आयकरअपीलीयअधिकरण , अहमदाबादनयायपीी INTHEINCOMETAXAPPELLATETRIBUNAL, ‘’C’’BENCH,AHMEDABAD BEFORESHRIWASEEMAHMED,ACCOUNTANTMEMBER And SHRIT.RSENTHILKUMAR,JUDICIALMEMBER आयकरअपीलसं./ITANo.446/AHD/2023 धििाधरणवरध / Asstt.Year:2018-2019 AdaniGreenTechnologyLimited, 1,AdaniHouse, Nr.MithakhaliSixRoads, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380009. PAN:AAWCS9158G Vs. ThePrincipalCommissioner ofIncome-tax, Ahmedabad-1, Ahmedabad. (Applicant)(Respondent) Assesseeby:ShriBirenShah,AR Revenueby:ShriKamleshMakwana,Sr.DR सुिवाईकीतारीख/DateofHearing:17/10/2023 घोरणाकीतारीख/DateofPronouncement:20/10/2023 आदेश/ORDER PERWASEEMAHMED,ACCOUNTANTMEMBER: ThecaptionedappealhasbeenfiledattheinstanceoftheAssesseeagainst theorderoftheLearnedPrincipalCommissionerofIncomeTax,Ahmedabad-1, arisinginthematteroftheorderpassedunders.263oftheIncomeTaxAct, 1961(here-in-afterreferredtoas"theAct")relevanttotheAssessmentYear 2018-2019. ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 2 2.TheonlygrievanceraisedbytheassesseeisthattheLd.PCITu/s263of theActerredinholdingtheassessmentframedbytheAOu/s143(3)oftheAct. r.w.s.143(3A)and143(3B)oftheAct,aserroneousinsofarprejudicialtothe interestofrevenue. 3.TheLd.PCIT,onperusaloftheassessmentrecords,foundthatthe assesseehasmadehugeinvestmentinsharesandsecuritieswhichcangenerate exemptedincomeu/s10(34)oftheAct.Likewise,theLd.PCITalsofoundthatthe assesseehasclaimedtotalexpensesintheprofitandlossaccountsincluding financialcostamountingtoRs.20,36,767/-only.However,assesseehasnotmade anydisallowanceundertheprovisionofsection14Ar.w.Rule8DofIncome-tax RuleswhichwascompulsorytohavebeenmadeinpursuancetotheCBDT CircularNo.05/2014dated11/02/2014,eveninasituationwhentheassesseehas notearnedanyexemptedincome.Thus,theLd.PCITwasoftheviewthatthe assessmenthasbeenframedbytheAOwithoutnecessaryverificationand inquirieswhichshouldhavebeenmade.Accordingly,theLd.PCITset-asidethe AssessmentOrderanddirectedtheAOtoframetheassessmentafreshafter necessaryinquiries. 4.BeingaggrievedbytheorderoftheLd.PCIT,theassesseeisinappeal beforeus. 5.TheLd.ARbeforeusfiledapaperbookrunningfrompages1to64and contendedthattherewasnoexemptedincomereceivedbytheassesseeinthe yearunderconsiderationandthereforethequestionofdisallowanceunderthe provisionofsection14Ar.w.Rule8DofIncome-taxRulesdoesnotarise.TheLd. ARinsupportofhiscontentionreliedonthejudgmentofHon’bleJurisdictional HighCourtinthecaseofCITvs.CorrtechEnergyPvtLtd.reportedin223taxman 130whichwassubsequentlyupheldbytheHon’bleSCinthecaseofCITvs. ChettinadLogisticPvt.Ltd.Vsreportedin95taxmann.com250. ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 3 6.Ontheotherhand,theLd.DRsubmittedthattheassessmenthasbeen framedbytheAOwithoutproperinquiriesandthereforetheactiontakenbythe Ld.PCITu/s263oftheAct,iswellwithinhisjurisdiction.TheLd.DRinsupportof hisclaimhasreliedonjudgmentoftheHon’bleBombayHighCourtinthecaseof VedantaLtdvs.CITreportedin124taxmann.com435. 7.Wehaveheardtherivalcontentionsofboththepartiesandperusedthe materialsavailableonrecord.InrevisingtheAssessmentOrderu/s263oftheAct, thetwinconditionsneedtobesatisfiedbeingerroneousinsofarprejudicialtothe interestofrevenue.Ifanyoftheconditionismissing,thentheassessmentcannot berevisedu/s263oftheAct.Admittedly,inthegivencase,thereisnoexempted incomeu/s10(34)oftheActfortheyearunderconsideration.TheHon’bleCourts timeandagainheldthattherecannotbeanydisallowanceundertheprovisionof section14Ar.w.Rule8DofIncometaxRulesinasituationwherethereisno exemptincomeearnedbytheassessee.WealsorelyonthejudgmentofHon’ble JurisdictionalHighCourtinthecaseofCorrtechEnergyPvt.Ltd(Supra)whereinit washeldasunder: Inthepresentcase,thetribunalhasrecordedthefindingoffactthattheassesseedidnot makeanyclaimforexemptionofanyincomefrompaymentoftax.Itwasonthisbasis thatthetribunalheldthatdisallowanceundersection14AoftheActcouldnotbemade.In theprocesstribunalreliedonthedecisionofDivisionBenchofPunjabandHaryanaHigh CourtincaseofCITvWinsomeTextileIndustriesLtd.[2009]319ITR204inwhichalso theCourthadobservedasunder: "7.Wedonotfindanymeritinthissubmission.ThejudgementofthiscourtinAbhishek IndustriesLtd(2006)286ITR1wasontheissueofallowabilityofinterestpaidonloans giventosisterconcerns,withoutinterest.Itwasheldthatdeductionforinterestwas permissiblewhenloanwastakenforbusinesspurposeandnotfordivertingthesameto sisterconcernwithouthavingnexuswiththebusiness.Theobservationsmadetherein havetobereadinthatcontext.Inthepresentcase,admittedlytheassesseedidnotmake anyclaimforexemption.Insuchasituationsection14Acouldhavenoapplication." 5.Wedonotfindanyquestionoflawarising,TaxAppealisthereforedismissed. 8.TheviewtakenbytheHon’bleJurisdictionalHighCourtintheabovecited casehasbeensubsequentlyapprovedbytheHon’bleSCinthecaseof\M/s ChettinadLogisticsPvt.Ltd.(supra).TheheadnoteofthejudgmentofHon’ble SupremeCourtreadsasunder: ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 4 Section14A,oftheIncome-taxAct,1961,readwithrule8DoftheIncome-TaxRules, 1962-Expenditureincurredinrelationtoincomenotincludibleintotalincome(General principle)-Assessmentyear2011-12-HighCourtbyimpugnedorderheldthatsection 14Acanonlybetriggered,if,assesseeseekstosquareoffexpenditureagainstincome whichdoesnotformpartoftotalincomeunderAct;rule8Donlyprovidesforamethodto determineamountofexpenditureincurredinrelationtoincome,whichdoesnotformpart oftotalincomeofassesseeanditcannotgobeyondwhatisprovidedinsection14A-It furtherheldthatwherenoexemptincomei.e.,dividend,wasearnedinrelevant assessmentyearbyassessee,section14Acouldnotbeinvoked-WhetherSLPagainstsaid impugnedorderwastobedismissed-Held,yes[Para1][Infavourofassessee] 8.1NowithasbecomelawofthelandbyvirtueofthefindingsoftheHon’ble SCthattherecannotbeanydisallowanceu/s14Ar.w.Rule8DofIncome-tax Rulesinasituationwheretheassesseehasnotearnedanyexemptedincomeuntil andunlessthereissomechangeundertheprovisionsoflaw.Thefactthatthe assesseehasnotearnedexemptincomehasnowherebeendisputedbytheLd. DRappearingonbehalfoftherevenue.Accordingly,weholdthatthereisnoerror causinganyprejudicetotheinterestofrevenueintheassessmentframedu/s 143(3)oftheAct. 8.2Atthisstage,itisnecessarytodealwiththeamendmentunderthe provisionofsection14AoftheActbywayinsertionofanexplanationclarifying thatthedisallowanceneedstobemadeundersection14AoftheActeventhereis noexemptincomeearnedbytheassessee.However,wefindthatsuch amendmentisnotapplicablefortheyearunderconsiderationbyvirtueofthe orderoftheITATinthecaseofDCITVs.M/sCLPIndiaPvt.Ltd.inITANo. 290/AHD/2020fortheAY2015videorderdated4-11-2022whereinitwasheldas under: 7.TheotherargumentsoftheLd.D.R.namelytheAmendmentnamelyinsertionof ExplanationtoSection14AmadebytheFinanceAct2022willbeapplicableretrospective. ThisargumentoftheLd.D.R.doesnotholditgoodastheveryrecentDelhiHighCourt JudgmentinthecaseofEraInfrastructure(India)Ltd.(citedsupra)whereintheHon’ble Courtheldasfollows: 3.HesubmitsthattheITATerredinrelyingonthedecisionofthisCourtinPCIT vs.IL&FSEnergy)DevelopmentCompanyLtd.,2017SCCOnlineDel9893 (whereinithasbeenheldthatnodisallowanceunderSection14AoftheActcan bemadeiftheassesseehadnotearnedanyexemptincome),astherevenuehas ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 5 notbeenacceptedthesaiddecisionandhaspreferredanSLPagainstthesaid decision. 4.Learnedcounselforthepetitioneralsosubmitsthatinviewoftheamendment madebytheFinanceAct,2022toSection14AoftheActbyinsertinganon obstanteclauseandanexplanationaftertheproviso,achangeinlawhasbeen broughtaboutandconsequently,thejudgmentsrelieduponbytheauthorities belowincludingPCITvs.IL&FSEnergyDevelopmentCompanyLtd(supra)areno longergoodlaw.TheamendmenttoSection14AoftheActisreproduced hereinbelow:- "Amendmentofsection14A. Insection14AoftheIncome-taxAct,- (a)insub-section(1),forthewords"Forthepurposesof",thewords "NotwithstandinganythingtothecontrarycontainedinthisAct,forthe purposesof"shallbesubstituted; (b)aftertheproviso,thefollowingExplanationshallbeinserted,namely:- "'[Explanation.—Fortheremovalofdoubts,itisherebyclarifiedthat notwithstandinganythingtothecontrarycontainedinthisAct,the provisionsofthissectionshallapplyandshallbedeemedtohavealways appliedinacasewheretheincome,notformingpartofthetotalincome underthisAct,hasnotaccruedorarisenorhasnotbeenreceivedduring thepreviousyearrelevanttoanassessmentyearandtheexpenditurehas beenincurredduringthesaidpreviousyearinrelationtosuchincomenot formingpartofthetotalincome.]" 5.HoweveraperusaloftheMemorandumoftheFinanceBill,2022revealsthatit explicitlystipulatesthattheamendmentmadetoSection14Awilltakeeffectfrom 1stApril,2022andwillapplyinrelationtotheassessmentyear2022-23and subsequentassessmentyears.TherelevantextractofClauses4,5,6&7ofthe MemorandumofFinanceBill,2022arereproducedhereinbelow: "4.Inordertomaketheintentionofthelegislationclearandto makeitfreefromanymisinterpretation,itisproposedtoinsertan Explanationtosection14AoftheActtoclarifythatnotwithstanding anythingtothecontrarycontainedinthisAct,theprovisionsofthis sectionshallapplyandshallbedeemedtohavealwaysappliedinacase whereexemptincomehasnotaccruedorarisenorhasnotbeenreceived duringthepreviousyearrelevanttoanassessmentyearandthe expenditurehasbeenincurredduringthesaidpreviousyearinrelationto suchexemptincome. 5.Thisamendmentwilltakeeffectfrom1stApril,2022, 6.Itisalsoproposedtoamendsub-section(1)ofthesaidsection,soas toincludeanon-obstanteclauseinrespectofotherprovisionsofthe Income-taxActandprovidethatnodeductionshallbeallowedinrelation toexemptincome,notwithstandinganythingtothecontrarycontainedin thisAct. ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 6 7.Thisamendmentwilltakeeffectfrom1stApril,2022andwill accordinglyapplyinrelationtotheassessmentyear2022-23and subsequentassessmentyears." (emphasissupplied) 6.Furthermore,theSupremeCourtinSedcoForexInternationalDrill.Inc.v.CIT, (2005)12SCC717hasheldthataretrospectiveprovisioninataxactwhichis"for theremovalofdoubts"cannotbepresumedtoberetrospective,evenwheresuch languageisused,ifitaltersorchangesthelawasitearlierstood.Therelevant extractofthesaidjudgmentisreproducedhereinbelow: "9.TheHighCourtdidnotrefertothe1999Explanationinupholdingthe inclusionofsalaryforthefieldbreakperiodsintheassessableincomeof theemployeesoftheappellant.However,therespondentshaveurgedthe pointbeforeus. 10.Inourviewthe1999Explanationcouldnotapplytoassessmentyears forthesimplereasonthatithadnotcomeintoeffectthen.Priorto introducingthe1999Explanation,thedecisioninCITv.S.G.Pgnatale [(1980)124ITR391(Guj)]wasfollowedin1989byaDivisionBenchof theGauhatiHighCourtinCITv.GoslinoMario[(2000)241ITR314 (Gau)].Itfoundthatthe1983Explanationhadbeengiveneffectfrom1- 4-1979whereastheyearinquestioninthatcasewas1976-77andsaid: (ITRp.318) "[I]tissettledlawthatassessmenthastobemadewithreference tothelawwhichisinexistenceattherelevanttime.Themere factthattheassessmentsinquestionhas(sic)somehowremained pendingon1-4-1979,cannotbecogentreasontomakethe Explanationapplicabletothecasesofthepresentassessees.This fortuitouscircumstancecannottakeawaythevestedrightsofthe assesseesathand." 11.ThereasoningoftheGauhatiHighCourtwasexpresslyaffirmedby thisCourtinCITv.GoslinoMario[(2000)10SCC165:(2000)241ITR 312].Thesedecisionsarethusauthoritiesforthepropositionthatthe 1983Explanationexpresslyintroducedwitheffectfromaparticulardate wouldnoteffecttheearlierassessmentyears. 12.Inthisstateofthelaw,on27-2-1999theFinanceBill,1999 substitutedtheExplanationtoSection9(l)(ii)(orwhathasbeenreferred tobyusasthe1999Explanation).Section5oftheBillexpresslystated thatwitheffectfrom1-4-2000,thesubstitutedExplanationwouldread: "Explanation.—Fortheremovalofdoubts,itisherebydeclaredthatthe incomeofthenaturereferredtointhisclausepayablefor— (a)servicerenderedinIndia;and (b)therestperiodorleaveperiodwhichisprecededandsucceededby servicesrenderedinIndiaandformspartoftheservicecontractof employment,shallberegardedasincomeearnedinIndia." TheFinanceAct,1999whichfollowedtheBillincorporatedthesubstituted ExplanationtoSection9(l)(ii)withoutanychange. ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 7 13.TheExplanationasintroducedin1983wasconstruedbytheKerala HighCourtinCITv.S.R.Patton[(1992)193ITR49(Ker)]whilefollowing theGujaratHighCourt'sdecisioninS.G.Pgnatale[(1980)124ITR391 (Guj)]toholdthattheExplanationwasnotdeclaratorybutwidenedthe scopeofSection9(l)(ii).Itwasfurtherheldthatevenifitwereassumed tobeclarificatoryorthatitremovedwhateverambiguitytherewasin Section9(l)(ii)oftheAct,itdidnotoperateinrespectofperiodswhich werepriorto1-4-1979.ItwasheldthatsincetheExplanationcameinto forcefrom1-4-1979,itcouldnotbereliedonforanypurposeforan anteriorperiod. 14.IntheappealpreferredfromthedecisionbytheRevenuebeforethis Court,theRevenuedidnotquestionthisreadingoftheExplanationbythe KeralaHighCourt,butrestricteditselftoaquestionoffactviz.whether theTribunalhadcorrectlyfoundthatthesalaryoftheassesseewaspaid byaforeigncompany.ThisCourtdismissedtheappealholdingthatitwas aquestionoffact.(CITv.S.R.Patton[(1998)8SCC608]). 15.GiventhislegislativehistoryofSection9(l)(ii),wecanonlyassume thatitwasdeliberatelyintroducedwitheffectfrom1-4-2000and thereforeintendedtoapplyprospectively[SeeCITv.Pate/Bros.&Co. Ltd.,(1995)4SCC485,494(para18):(1995)215ITR165].Itwasalso understoodassuchbyCBDTwhichissuedCircularNo.779dated14-9- 1999containingExplanatoryNotesontheprovisionsoftheFinanceAct, 1999insofarasitrelatedtodirecttaxes.Itsaidinparas5.2and5.3. "5.2TheActhasexpandedtheexistingExplanationwhichstates thatsalarypaidforservicesrenderedinIndiashallberegardedas incomeearnedinIndia,soastospecificallyprovidethatany salarypayablefortherestperiodorleaveperiodwhichisboth precededandsucceededbyserviceinIndiaandformspartofthe servicecontractofemploymentwillalsoberegardedasincome earnedinIndia. 5.3Thisamendmentwilltakeeffectfrom1-4-2000,andwill accordingly,applyinrelationtoAssessmentYear2000-2001and subsequentyears." 16.Thedepartmentalunderstandingoftheeffectofthe1999Amendment evenifitwereassumednottobindtherespondentsunderSection119of theAct,neverthelessaffordsareasonableconstructionofit,andthereis noreasonwhyweshouldnotadoptit. 17.AswasaffirmedbythisCourtinGoslinoMario[(2000)10SCC165: (2000)241ITR312]acardinalprincipleofthetaxlawisthatthelawto beappliedisthatwhichisinforceintherelevantassessmentyearunless otherwiseprovidedexpresslyorbynecessaryimplication.(Seea/so RelianceJuteandIndustriesLtd.v.CIT[(1980)1SCC139:1980SCC (Tax)67].)AnExplanationtoastatutoryprovisionmayfulfilthepurpose ofclearingupanambiguityinthemainprovisionoranExplanationcan addtoandwidenthescopeofthemainsection[SeeSoniaBhatiav.State ofU.P.,(1981)2SCC585,598:AIR1981SC1274,1282para24].Ifitis initsnatureclarificatorythentheExplanationmustbereadintothemain ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 8 provisionwitheffectfromthetimethatthemainprovisioncameintoforce [SeeShyamSunderv.RamKumar,(2001)8SCC24(para44);BrijMohan DasLaxmanDasv.CIT,(1997)1SCC352,354;CITv.PodarCement(P) Ltd.,(1997)5SCC482,506].Butifitchangesthelawitisnotpresumed toberetrospective,irrespectiveofthefactthatthephrasesusedare"itis declared"or"fortheremovalofdoubts". (emphasissupplied) 7.TheaforesaidpropositionoflawhasbeenreiteratedbytheSupremeCourtin M.MAquaTechnologiesLtd.V.CommissionerofIncomeTax,Delhi-Ill,2021SCC OnlineSC575.Therelevantportionofthesaidjudgmentisreproduced hereinbelow:- "22.Second,aretrospectiveprovisioninataxactwhichis"forthe removalofdoubts"cannotbepresumedtoberetrospective,evenwhere suchlanguageisused,ifitaltersorchangesthelawasitearlierstood. ThiswasstatedinSedcoForexInternationalDrill.Inc.v.CIT,(2005)12 SCC717asfollows: 17.AswasaffirmedbythisCourtinGoslinoMario[(2000)10SCC 165]acardinalprincipleofthetaxlawisthatthelawtobe appliedisthatwhichisinforceintherelevantassessmentyear unlessotherwiseprovidedexpresslyorbynecessaryimplication. (SeealsoRelianceJuteandIndustriesLtd.v.CIT[(1980)1SCC 139].)AnExplanationtoastatutoryprovisionmayfulfilthe purposeofclearingupanambiguityinthemainprovisionoran Explanationcanaddtoandwidenthescopeofthemainsection [SeeSoniaBhatiav.StateofU.P.,(1981)2SCC585].Ifitisinits natureclarificatorythentheExplanationmustbereadintothe mainprovisionwitheffectfromthetimethatthemainprovision cameintoforce[SeeShyamSunderv.RamKumar,(2001)8SCC 24;BrijMohanDasLaxmanDasv.CIT,(1997)1SCC352;CITv. PodarCement(P)Ltd.,(1997)5SCC482].Butifitchangesthe lawitisnotpresumedtoberetrospective,irrespectiveofthefact thatthephrasesusedare"itisdeclared"or"fortheremovalof doubts". 18.TherewasandisnoambiguityinthemainprovisionofSection 9(l)(ii).Itincludessalariesinthetotalincomeofanassesseeifthe assesseehasearneditinIndia.Theword"earned"hadbeen judiciallydefinedinS.G.Pgnatale[(1980)124ITR391(Guj)]by theHighCourtofGujarat,inourview,correctly,tomeanas income"arisingoraccruinginIndia".Theamendmenttothe sectionbywayofanExplanationin1983effectedachangeinthe scopeofthatjudicialdefinitionsoastoincludewitheffectfrom 1979,"incomepayableforservicerenderedinIndia". 19.WhentheExplanationseekstogiveanartificialmeaningto "earnedinIndia"andbringsaboutachangeeffectivelyinthe existinglawandinadditionisstatedtocomeintoforcewitheffect fromafuturedate,thereisnoprincipleofinterpretationwhich wouldjustifyreadingtheExplanationasoperating retrospectively." ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 9 8.Consequently,thisCourtisoftheviewthattheamendmentofSection14A, whichis"forremovalofdoubts"cannotbepresumedtoberetrospectiveeven wheresuchlanguageisused,ifitaltersorchangesthelawasitearlierstood. 7.1.RespectfullyfollowingtheabovejudicialprinciplestheinsertionofExplanationto Section14AbytheFinanceAct,2022isoperativeonlyfromtheAssessmentYear2022-23 onwardsandnotapplicablefortheearlierAssessmentYearsandthereforetheargument oftheLd.D.R.isherebyrejected. 8.3Atthetimeofhearingtheld.DRhasreferredthejudgmentofHon’ble BombayHighCourtinthecaseofM/sVedantaLtd(supra)butwefindthatthe sameisdistinguishablefromthefactsofthepresentcase,thuswehumblyhold thesamecannotbemadeapplicabletothegivenfactsofthepresentcase. 8.4Inviewoftheabove,wequashtherevisionalorderpassedbytheLd.PCIT u/s263oftheAct.Hence,thegroundofappealoftheassesseeisherebyallowed. 9.Intheresult,theappealfiledbytheassesseeisallowed. OrderpronouncedintheCourton20/10/2023atAhmedabad. Sd/-Sd/- (T.RSENTHILKUMAR)(WASEEMAHMED) JUDICIALMEMBERACCOUNTANTMEMBER (TrueCopy) Ahmedabad:Dated20/10/2023 Manish ITAno.446/AHD/2023 A.Y.2018-19 10 आदेशकीपधतधलधपगेधरत/CopyoftheOrderforwardedto: आदेशािुसार/BYORDER, उप/सहायकपंजीकार(Dy./Asstt.Registrar) आयकरअपीलीयअधिकरण,अहमदाबाद/ITAT,Ahmedabad 1. अपीलार्/TheAppellant 2. प्यर्/TheRespondent. 3. संबंधितआयकरआयुक/ConcernedCIT 4. आयकरआयुक(अपील)/TheCIT(A) 5. धवभागीयपधतधिधि,आयकरअपीलीयअधिकरण/DR, ITAT, 6. गारधफाईल/Guardfile.