMPTION PROVISIONS ARE TO BE STRICTLY CONSTRUED AT THE FIRST STAGE TO DETERMINE THE ELIGIBILITY OF TAX PAYER TO HIS CLAIM FOR EXEMPTION PROVISION AND BURDEN LAY ON THE TAX PAYER TO ESTABLISH HIS ELIGIBILITY TO CLAIM EXEMPTION UNDER THE STATUTE AND ONCE THE ELIGIBILITY IS DETERMINED THEN EXEMPTION PROVISIONS ARE TO BE LIBERALLY CONSTRUED TO GIVE FULL EFFECT TO THE PURPOSE INTEND ED BY THE STATUTE/LEGISLATURE IN GRANTING THE EXEMPTIO N TO THE TAX PAYER. KEEPING IN VIEW, THE FACTUAL MATR IX OF THIS CASE, THE ASSESSEE SHALL BE ENTITLED FOR DEDUCTION U/S 54 OF THE ACT TO THE EXTENT THE AMOUNT IS INVESTED BY THE ASSESSEE IN PURCHASE/CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW ASSET TILL THE DAT E OF FURNISHING OF RETURN BY THE ASSESSEE ON 31/03/2009, FOR WHICH THE ASSESSING OFFICER IS DIRECTED TO ALLOW THE DEDUCTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH OUR AFORESAID DIRECTIONS. THE ASSESSEE SHALL NOT BE ENTITLED FOR DEDUCTION U/S 54 OF THE ACT ON THE AMOUNT, WHICH HAS BEEN DEPOSITED IN CAPITAL GAIN ACCOUNT MAINTAINED WITH THE BANK BEYOND THE DUE DATE OF FURNISHING OF RETURN OF INCOME U/S 139(1) O F THE ACT. AS IN THE INSTANT CASE ASSESSEE HAS NOT DEPOSITED THE UNUTILIZED AMOUNT IN THE CAPITAL GAIN ACCOUNT BEFORE THE DUE DATE OF FURNISHING OF RETURN U/S 139(1) OF THE ACT AND HENCE AS PER SECTION 54(2), NO DEDUCTION SHALL BE ALLOWED TO THE ASSESSE E WITH RESPECT TO THE DEPOSITS OF RS.60 LAKHS MADE RAVI KANT HUF ITA NO.4174/MUM/2015 22 WITH THE CAPITAL GAIN ACCOUNT WITH THE BANK. OUR VIEW IS SUPPORTED BY THE RATIO OF LAW LAID DOWN BY THE HON'BLE BOMBAY HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF HUMAYUN SULEMAN MERCHANT (SUPRA), WHICH IS BINDING IN NATURE. FINALLY, THE APPEAL OF THE ASSESSEE IS DISMISSED. THIS ORDER WAS PRONOUNCED IN THE OPEN COURT ON 03/04/2017. SD/- SD/- ( N.K. PRADHAN ) (JOGINDER SINGH) ' # / ACCOUNTANT MEMBER $ # / JUDICIAL MEMBER MUMBAI; / DATED : 03/04/2017 F{X~{T? P.S / 0) !%$&'()(*& / COPY OF THE ORDER FORWARDED TO : 1. 1234 / THE APPELLANT 2. 534 / THE RESPONDENT. 3. 6 6 7$ ( 12 ) / THE CIT, MUMBAI. 4. 6 6 7$ / CIT(A)- , MUMBAI 5. 8)9$ , 6 12-1 : , / DR, ITAT, MUMBAI 6. '; / GUARD FILE. ! / BY ORDER, 582$$ //TRUE COPY// / (DY./ASSTT. REGISTRAR) , / ITAT, MUMBAI,