I.T.A. NO. 476/KOL./2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 PAGE 1 OF 8 IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL, KOLKATA A BENCH, KOLKATA BEFORE SHRI P.M. JAGTAP, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER AND SHRI S.S. VISHWANETHRA RAVI, JUDICIAL MEMBER I.T.A. NO. 476 /KOL/ 2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX,................. ..................APPELLANT CIRCLE-2, KOLKATA, AAYAKAR BHAWAN, P-7, CHOWRINGHEE SQUARE, KOLKATA-700 069 -VS.- M/S. WEST BENGAL FISHERIES CORPORATION LIMITED,.... ..........RESPONDENT 31, G.N. BLOCK, SECTOR-V, SALT LAKE, KOLKATA-700 09 1 [PAN: AAACW 4382 N] & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 (ARISING OUT OF ITA NO. 476/KOL/2013) ASSESSMENT YEAR : 2005-2006 M/S. WEST BENGAL FISHERIES CORPORATION LIMITED,.... ..........CROSS OBJECTOR 31, G.N. BLOCK, SECTOR-V, SALT LAKE, KOLKATA-700 091 [PAN: AAACW 4382 N] -VS.- DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX,................. ..................RESPONDENT CIRCLE-2, KOLKATA, AAYAKAR BHAWAN, P-7, CHOWRINGHEE SQUARE, KOLKATA-700 069 APPEARANCES BY: SHRI GIRISH SHARMA, FCA, FOR THE ASSESSEE SHRI SALLONG YADEN, ADDL. CIT, D.R., FOR THE DEPARTMENT DATE OF CONCLUDING THE HEARING : JULY 11, 2016 DATE OF PRONOUNCING THE ORDER : SEPTEMBER 7 TH , 2016 O R D E R PER SHRI P.M. JAGTAP, A.M .: THIS APPEAL IS PREFERRED BY THE REVENUE AGAINST THE ORDER OF LD. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS)-I, KOLKATA DAT ED 27.12.2012 FOR THE ASSESSMENT YEAR 2005-06 AND THE SAME IS BEING D ISPOSED OF ALONG WITH THE CROSS OBJECTION FILED BY THE ASSESSEE BEIN G C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013. 2. THE ASSESSEE IN THE PRESENT CASE IS A COMPANY, W HICH IS ENGAGED IN THE BUSINESS OF FISHERIES PROJECT DEVELOPMENT. THE RETURN OF INCOME FOR I.T.A. NO. 476/KOL./2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 PAGE 2 OF 8 THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION WAS FILED BY IT ON 30. 10.2015 DECLARING TOTAL INCOME AT NIL. IN THE ASSESSMENT ORIGINALLY COMPL ETED UNDER SECTION 143(3) VIDE AN ORDER DATED 31.12.2007, THE INCOME O F THE ASSESSEE FOR THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDERATION WAS DETERMINED BY THE ASSE SSING OFFICER AT RS.77,41,629/- AND THE SAME WAS ADJUSTED ENTIRELY A GAINST THE BROUGHT FORWARD BUSINESS LOSS OF THE EARLIER YEARS. THEREAF TER THE ASSESSMENT WAS REOPENED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER AFTER RECORDING T HE REASONS AND IN THE ASSESSMENT COMPLETED UNDER SECTION 143(3)/147, THE INCOME OF THE ASSESSEE WAS DETERMINED BY HIM AT RS.3,70,35,472/- AFTER MAKING DISALLOWANCE ON ACCOUNT OF DEPRECIATION ON THE ASSE TS, WHICH HAD REMAINED IN WORK-IN-PROGRESS. IN THE SAID REASSESSM ENT, EVEN THE BROUGHT FORWARD LOSS OF THE EARLIER YEARS WAS RECOMPUTED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER AT RS.28,45,142/- AND AFTER SETTING OFF THE SAME, T HE TOTAL INCOME OF THE ASSESSEE WAS DETERMINED BY HIM AT RS.2,88,90,330/-. 3. AGAINST THE ORDER PASSED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICE R UNDER SECTION 143(3)/147, AN APPEAL WAS PREFERRED BY THE ASSESSEE BEFORE THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) CHALLENGING THE VALIDITY OF THE SAID A SSESSMENT AS WELL AS DISPUTING THE ACTION OF THE ASSESSING OFFICER IN DI SALLOWING ITS CLAIM FOR DEPRECIATION ON THE ASSETS THAT HAD REMAINED IN WOR K-IN-PROGRESS AND RE- COMPUTING THE BROUGHT FORWARD LOSS OF THE EARLIER Y EARS AT A LOWER FIGURE. AFTER CONSIDERING THE SUBMISSIONS MADE BY THE ASSES SEE AND PERUSING THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD, THE LD. CIT( APPEALS) DID NOT FIND MERIT IN THE PRELIMINARY ISSUE RAISED BY THE ASSESS EE CHALLENGING THE VALIDITY OF THE ASSESSMENT MADE BY THE ASSESSING OF FICER UNDER SECTION 143(3)/147 AND UPHOLDING THE VALIDITY OF THE SAME, HE DECIDED THE PRELIMINARY ISSUE AGAINST THE ASSESSEE. THE LD. CIT (APPEALS), HOWEVER, FOUND MERIT IN THE CASE OF THE ASSESSEE ON THE ISSU E RELATING TO ITS CLAIM FOR DEPRECIATION ON THE ASSETS, WHICH HAD REMAINED IN WORK-IN-PROGRESS AND ACCORDINGLY DIRECTED THE ASSESSING OFFICER TO A LLOW FULL DEPRECIATION ON THE SAID ASSETS. AS REGARDS THE ISSUE RELATING T O THE DETERMINATION OF I.T.A. NO. 476/KOL./2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 PAGE 3 OF 8 THE BROUGHT FORWARD LOSSES OF THE EARLIER YEARS, TH E LD. CIT(APPEALS) DIRECTED THE ASSESSING OFFICER TO VERIFY THE WORKIN G FURNISHED BY THE ASSESSEE FROM THE RELEVANT RECORD AND ALLOW THE CLA IM OF THE ASSESSEE FOR SET OFF OF THE SAID LOSS ACCORDINGLY. AGGRIEVED BY THE ORDER OF THE LD. CIT(APPEALS), THE REVENUE HAS PREFERRED THIS APPEAL BEFORE THE TRIBUNAL, WHILE THE ASSESSEE HAS ALSO FILED CROSS OBJECTION R AISING A PRELIMINARY ISSUE RELATING TO THE VALIDITY OF THE ASSESSMENT MA DE BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER UNDER SECTION 143(3)/147 ON THE FOLLOWING G ROUNDS:- GROUNDS IN REVENUES APPEAL: (1) WHETHER ON THE FACTS AND IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF TH E CASE, THE LD. CIT(A)-I, KOLKATA HAS ERRED IN DIRECT ING THE ASSESSING OFFICER TO VERIFY AND ALLOW THE SET OFF O F ACCUMULATED BROUGHT FORWARD LOSS FOR THE AY 2004-05 , ALTHOUGH THE SAME DULY CONSIDERED BY THE AO IN THE ASSESSMENT ORDER? (2) WHETHER ON THE FACTS AND THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE C ASE, THE LD. CIT(A)-1, KOLKATA HAS ERRED IN DIRECTING TH E AO TO ALLOW FULL DEPRECIATION ON THE ASSETS WHICH WERE RE MAIN IN WORK-IN-PROGRESS? (3) WHETHER ON THE FACTS AND THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE C ASE, THE LD. CIT(A)-1, KOLKATA HAS ERRED IN DIRECTING TH E AO TO ALLOW ARREAR DEPRECIATION OF RS.2,81,57,369/- ALTHO UGH THE SAME WAS DULY DEBITED TO THE P/L ACCOUNT OF F.Y . 2004-05 AND NOT ALLOWABLE AS PER I.T. ACT? GROUNDS IN CROSS OBJECTION THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) SHOULD HAVE HELD THAT THE REASSESSMENT BEING ON ACCOUNT OF CHANGE OF OPINION ON THE SAME SET OF FACTS ON WHICH THE ORIGINAL ASSESSM ENT ORDER WAS MADE, IS DEVOID OF INITIAL AND INHERENT JURISDICTION AND IS A NULLITY, LIABLE TO BE STRUCK DOWN ON THAT SCORE. 4. SINCE THE CROSS OBJECTION FILED BY THE ASSESSEE RAISES A PRELIMINARY ISSUE RELATING TO THE VALIDITY OF ASSESSMENT MADE B Y THE ASSESSING OFFICER UNDER SECTION 143(3)/147, THE SAME IS BEING CONSIDE RED AND DECIDED FIRST. I.T.A. NO. 476/KOL./2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 PAGE 4 OF 8 5. APROPOS THIS ISSUE, THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSE SSEE CONTENDED THAT THE ORIGINAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE YEAR UNDER CONSIDER ATION WAS COMPLETED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER IN THE CASE OF THE ASSESSE E UNDER SECTION 143(3) OF THE ACT AFTER VERIFYING ALL THE RELEVANT RECORDS INCLUDING THE BOOKS OF ACCOUNT OF THE ASSESSEE AND IN THE ABSENCE OF ANY N EW INFORMATION OR MATERIAL COMING TO THE POSSESSION OF THE ASSESSING OFFICER, THE REOPENING OF ASSESSMENT ON THE BASIS OF SAME RECORDS WAS BASE D ON A MERE CHANGE OF OPINION, WHICH IS NOT PERMISSIBLE IN LAW. IN SUP PORT OF THIS CONTENTION, HE RELIED ON THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE SUPREME CO URT IN THE CASE OF CIT VS.- KELVINATOR OF INDIA LIMITED REPORTED IN 320 I TR 561 AS WELL AS THE DECISION OF THE HONBLE CALCUTTA HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF MANMOHAN KEDIA VS.- ITO REPORTED IN 344 ITR 187. 6. THE LD. D.R., ON THE OTHER HAND, STRONGLY RELIED ON THE IMPUGNED ORDER OF THE LD. CIT(APPEALS) IN SUPPORT OF THE REV ENUES CASE ON THIS ISSUE AND CONTENDED THAT THE ASSESSMENT HAVING BEEN REOPENED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER ON THE NEW ISSUES, WHICH HAD NOT BEEN SPECIFICALLY DECIDED IN THE ASSESSMENT ORIGINALLY COMPLETED UNDE R SECTION 143(3) AS EVIDENT FROM THE REASONS RECORDED BY HIM, THE REOPE NING WAS IN ACCORDANCE WITH LAW. 7. WE HAVE CONSIDERED THE RIVAL SUBMISSIONS AND ALS O PERUSED THE RELEVANT MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON RECORD. IN ORDER TO APPRECIATE THE CONTENTION OF THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE ON T HE PRELIMINARY ISSUE RAISED IN THIS CASE CHALLENGING THE VALIDITY OF REO PENING OF ASSESSMENT, IT IS RELEVANT TO REFER TO THE REASONS RECORDED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER FOR REOPENING, WHICH ARE EXTRACTED BELOW:- 1. DURING THE YEAR THE ASSESSEE SHOWN NET PROFIT T O THE TUNE OF RS.58,67,595/- IN THE P/L A/CS. IT WAS ASSESSED U/S . 143(3) AT RS.7741629/- AFTER ADJUSTING B/F BUSINESS LOSS OF R S.2,88,71,747/- FROM PREVIOUS YEAR AND A LOSS OF RS.2,11,30,118/- W AS ALLOWED TO BE CARRIED FORWARD TO NEXT YEAR. I.T.A. NO. 476/KOL./2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 PAGE 5 OF 8 2. ON VERIFICATION OF ASSESSMENT RECORD IT IS SEEN THAT DURING THE YEAR THE ASSESSEE COMPANY HAD BOOK PROFIT OF RS58,6 7,595/-. IT HAD NO BROUGHT FORWARD DEPRECIATION LOSS, NO TAX WAS CO MPUTED U/S 115JB ON THE BOOK PROFIT OF RS58,67,595/- THOUGH TH ERE WAS NO B/F DEPRECIATION LOSS IF IS EVIDENT THAT THE ASSESSEE C OMPANY HAS DELIBERATELY AVOIDED COMPUTING TAX U/S 115JB ON THE BOOKS PROFIT. THEREFORE, IT RESULTED NON LEVY OF TAX TO THE TUNE OF RS.6,11,892/-. 3. WHILE FRAMING ASSESSMENT US 143(3) THE ACCUMULAT ED B/F LOSS FROM PREVIOUS YEAR WAS CONSIDERED TO BE OF RS.2,88,71,74 7/- TO ARRIVE AT LOSS OF RS.2,11,30,118/- WHICH WAS ALLOWED TO BE CA RRIED FORWARD TO NEXT YEAR. IT REVEALED FROM THE EARLIER YEARS RECOR DS THAT A LOSS AMOUNTING TO RS.40,66,962/- WAS AVAILABLE INSTEAD O F RS.2,88,71,747/-. THIS RESULTED IN UNDERASSESSMENT TO THE TUNE OF RS.2,48,04,785/-. 4. AS PER AUDITORS REPORT CAPITAL WORK-IN-PROGRESS OF RS. 37660671/- HAD BEEN CAPITALIZED DURING THE YEAR BY TRANSFERRING RS.30406568/- ON ACCOUNT OF ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT A ND RS.7254105/- IN BUILDING ACCOUNT. THE PROVISION AS BEEN MADE IN THE ACCOUNTS FOR ARREAR DEPRECIATION OF EARLIER YEARS A ND PRIOR PERIOD ADJUSTMENT A/CS, HAVE BEEN DEBITED BY RS.2,81,57,36 9/-. PROVISION FOR DEPRECIATION WAS NOT AN ALLOWABLE DEDUCTION, THEREFORE, AN EXCESS DEPRECIATION OF RS.2,39.93,843 /- WAS CLAIMED AS UNDER: ASSETS DEPN. ALLOWABLE DEPN. A LLOWED EXCESS DEPN. ALLOWED BUILDING 7254105 ENGINEERING 30406568 EQUIPMENT _______________ 37660673 4163526 28157369 23993843 THEREFORE, IT IS EVIDENT THAT THE ASSESSEE COMPANY DELIBERATELY CLAIMED EXCESS DEPRECIATION TO THE TUNE OF RS.2,39, 93,843/- IN P&L A/C. RESULTING UNDERASSESSMENT OF INCOME TO THE EXT ENT OF RS.2,39,93,843/-. ON THE BASIS OF FACTS NARRATED ABOVE, IT HAS BEEN F OUND THAT THE INCOME OF THE ASSESSEE HAS ESCAPED ASSESSMENT FOR T HE A.Y. 2005-06 AS MENTIONED ABOVE. THESE DISCREPANCIES ARE FOUND AFTE R DILIGENT SCRUTINY OF THE RECORDS AND ALSO THE P&L, A/C, AND BALANCE-SHEET FOR THE A.Y.2005-06. IN VIEW OF PROVISION OF SECTION 147 READ WITH EXPLA NATION 1 AND 2 OF SEC.147, THE ASSESSEE HAS FAILED TO DISCLOSE TRULY AND FULLY ALL MATERIAL I.T.A. NO. 476/KOL./2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 PAGE 6 OF 8 FACTS FOR THE AY 2005-06 THEREFORE, ACTION U/S.147 READ WITH SEC 148 IS REQUIRED TO BE TAKEN FOR WHICH PERMISSION U/S.15 1 IS SOLICITED. 8. A PERUSAL OF THE AFORESAID REASONS RECORDED BY T HE ASSESSING OFFICER MAKES IT ABUNDANTLY CLEAR THAT THE ASSESSMENT ORIGI NALLY COMPLETED BY HIM UNDER SECTION 143(3) WAS REOPENED BY THE ASSESS ING OFFICER ON THE BASIS OF THE SAME RECORDS AS WAS AVAILABLE BEFORE H IM WHILE COMPLETING THE ORIGINAL ASSESSMENT UNDER SECTION 143(3) AND TH ERE WAS NO NEW TANGIBLE MATERIAL THAT HAD COME TO HIS POSSESSION O N THE BASIS OF WHICH THE ASSESSMENT WAS REOPENED BY HIM. AT THE TIME OF HEARING BEFORE US, THE LD. D.R. HAS NOT DISPUTED THIS POSITION. THE ON LY CONTENTION RAISED BY HIM IS THAT THE REOPENING OF ASSESSMENT BY THE ASSE SSING OFFICER WAS BASED ON ALTOGETHER NEW ISSUES, WHICH HAD NOT BEEN EXAMINED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER DURING THE COURSE OF ORIGINAL PRO CEEDINGS UNDER SECTION 143(3). HOWEVER, AS SUBMITTED BY THE LD. COUNSEL FO R THE ASSESSEE, THE RELEVANT RECORDS INCLUDING THE BOOKS OF ACCOUNT OF THE ASSESSEE WERE DULY EXAMINED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER DURING THE COURSE OF ASSESSMENT PROCEEDINGS AND ONLY AFTER HAVING SATISFIED WITH TH E SAME, THE CLAIM OF THE ASSESSEE WAS ACCEPTED BY HIM IN THE ASSESSMENT COMPLETED UNDER SECTION 143(3). THE CONTENTION RAISED BY THE LD. D. R. IN THIS REGARD, EVEN OTHERWISE RUNS CONTRARY TO THE DECISION OF THE HON BLE CALCUTTA HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF DEBASHIS MOULIK VS.- ACIT REP ORTED IN 370 ITR 660, WHEREIN THE ASSESSMENT ORIGINALLY COMPLETED UNDER S ECTIN 143(3) WAS SOUGHT TO BE REOPENED BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER ON T HE BASIS OF NEW FACTS DISCOVERED FROM THE ASSESSMENT RECORDS AND IT WAS H ELD BY THE HONBLE CALCUTTA HIGH COURT THAT THE ASSESSMENT WAS REOPENE D BY THE ASSESSING OFFICER MERELY ON THE BASIS OF CHANGE OF OPINION, W HICH WAS NOT PERMISSIBLE IN LAW. 9. IN THE CASE OF CIT VS.- KELVINATOR OF INDIA LIM ITED (SUPRA), CITED BY THE LD. COUNSEL FOR THE ASSESSEE, IT WAS HELD BY TH E HONBLE SUPREME COURT THAT AFTER THE AMENDMENT MADE W.E.F. 1 ST APRIL, 1989, THE ASSESSING I.T.A. NO. 476/KOL./2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 PAGE 7 OF 8 OFFICER HAS TO HAVE REASON TO BELIEVE THAT INCOME H AS ESCAPED ASSESSMENT, BUT THIS DOES NOT IMPLY THAT THE ASSESSING OFFICER CAN REOPEN AN ASSESSMENT ON A MERE CHANGE OF OPINION. IT WAS HELD THAT THE CONCEPT OF CHANGE OF OPINION MUST BE TREATED AS AN IN-BUILT TEST TO CHECK THE ABUSE OF POWER AND HENCE THE ASSESSING OFFICER EVEN AFTER THE AMENDMENTS MADE IN THE RELEVANT PROVISIONS FROM APRIL 1, 1989 HAS THE POWER TO REOPEN AN ASSESSMENT PROVIDED THERE IS TANGIBLE MAT ERIAL TO COME TO THE CONCLUSION THAT THERE WAS ESCAPEMENT OF INCOME FROM ASSESSMENT. APPLYING THE RATIO LAID DOWN BY THE HONBLE SUPREME COURT IN THE CASE OF KELVINATOR OF INDIA LIMITED (SUPRA) AND BY THE HON BLE JURISDICTIONAL HIGH COURT IN THE CASE OF DEBASHIS MOULIK VS.- ACIT (SU PRA), WE HOLD THAT THE REOPENING OF ASSESSMENT MADE BY THE ASSESSING OFFIC ER IN THE PRESENT CASE WAS BAD IN LAW AS THE SAME WAS BASED MERELY ON THE CHANGE OF OPINION AND THE ASSESSMENT COMPLETED BY HIM UNDER S ECTION 143(3) READ WITH SECTION 147 IN PURSUANCE THEREOF IS INVALID AN D THE SAME IS LIABLE TO BE CANCELLED. WE ORDER ACCORDINGLY AND ALLOW THE CR OSS OBJECTION FILED BY THE ASSESSEE. 10. KEEPING IN VIEW THE DECISION ALREADY RENDERED B Y US ON THE PRELIMINARY ISSUE WHILE DISPOSING OF THE CROSS OBJE CTION OF THE ASSESSEE HOLDING THAT THE ASSESSMENT MADE BY THE ASSESSING O FFICER UNDER SECTION 143(3) READ WITH SECTION 147 IS TO BE CANCELLED BEI NG BAD IN LAW, ALL THE ISSUES RAISED IN THE APPEAL OF THE REVENUE RELATING TO THE ADDITIONS/DISALLOWANCES MADE IN THE SAID ASSESSMENT HAVE BECOME INFRUCTUOUS. WE, THEREFORE, DO NOT CONSIDER IT NECE SSARY OR EXPEDIENT TO ADJUDICATE UPON THE SAME. 11. IN THE RESULT, THE APPEAL OF THE REVENUE IS DIS MISSED, WHILE THE CROSS OBJECTION OF THE ASSESSEE IS ALLOWED. ORDER PRONOUNCED IN THE OPEN COURT ON SEPTEMBER 7 TH , 2016. SD/- SD/- (S.S. VISHWANETHRA RAVI) (P.M. JAGTAP) JUDICIAL MEMBER ACCOUNTANT ME MBER KOLKATA, THE 7 TH DAY OF SEPTEMBER, 2016 I.T.A. NO. 476/KOL./2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 & C.O. NO. 44/KOL/2013 ASSESSMENT YEAR: 2005-2006 PAGE 8 OF 8 ORDER PRONOUNCED BY SD/- SD/- (J.M.) (A.M.) S.S.V.R. W.A. COPIES TO : (1) DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CIRCLE-2, KOLKATA, AAYAKAR BHAWAN, P-7, CHOWRINGHEE SQUARE, KOLKATA-700 069 (2) M/S. WEST BENGAL FISHERIES CORPORATION LIMITE D, 31, G.N. BLOCK, SECTOR-V, SALT LAKE, KOLKATA-700 091 (3) COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (APPEALS)-I, KOLKA TA; (4) COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX- , (5) THE DEPARTMENTAL REPRESENTATIVE (6) GUARD FILE BY ORDER ASSISTANT REGISTRAR, INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL, KOLKATA BENCHES, KOLKATA LAHA/SR. P.S.